对于保存为整数的邮政编码：

>>> a = 6340
>>> b = 90210
>>> print '%05d' % a
06340
>>> print '%05d' % b
90210

对于使用f-string的Python 3.6+：

>>> i = 1
>>> f"{i:0>2}"  # Works for both numbers and strings.
'01'
>>> f"{i:02}"  # Works only for numbers.
'01'

对于Python 2.6到Python 3.5：

>>> "{:0>2}".format("1")  # Works for both numbers and strings.
'01'
>>> "{:02}".format(1)  # Works only for numbers.
'01'

这些标准格式说明符是[[fill]align][minimumwid]和[0][minimupwid]。

另一种方法是使用列表理解和长度检查条件。下面是一个演示：

# input list of strings that we want to prepend zeros
In [71]: list_of_str = ["101010", "10101010", "11110", "0000"]

# prepend zeros to make each string to length 8, if length of string is less than 8
In [83]: ["0"*(8-len(s)) + s if len(s) < desired_len else s for s in list_of_str]
Out[83]: ['00101010', '10101010', '00011110', '00000000']

我做了一个函数：

def PadNumber(number, n_pad, add_prefix=None):
    number_str = str(number)
    paded_number = number_str.zfill(n_pad)
    if add_prefix:
        paded_number = add_prefix+paded_number
    print(paded_number)

PadNumber(99, 4)
PadNumber(1011, 8, "b'")
PadNumber('7BEF', 6, "#")

输出：

0099
b'00001011
#007BEF

对于那些来这里理解而不仅仅是快速回答的人来说。我特别针对时间字符串：

hour = 4
minute = 3
"{:0>2}:{:0>2}".format(hour,minute)
# prints 04:03

"{:0>3}:{:0>5}".format(hour,minute)
# prints '004:00003'

"{:0<3}:{:0<5}".format(hour,minute)
# prints '400:30000'

"{:$<3}:{:#<5}".format(hour,minute)
# prints '4$$:3####'

“0”符号替换为“2”填充字符，默认值为空白“>”符号表示字符串左侧的所有2“0”字符“：”符号format_spec

您也可以重复“0”，将其前置到str（n）并获得最右侧的宽度切片。又快又脏的小表情。

def pad_left(n, width, pad="0"):
    return ((pad * width) + str(n))[-width:]