我只是想回答这个帖子，而不是评论。

接口java.sql.PreparedStatement

columnIndexes « You can use prepareStatement function that accepts columnIndexes and SQL statement. Where columnIndexes allowed constant flags are Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS1 or Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS[2], SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' IN parameter placeholders. SYNTAX « Connection.prepareStatement(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) Connection.prepareStatement(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) Example: PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( insertSQL, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS );

columnNames«列出columnNames，如'id'， 'uniqueID'， ....在包含应返回的自动生成键的目标表中。如果SQL语句不是INSERT语句，驱动程序将忽略它们。 语法« 连接。prepareStatement(String sql, String[] columnNames) 例子: String columnNames[] = new String[] {"id"}; PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(insertSQL, columnNames);

完整的例子:

public static void insertAutoIncrement_SQL(String UserName, String Language, String Message) {
    String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", DB_User = "root", DB_Password = "";

    String insertSQL = "INSERT INTO `unicodeinfo`( `UserName`, `Language`, `Message`) VALUES (?,?,?)";
            //"INSERT INTO `unicodeinfo`(`id`, `UserName`, `Language`, `Message`) VALUES (?,?,?,?)";
    int primkey = 0 ;
    try {
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, DB_User, DB_Password);

        String columnNames[] = new String[] { "id" };

        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( insertSQL, columnNames );
        pstmt.setString(1, UserName );
        pstmt.setString(2, Language );
        pstmt.setString(3, Message );

        if (pstmt.executeUpdate() > 0) {
            // Retrieves any auto-generated keys created as a result of executing this Statement object
            java.sql.ResultSet generatedKeys = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();
            if ( generatedKeys.next() ) {
                primkey = generatedKeys.getInt(1);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Record updated with id = "+primkey);
    } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

我只是想回答这个帖子，而不是评论。

接口java.sql.PreparedStatement

columnIndexes « You can use prepareStatement function that accepts columnIndexes and SQL statement. Where columnIndexes allowed constant flags are Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS1 or Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS[2], SQL statement that may contain one or more '?' IN parameter placeholders. SYNTAX « Connection.prepareStatement(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) Connection.prepareStatement(String sql, int[] columnIndexes) Example: PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( insertSQL, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS );

columnNames«列出columnNames，如'id'， 'uniqueID'， ....在包含应返回的自动生成键的目标表中。如果SQL语句不是INSERT语句，驱动程序将忽略它们。 语法« 连接。prepareStatement(String sql, String[] columnNames) 例子: String columnNames[] = new String[] {"id"}; PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(insertSQL, columnNames);

完整的例子:

public static void insertAutoIncrement_SQL(String UserName, String Language, String Message) {
    String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", DB_User = "root", DB_Password = "";

    String insertSQL = "INSERT INTO `unicodeinfo`( `UserName`, `Language`, `Message`) VALUES (?,?,?)";
            //"INSERT INTO `unicodeinfo`(`id`, `UserName`, `Language`, `Message`) VALUES (?,?,?,?)";
    int primkey = 0 ;
    try {
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, DB_User, DB_Password);

        String columnNames[] = new String[] { "id" };

        PreparedStatement pstmt = conn.prepareStatement( insertSQL, columnNames );
        pstmt.setString(1, UserName );
        pstmt.setString(2, Language );
        pstmt.setString(3, Message );

        if (pstmt.executeUpdate() > 0) {
            // Retrieves any auto-generated keys created as a result of executing this Statement object
            java.sql.ResultSet generatedKeys = pstmt.getGeneratedKeys();
            if ( generatedKeys.next() ) {
                primkey = generatedKeys.getInt(1);
            }
        }
        System.out.println("Record updated with id = "+primkey);
    } catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | ClassNotFoundException | SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

