Iterator<Map.Entry<String,String>> iterator = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
    Map.Entry<String,String> entry = iterator.next();
    if (entry.getValue().equals(value_you_look_for)) {
        String key_you_look_for = entry.getKey();
}
} 

恐怕你只能重复你的地图了。我能想到的最简短的:

Iterator<Map.Entry<String,String>> iter = map.entrySet().iterator();
while (iter.hasNext()) {
    Map.Entry<String,String> entry = iter.next();
    if (entry.getValue().equals(value_you_look_for)) {
        String key_you_look_for = entry.getKey();
    }
}

Lambda w/o使用外部库 一个键可以处理多个值(与BidiMap不同)

public static List<String> getKeysByValue(Map<String, String> map, String value) {
  List<String> list = map.keySet().stream()
      .collect(groupingBy(k -> map.get(k))).get(value);
  return (list == null ? Collections.emptyList() : list);
}

获取一个包含键映射值的列表 对于1:1映射，返回的列表为空或包含1个值

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

public class ValueKeysMap<K, V> extends HashMap <K,V>{
    HashMap<V, Set<K>> ValueKeysMap = new HashMap<V, Set<K>>();

    @Override
    public boolean containsValue(Object value) {
        return ValueKeysMap.containsKey(value);
    }

    @Override
    public V put(K key, V value) {
        if (containsValue(value)) {
            Set<K> keys = ValueKeysMap.get(value);
            keys.add(key);
        } else {
            Set<K> keys = new HashSet<K>();
            keys.add(key);
            ValueKeysMap.put(value, keys);
        }
        return super.put(key, value);
    }

    @Override
    public V remove(Object key) {
        V value = super.remove(key);
        Set<K> keys = ValueKeysMap.get(value);
        keys.remove(key);
        if(keys.size() == 0) {
           ValueKeysMap.remove(value);
        }
        return value;
    }

    public Set<K> getKeys4ThisValue(V value){
        Set<K> keys = ValueKeysMap.get(value);
        return keys;
    }

    public boolean valueContainsThisKey(K key, V value){
        if (containsValue(value)) {
            Set<K> keys = ValueKeysMap.get(value);
            return keys.contains(key);
        }
        return false;
    }

    /*
     * Take care of argument constructor and other api's like putAll
     */
}

/**
 * This method gets the Key for the given Value
 * @param paramName
 * @return
 */
private String getKeyForValueFromMap(String paramName) {
    String keyForValue = null;
    if(paramName!=null)) {
        Set<Entry<String,String>> entrySet = myMap().entrySet();
        if(entrySet!=null && entrySet.size>0) {
            for(Entry<String,String> entry : entrySet) {
                if(entry!=null && paramName.equalsIgnoreCase(entry.getValue())) {
                    keyForValue = entry.getKey();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return keyForValue;
}

设值为maxValue。

Set keySet = map.keySet();

keySet.stream().filter(x->map.get(x)==maxValue).forEach(x-> System.out.println(x));