对于Apache服务器，您应该检查mod_expires设置Expires和Cache-Control头。

或者，你可以使用Header指令自己添加Cache-Control:

Header set Cache-Control "max-age=290304000, public"

正如我所写的，最好使用.htaccess文件。但是要注意将内容保留在缓存中的时间。

Use:

<FilesMatch "\.(ico|pdf|flv|jpg|jpeg|png|gif|js|css|swf)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=604800, public"
</FilesMatch>

其中:604800 = 7天

PS:这可以用来重置任何头部

http://www.askapache.com/htaccess/apache-speed-cache-control.html上的页面建议使用这样的方法:

添加Cache-Control头 这是你的根。htaccess文件，但如果你有访问 Httpd.conf更好。 这段代码使用FilesMatch指令和Header指令向某些文件添加Cache-Control头文件。 # 480周 < FilesMatch " \。(ico pdf | | flv | jpg | jpeg | png | gif | js | css | swf) $ " > “max-age=290304000, public” < / FilesMatch >

这是我在实际网站中使用过的最好的。htaccess:

<ifModule mod_gzip.c>
mod_gzip_on Yes
mod_gzip_dechunk Yes
mod_gzip_item_include file .(html?|txt|css|js|php|pl)$
mod_gzip_item_include handler ^cgi-script$
mod_gzip_item_include mime ^text/.*
mod_gzip_item_include mime ^application/x-javascript.*
mod_gzip_item_exclude mime ^image/.*
mod_gzip_item_exclude rspheader ^Content-Encoding:.*gzip.*
</ifModule>

##Tweaks##
Header set X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN

## EXPIRES CACHING ##
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive On
ExpiresByType image/jpg "access 1 year"
ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access 1 year"
ExpiresByType image/gif "access 1 year"
ExpiresByType image/png "access 1 year"
ExpiresByType text/css "access 1 month"
ExpiresByType text/html "access 1 month"
ExpiresByType application/pdf "access 1 month"
ExpiresByType text/x-javascript "access 1 month"
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "access 1 month"
ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access 1 year"
ExpiresDefault "access 1 month"
</IfModule>
## EXPIRES CACHING ##

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header set Connection keep-alive
    <filesmatch "\.(ico|flv|gif|swf|eot|woff|otf|ttf|svg)$">
        Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000, public"
    </filesmatch>
    <filesmatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$">
        Header set Cache-Control "max-age=1209600, public"
    </filesmatch>
    # css and js should use private for proxy caching https://developers.google.com/speed/docs/best-practices/caching#LeverageProxyCaching
    <filesmatch "\.(css)$">
        Header set Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, private"
    </filesmatch>
    <filesmatch "\.(js)$">
        Header set Cache-Control "max-age=1209600, private"
    </filesmatch>
    <filesMatch "\.(x?html?|php)$">
        Header set Cache-Control "max-age=600, private, must-revalidate"
      </filesMatch>
</IfModule>

OWASP建议如下:

尽可能确保缓存控制HTTP头设置为无缓存，无存储，必须重新验证，私有;并且pragma HTTP头设置为无缓存。

<IfModule mod_headers.c>
    Header set Cache-Control "private, no-cache, no-store, proxy-revalidate, no-transform"
    Header set Pragma "no-cache"
</IfModule>

你可以在PHP中使用:

<?php
  //set headers to NOT cache a page
  header("Cache-Control: no-cache, must-revalidate"); //HTTP 1.1
  header("Pragma: no-cache"); //HTTP 1.0
  header("Expires: Sat, 26 Jul 1997 05:00:00 GMT"); // Date in the past

  //or, if you DO want a file to cache, use:
  header("Cache-Control: max-age=2592000"); //30days (60sec * 60min * 24hours * 30days)

?>

请注意，使用的确切报头将取决于您的需要(如果您需要支持HTTP 1.0和/或HTTP 1.1)