如何使用JQuery来验证电子邮件地址?


当前回答

这个问题要比乍看之下更难回答。如果你想正确处理邮件。

世界上有很多人在寻找“统治一切的正则表达式”,但事实是,有大量的电子邮件提供商。

有什么问题吗?好吧,“a_z%@gmail.com不可能存在,但它可能通过其他提供商存在这样的地址”a__z@provider.com。

为什么? 根据RFC: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Email_address RFC_specification。

为了方便讲解,我将摘录一段:

The local-part of the email address may use any of these ASCII characters: uppercase and lowercase Latin letters A to Z and a to z; digits 0 to 9; special characters !#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{|}~; dot ., provided that it is not the first or last character unless quoted, and provided also that it does not appear consecutively unless quoted (e.g. John..Doe@example.com is not allowed but "John..Doe"@example.com is allowed);[6] Note that some mail servers wildcard local parts, typically the characters following a plus and less often the characters following a minus, so fred+bah@domain and fred+foo@domain might end up in the same inbox as fred+@domain or even as fred@domain. This can be useful for tagging emails for sorting, see below, and for spam control. Braces { and } are also used in that fashion, although less often. space and "(),:;<>@[] characters are allowed with restrictions (they are only allowed inside a quoted string, as described in the paragraph below, and in addition, a backslash or double-quote must be preceded by a backslash); comments are allowed with parentheses at either end of the local-part; e.g. john.smith(comment)@example.com and (comment)john.smith@example.com are both equivalent to john.smith@example.com.

所以,我可以拥有一个这样的电子邮件地址:

A__z/J0hn.sm{it!}h_comment@example.com.co

如果你尝试这个地址,我打赌它会失败的所有或regex的主要部分张贴在整个网络。但是请记住这个地址遵循RFC规则,所以它是合理有效的。

想象一下我的沮丧,不能注册任何地方检查这些正则表达式!!

唯一真正能够验证电子邮件地址的人是电子邮件地址的提供者。

那么如何处理呢?

在几乎所有情况下,用户是否添加了无效的电子邮件都无关紧要。你可以依赖HTML 5输入type="email",这是运行接近RFC,几乎没有失败的机会。 HTML5输入类型="email"信息:https://www.w3.org/TR/2012/WD-html-markup-20121011/input.email.html

例如,这是RFC有效的电子邮件:

"very.(),:;<>[]\".VERY.\"very@\\ \"very\".unusual"@strange.example.com

但是html5验证会告诉你@前面的文本不能包含"或()字符,这实际上是不正确的。

无论如何,您应该通过接受电子邮件地址并向该电子邮件地址发送电子邮件消息来实现这一点,并提供用户必须访问的代码/链接以确认有效性。

这样做的一个好做法是“再次输入您的电子邮件”,以避免用户输入错误。如果这对你来说还不够,添加一个预先提交的模式窗口,标题是“这是你当前的电子邮件吗?”,然后在用户输入的邮件中添加一个h2标签,你知道,以清楚地显示他们输入的电子邮件,然后是一个“是,提交”按钮。

其他回答

你可以使用jQuery验证,在单个HTML行中,你可以验证电子邮件和电子邮件验证消息:type="email" required data-msg-email="输入一个有效的电子邮件帐户!"

您可以使用data-msg-email参数来放置个性化的消息,否则不放置此参数,将显示默认消息:“请输入有效的电子邮件地址。”

完整的例子:

<form class="cmxform" id="commentForm" method="get" action="">
  <fieldset>
    <p>
      <label for="cemail">E-Mail (required)</label>
      <input id="cemail" type="email" name="email" required data-msg-email="Enter a valid email account!">
    </p>
    <p>
      <input class="submit" type="submit" value="Submit">
    </p>
  </fieldset>
</form>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jquery-validation@1.17.0/dist/jquery.validate.js"></script>
<script>
$("#commentForm").validate();
</script>

对于那些希望使用比破坏性的长达光年的RegEx匹配更好的可维护解决方案的人,我写了几行代码。那些想要节省字节的人,坚持使用RegEx变体:)

这种限制:

字符串中没有@ 字符串中没有点 @后面超过2个点 用户名中的错误字符(@之前) 字符串中超过2个@ 域内字符错误 子域字符错误 TLD中的坏字符 TLD -地址

无论如何,仍然有可能泄露,所以一定要将此与服务器端验证+电子邮件链接验证结合起来。

这是JSFiddle

 //validate email

var emailInput = $("#email").val(),
    emailParts = emailInput.split('@'),
    text = 'Enter a valid e-mail address!';

//at least one @, catches error
if (emailParts[1] == null || emailParts[1] == "" || emailParts[1] == undefined) { 

    yourErrorFunc(text);

} else {

    //split domain, subdomain and tld if existent
    var emailDomainParts = emailParts[1].split('.');

    //at least one . (dot), catches error
    if (emailDomainParts[1] == null || emailDomainParts[1] == "" || emailDomainParts[1] == undefined) { 

        yourErrorFunc(text); 

