我试图运行一个简单的Junit测试,看看我的CrudRepositories是否确实在工作。

我一直得到的错误是:

无法找到@SpringBootConfiguration,您需要在测试中使用@ContextConfiguration或@SpringBootTest(classes=…) java.lang.IllegalStateException

Spring Boot不自己配置吗?

我的测试类:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class JpaTest {

@Autowired
private AccountRepository repository;

@After
public void clearDb(){
    repository.deleteAll();
}

 @Test
 public void createAccount(){
     long id = 12;
     Account u = new Account(id,"Tim Viz");
     repository.save(u);
      
     assertEquals(repository.findOne(id),u);
      
 }
  
  
 @Test
 public void findAccountByUsername(){
     long id = 12;
     String username = "Tim Viz";
     Account u = new Account(id,username);
     repository.save(u);
      
     assertEquals(repository.findByUsername(username),u);
      
 }
  

Spring Boot应用程序启动器:

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = {"domain.repositories"})
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"controllers","domain"})
@EnableWebMvc
@PropertySources(value    {@PropertySource("classpath:application.properties")})
    @EntityScan(basePackages={"domain"})
    public class Application extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
        public static void main(String[] args) {
            ApplicationContext ctx = SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);         
 
        }
    }

我的库:

public interface AccountRepository extends CrudRepository<Account,Long> {

    public Account findByUsername(String username);

    }
}

当前回答

Spring Boot 1.4中提供的测试片带来了面向特性的测试功能。

例如,

@JsonTest提供了一个简单的Jackson环境来测试json的序列化和反序列化。

@WebMvcTest提供了一个模拟web环境,它可以为测试指定控制器类,并在测试中注入MockMvc。

@WebMvcTest(PostController.class)
public class PostControllerMvcTest{

    @Inject MockMvc mockMvc;

}

@DataJpaTest将准备一个嵌入式数据库,并为测试提供基本的JPA环境。

@RestClientTest为测试提供REST客户端环境,尤其是RestTemplateBuilder等。

这些注释不是由SpringBootTest组成的,它们是与一系列AutoconfigureXXX和@TypeExcludesFilter注释结合在一起的。

看看@DataJpaTest。

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@BootstrapWith(SpringBootTestContextBootstrapper.class)
@OverrideAutoConfiguration(enabled = false)
@TypeExcludeFilters(DataJpaTypeExcludeFilter.class)
@Transactional
@AutoConfigureCache
@AutoConfigureDataJpa
@AutoConfigureTestDatabase
@AutoConfigureTestEntityManager
@ImportAutoConfiguration
public @interface DataJpaTest {}

您可以添加@AutoconfigureXXX注释来覆盖默认配置。

@AutoConfigureTestDatabase(replace=NONE)
@DataJpaTest
public class TestClass{
}

让我们看看你的问题,

Do not mix @DataJpaTest and @SpringBootTest, as said above @DataJpaTest will build the configuration in its own way(eg. by default, it will try to prepare an embedded H2 instead) from the application configuration inheritance. @DataJpaTest is designated for test slice. If you want to customize the configuration of @DataJpaTest, please read this official blog entry from Spring.io for this topic,(a little tedious). Split the configurations in Application into smaller configurations by features, such as WebConfig, DataJpaConfig etc. A full featured configuration(mixed web, data, security etc) also caused your test slice based tests to be failed. Check the test samples in my sample.

其他回答

我也有同样的问题,我通过在src/test/java文件夹的根包中添加一个用SpringBootApplication注释的空类来解决

package org.enricogiurin.core;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class CoreTestConfiguration {}

在我的例子中,Application类和Test类的包是不同的

package com.example.abc;
...
@SpringBootApplication
public class ProducerApplication {

and

package com.example.abc_etc;
...
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class ProducerApplicationTest {

在让他们同意测试正确运行之后。

配置附加到应用程序类,因此下面将正确设置所有内容:

@SpringBootTest(classes = Application.class)

下面是来自JHipster项目的示例。

除了Thomas Kåsene说的,你也可以补充

@SpringBootTest(classes=com.package.path.class)

如果您不想重构您的文件层次结构,则可以指定它应该在哪里查找其他类。这就是错误信息所暗示的:

无法找到@SpringBootConfiguration,您需要使用 @ContextConfiguration或@SpringBootTest(classes=…)…

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.web.servlet.AutoConfigureWebMvc;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;



@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@DataJpaTest
@SpringBootTest
@AutoConfigureWebMvc
public class RepoTest {

    @Autowired
    private ThingShiftDetailsRepository thingShiftDetailsRepo;

    @Test
    public void findThingShiftDetails() {
            ShiftDetails details = new ShiftDetails();
            details.setThingId(1);

            thingShiftDetailsRepo.save(details);

            ShiftDetails dbDetails = thingShiftDetailsRepo.findByThingId(1);
            System.out.println(dbDetails);
    }
}

上面的注释对我来说效果很好。我使用spring boot与JPA。