扩展Alex的答案，您可以这样做以获得PK约束

Select C.COLUMN_NAME, C.DATA_TYPE, C.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, C.NUMERIC_PRECISION, C.IS_NULLABLE, TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS As C
    Left Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As TC
      On TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = C.TABLE_SCHEMA
          And TC.TABLE_NAME = C.TABLE_NAME
          And TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
Where C.TABLE_NAME = 'Table'

我一定是错过了您想要一个标记来确定给定的列是否是PK的一部分，而不是PK约束的名称。你可以用:

Select C.COLUMN_NAME, C.DATA_TYPE, C.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH
    , C.NUMERIC_PRECISION, C.NUMERIC_SCALE
    , C.IS_NULLABLE
    , Case When Z.CONSTRAINT_NAME Is Null Then 0 Else 1 End As IsPartOfPrimaryKey
From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS As C
    Outer Apply (
                Select CCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME
                From INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS As TC
                    Join INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE As CCU
                        On CCU.CONSTRAINT_NAME = TC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
                Where TC.TABLE_SCHEMA = C.TABLE_SCHEMA
                    And TC.TABLE_NAME = C.TABLE_NAME
                    And TC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE = 'PRIMARY KEY'
                    And CCU.COLUMN_NAME = C.COLUMN_NAME
                ) As Z
Where C.TABLE_NAME = 'Table'

select
      c.name as [column name], 
      t.name as [type name],
      tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
         inner join sys.types t 
      on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id 
         inner join sys.tables tbl
      on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
      c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName1') 
          and 
      t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%'
union
(select
      c.name as [column name], 
      t.name as [type name],
      tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
         inner join sys.types t 
      on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id 
         inner join sys.tables tbl
      on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
      c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName2') 
          and 
      t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%')
union
(select
      c.name as [column name], 
      t.name as [type name],
      tbl.name as [table name]
from sys.columns c
         inner join sys.types t 
      on c.system_type_id = t.system_type_id 
         inner join sys.tables tbl
      on c.object_id = tbl.object_id
where
      c.object_id = OBJECT_ID('YourTableName3') 
          and 
      t.name like '%YourSearchDataType%')
order by tbl.name

根据一个数据库中三个不同表的搜索数据类型，搜索哪个列在哪个表中。这个查询可以扩展到'n'个表。

存储过程sp_columns返回详细的表信息。

exec sp_columns MyTable

查找数据类型和长度的组合结果，并以“NULL”和“非空”的形式为空。

SELECT c.name AS 'Column Name',
       t.name + '(' + cast(c.max_length as varchar(50)) + ')' As 'DataType',
       case 
         WHEN  c.is_nullable = 0 then 'null' else 'not null'
         END AS 'Constraint'
  FROM sys.columns c
  JOIN sys.types t
    ON c.user_type_id = t.user_type_id
 WHERE c.object_id    = Object_id('TableName')

你会发现结果如下所示。

谢谢你！

你可以使用查询:

select COLUMN_NAME, DATA_TYPE, CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH, 
       NUMERIC_PRECISION, DATETIME_PRECISION, 
       IS_NULLABLE 
from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS
where TABLE_NAME='TableName'

以获得除Pk信息之外的所有元数据。

抛出了另一种在SQL server中解决问题的方法。 我的小脚本在这里应该返回列名，数据类型，是空的，约束和索引名称。 您还可以包括任何额外的列，如精度，比例… (你需要用你的数据库名、Schema name和Table name替换数据库名) .返回列的顺序与从'select * from table'中返回列的顺序相同

USE DBA -- Replace Database Name with yours

DECLARE @SCHEMA VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @SCHEMA_TABLE_NAME VARCHAR(MAX)

SET @SCHEMA = REPLACE(REPLACE('[SCHEMA NAME]', '[', ''), ']', '')--Replace Schema Name with yours
SET @TABLE_NAME = REPLACE(REPLACE('[TABLE NAME]', '[', ''), ']', '') --' Replace Table  Name with yours
SET @SCHEMA_TABLE_NAME = @SCHEMA + '.' + @TABLE_NAME;


WITH SchemaColumns
AS (
    SELECT C.COLUMN_NAME,
        IS_NULLABLE,
        DATA_TYPE,
        CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,
        C.ORDINAL_POSITION
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.COLUMNS AS C
    WHERE C.TABLE_SCHEMA = @SCHEMA
        AND C.TABLE_NAME = @TABLE_NAME
    ),
SchemaConstraints
AS (
    SELECT CN.COLUMN_NAME,
        CC.CONSTRAINT_TYPE
    FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLE_CONSTRAINTS AS CC
    INNER JOIN INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CONSTRAINT_COLUMN_USAGE AS CN ON CC.CONSTRAINT_NAME = CC.CONSTRAINT_NAME
    WHERE CC.TABLE_SCHEMA = @SCHEMA
        AND CC.TABLE_NAME = @TABLE_NAME
    ),
SchemaIndex
AS (
    SELECT I.name AS index_name,
        COL_NAME(IC.object_id, IC.column_id) AS column_name,
        IC.index_column_id,
        IC.key_ordinal,
        IC.is_included_column
    FROM sys.indexes AS i
    INNER JOIN sys.index_columns AS IC ON I.object_id = IC.object_id
        AND I.index_id = IC.index_id
    WHERE I.object_id = OBJECT_ID(@SCHEMA_TABLE_NAME)
    )
SELECT ISNULL(SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME, '') "Column Name",
    CASE 
        WHEN SchemaColumns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH IS NULL
            THEN UPPER(ISNULL(SchemaColumns.DATA_TYPE, ''))
        ELSE CONCAT (
                UPPER(ISNULL(SchemaColumns.DATA_TYPE, '')),
                '(',
                CAST(SchemaColumns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH AS VARCHAR(50)),
                ')'
                )
        END "Data Type",
    SchemaColumns.IS_NULLABLE "Is Nullable",
    ISNULL(SchemaConstraints.CONSTRAINT_TYPE, '-') "Constraints",
    ISNULL(STRING_AGG(CONVERT(NVARCHAR(max), SchemaIndex.INDEX_NAME), CHAR(13)), '-') "Indexes Names"
FROM SchemaColumns
LEFT JOIN SchemaConstraints ON SchemaConstraints.COLUMN_NAME = SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME
LEFT JOIN SchemaIndex ON SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME = SchemaIndex.COLUMN_NAME
GROUP BY SchemaColumns.COLUMN_NAME,
    SchemaColumns.DATA_TYPE,
    SchemaColumns.CHARACTER_MAXIMUM_LENGTH,
    SchemaColumns.IS_NULLABLE,
    SchemaConstraints.CONSTRAINT_TYPE,
    SchemaColumns.ORDINAL_POSITION
ORDER BY SchemaColumns.ORDINAL_POSITION