     } else {

        //more than 2 . (dots) in emailParts[1]
        if (!emailDomainParts[3] == null || !emailDomainParts[3] == "" || !emailDomainParts[3] == undefined) { 

            yourErrorFunc(text); 

        } else {

            //email user
            if (/[^a-z0-9!#$%&'*+-/=?^_`{|}~]/i.test(emailParts[0])) {

               yourErrorFunc(text);

            } else {

                //double @
                if (!emailParts[2] == null || !emailParts[2] == "" || !emailParts[2] == undefined) { 

                        yourErrorFunc(text); 

                } else {

                     //domain
                     if (/[^a-z0-9-]/i.test(emailDomainParts[0])) {

                         yourErrorFunc(text); 

                     } else {

                         //check for subdomain
                         if (emailDomainParts[2] == null || emailDomainParts[2] == "" || emailDomainParts[2] == undefined) { 

                             //TLD
                             if (/[^a-z]/i.test(emailDomainParts[1])) {

                                 yourErrorFunc(text);

                              } else {

                                 yourPassedFunc(); 

                              }

                        } else {

                             //subdomain
                             if (/[^a-z0-9-]/i.test(emailDomainParts[1])) {

                                 yourErrorFunc(text); 

                             } else {

                                  //TLD
                                  if (/[^a-z]/i.test(emailDomainParts[2])) {

                                      yourErrorFunc(text); 

                                  } else {

                                      yourPassedFunc();
}}}}}}}}}
<script type="text/javascript">
    $(document).ready(function() {
      $('.form_error').hide();
      $('#submit').click(function(){
           var name = $('#name').val();
           var email = $('#email').val();
           var phone = $('#phone').val();
           var message = $('#message').val();
           if(name== ''){
              $('#name').next().show();
              return false;
            }
            if(email== ''){
               $('#email').next().show();
               return false;
            }
            if(IsEmail(email)==false){
                $('#invalid_email').show();
                return false;
            }

            if(phone== ''){
                $('#phone').next().show();
                return false;
            }
            if(message== ''){
                $('#message').next().show();
                return false;
            }
            //ajax call php page
            $.post("send.php", $("#contactform").serialize(),  function(response) {
            $('#contactform').fadeOut('slow',function(){
                $('#success').html(response);
                $('#success').fadeIn('slow');
               });
             });
             return false;
          });
      });
      function IsEmail(email) {
        var regex = /^([a-zA-Z0-9_\.\-\+])+\@(([a-zA-Z0-9\-])+\.)+([a-zA-Z0-9]{2,4})+$/;
        if(!regex.test(email)) {
           return false;
        }else{
           return true;
        }
      }
  </script>

<form action="" method="post" id="contactform">
                            <table class="contact-table">
                              <tr>
                                <td><label for="name">Name :</label></td>
                                <td class="name"> <input name="name" id="name" type="text" placeholder="Please enter your name" class="contact-input"><span class="form_error">Please enter your name</span></td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                <td><label for="email">Email :</label></td>
                                <td class="email"><input name="email" id="email" type="text" placeholder="Please enter your email" class="contact-input"><span class="form_error">Please enter your email</span>
                                  <span class="form_error" id="invalid_email">This email is not valid</span></td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                <td><label for="phone">Phone :</label></td>
                                <td class="phone"><input name="phone" id="phone" type="text" placeholder="Please enter your phone" class="contact-input"><span class="form_error">Please enter your phone</span></td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                <td><label for="message">Message :</label></td>
                                <td class="message"><textarea name="message" id="message" class="contact-input"></textarea><span class="form_error">Please enter your message</span></td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                <td></td>
                                <td>
                                  <input type="submit" class="contactform-buttons" id="submit"value="Send" />
                                  <input type="reset" class="contactform-buttons" id="" value="Clear" />
                                </td>
                              </tr>
                            </table>
     </form>
     <div id="success" style="color:red;"></div>

使用jquery.validate.js,它有微软ajax CDN。

$('#form').validate({
    rules:{
        "name":{
            required:true,
            maxlength:40
        },

        "email":{
            required:true,
            email:true, //for validate email
            maxlength:100
        },

        "message":{
            required:true
        }
    }
});
<script type = "text/javascript" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script type = "text/javascript">
    function ValidateEmail(email) {
        var expr = /^([\w-\.]+)@((\[[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.[0-9]{1,3}\.)|(([\w-]+\.)+))([a-zA-Z]{2,4}|[0-9]{1,3})(\]?)$/;
        return expr.test(email);
    };
    $("#btnValidate").live("click", function () {
        if (!ValidateEmail($("#txtEmail").val())) {
            alert("Invalid email address.");
        }
        else {
            alert("Valid email address.");
        }
    });
</script>
<input type = "text" id = "txtEmail" />
<input type = "button" id = "btnValidate" value = "Validate" />