在我的例子中是>

ConnectionClass objConnectionClass=new ConnectionClass();
con=objConnectionClass.getDataBaseConnection();
pstmtGetAdd=con.prepareStatement(SQL_INSERT_ADDRESS_QUERY,Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
pstmtGetAdd.setString(1, objRegisterVO.getAddress());
pstmtGetAdd.setInt(2, Integer.parseInt(objRegisterVO.getCityId()));
int addId=pstmtGetAdd.executeUpdate();              
if(addId>0)
{
    ResultSet rsVal=pstmtGetAdd.getGeneratedKeys();
    rsVal.next();
    addId=rsVal.getInt(1);
}

您可以使用以下java代码来获取新的插入id。

ps = con.prepareStatement(query, Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
ps.setInt(1, quizid);
ps.setInt(2, userid);
ps.executeUpdate();

ResultSet rs = ps.getGeneratedKeys();
if (rs.next()) {
    lastInsertId = rs.getInt(1);
}

如果您正在使用JDBC(用MySQL测试)，并且只想要最后插入的ID，有一种简单的方法可以获得它。我使用的方法如下:

public static Integer insert(ConnectionImpl connection, String insertQuery){

    Integer lastInsertId = -1;
    try{
        final PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(insertQuery);
        ps.executeUpdate(insertQuery);
        final com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement psFinal = (com.mysql.jdbc.PreparedStatement) ps;
        lastInsertId = (int) psFinal.getLastInsertID();
        connection.close();
    } catch(SQLException ex){
        System.err.println("Error: "+ex);
    }

    return lastInsertId;
}

同样，(以防万一)获取ConnectionImpl的方法如下:

public static ConnectionImpl getConnectionImpl(){
    ConnectionImpl conexion = null;

    final String dbName = "database_name";
    final String dbPort = "3306";
    final String dbIPAddress = "127.0.0.1";
    final String connectionPath = "jdbc:mysql://"+dbIPAddress+":"+dbPort+"/"+dbName+"?autoReconnect=true&useSSL=false";
    
    final String dbUser = "database_user";
    final String dbPassword = "database_password";
    try{
        conexion = (ConnectionImpl) DriverManager.getConnection(connectionPath, dbUser, dbPassword);
    }catch(SQLException e){
        System.err.println(e);
    }
    
    return conexion;
}

记得将连接器/J添加到项目引用的库中。

在我的例子中，连接器/J版本是5.1.42。如果您想使用连接器/J的更现代的版本，例如8.0.28版本，那么您可能必须对connectionPath应用一些更改。

在文件中，请记住导入以下资源:

import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl;

希望这对你有所帮助。

如果它是一个自动生成的键，那么你可以使用Statement#getGeneratedKeys()。您需要在与INSERT使用的语句相同的Statement上调用它。首先需要使用statement创建语句。RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS通知JDBC驱动程序返回密钥。

这里有一个基本的例子:

public void create(User user) throws SQLException {
    try (
        Connection connection = dataSource.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement(SQL_INSERT,
                                      Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS);
    ) {
        statement.setString(1, user.getName());
        statement.setString(2, user.getPassword());
        statement.setString(3, user.getEmail());
        // ...

        int affectedRows = statement.executeUpdate();

        if (affectedRows == 0) {
            throw new SQLException("Creating user failed, no rows affected.");
        }

        try (ResultSet generatedKeys = statement.getGeneratedKeys()) {
            if (generatedKeys.next()) {
                user.setId(generatedKeys.getLong(1));
            }
            else {
                throw new SQLException("Creating user failed, no ID obtained.");
            }
        }
    }
}

注意，您依赖于JDBC驱动程序来决定它是否工作。目前，最后的大多数版本都可以工作，但如果我是正确的，Oracle JDBC驱动程序在这方面仍然有些麻烦。MySQL和DB2已经支持它很多年了。PostgreSQL不久前开始支持它。我不能评论MSSQL，因为我从未使用过它。

对于Oracle，您可以在同一个事务中的INSERT语句后直接调用带有RETURNING子句或SELECT CURRVAL(sequencename)(或任何特定于db的语法)的CallableStatement来获得最后生成的密钥。看看这个答案。