Ask Ubuntu的一个更简单的if语句，如何检查Python中是否安装了一个模块?：

import sys
print('eggs' in sys.modules)

使用pkgutil中的一个函数，例如:

from pkgutil import iter_modules

def module_exists(module_name):
    return module_name in (name for loader, name, ispkg in iter_modules())

在django.utils.module_loading.module_has_submodule:

import sys
import os
import imp

def module_has_submodule(package, module_name):
    """
    check module in package
    django.utils.module_loading.module_has_submodule
    """
    name = ".".join([package.__name__, module_name])
    try:
        # None indicates a cached miss; see mark_miss() in Python/import.c.
        return sys.modules[name] is not None
    except KeyError:
        pass
    try:
        package_path = package.__path__   # No __path__, then not a package.
    except AttributeError:
        # Since the remainder of this function assumes that we're dealing with
        # a package (module with a __path__), so if it's not, then bail here.
        return False
    for finder in sys.meta_path:
        if finder.find_module(name, package_path):
            return True
    for entry in package_path:
        try:
            # Try the cached finder.
            finder = sys.path_importer_cache[entry]
            if finder is None:
                # Implicit import machinery should be used.
                try:
                    file_, _, _ = imp.find_module(module_name, [entry])
                    if file_:
                        file_.close()
                    return True
                except ImportError:
                    continue
            # Else see if the finder knows of a loader.
            elif finder.find_module(name):
                return True
            else:
                continue
        except KeyError:
            # No cached finder, so try and make one.
            for hook in sys.path_hooks:
                try:
                    finder = hook(entry)
                    # XXX Could cache in sys.path_importer_cache
                    if finder.find_module(name):
                        return True
                    else:
                        # Once a finder is found, stop the search.
                        break
                except ImportError:
                    # Continue the search for a finder.
                    continue
            else:
                # No finder found.
                # Try the implicit import machinery if searching a directory.
                if os.path.isdir(entry):
                    try:
                        file_, _, _ = imp.find_module(module_name, [entry])
                        if file_:
                            file_.close()
                        return True
                    except ImportError:
                        pass
                # XXX Could insert None or NullImporter
    else:
        # Exhausted the search, so the module cannot be found.
        return False

Ask Ubuntu的一个更简单的if语句，如何检查Python中是否安装了一个模块?：

import sys
print('eggs' in sys.modules)

在使用yarbelk的响应后，我做了这个，所以我不需要导入ìmp。

try:
    __import__('imp').find_module('eggs')
    # Make things with a supposed existing module
except ImportError:
    pass

例如，它在Django的settings.py文件中就很有用。

如果你知道文件的位置，想要检查相应的Python代码文件是否有该模块，你可以简单地通过Python中的astor包进行检查。这里有一个简单的例子:

"""
Check if a module function exists or not without importing a Python package file
"""
import ast
import astor

tree = astor.parse_file('handler.py')
method_to_check = 'handle'
for item in tree.body:
    if isinstance(item, ast.FunctionDef):
        if item.name == method_to_check:
            print('method exists')
            break