scikit-learn的线性回归不计算这个信息，但你可以很容易地扩展类来做:

from sklearn import linear_model
from scipy import stats
import numpy as np


class LinearRegression(linear_model.LinearRegression):
    """
    LinearRegression class after sklearn's, but calculate t-statistics
    and p-values for model coefficients (betas).
    Additional attributes available after .fit()
    are `t` and `p` which are of the shape (y.shape[1], X.shape[1])
    which is (n_features, n_coefs)
    This class sets the intercept to 0 by default, since usually we include it
    in X.
    """

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not "fit_intercept" in kwargs:
            kwargs['fit_intercept'] = False
        super(LinearRegression, self)\
                .__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def fit(self, X, y, n_jobs=1):
        self = super(LinearRegression, self).fit(X, y, n_jobs)

        sse = np.sum((self.predict(X) - y) ** 2, axis=0) / float(X.shape[0] - X.shape[1])
        se = np.array([
            np.sqrt(np.diagonal(sse[i] * np.linalg.inv(np.dot(X.T, X))))
                                                    for i in range(sse.shape[0])
                    ])

        self.t = self.coef_ / se
        self.p = 2 * (1 - stats.t.cdf(np.abs(self.t), y.shape[0] - X.shape[1]))
        return self

从这里偷来的。

您应该看一看Python中用于这种统计分析的统计模型。

获取p值的一个简单方法是使用statmodels回归:

import statsmodels.api as sm
mod = sm.OLS(Y,X)
fii = mod.fit()
p_values = fii.summary2().tables[1]['P>|t|']

你可以得到一系列你可以操作的p值(例如，通过计算每个p值来选择你想要保持的顺序):

你可以用pingouin来写一行字。线性回归函数(免责声明:我是Pingouin的创建者)，它使用NumPy数组或Pandas DataFrame与单/多变量回归一起工作，例如:

import pingouin as pg
# Using a Pandas DataFrame `df`:
lm = pg.linear_regression(df[['x', 'z']], df['y'])
# Using a NumPy array:
lm = pg.linear_regression(X, y)

输出是一个数据框架，其中包含每个预测器的beta系数、标准误差、t值、p值和置信区间，以及拟合的R^2和调整后的R^2。

你可以用scipy表示p值。此代码来自scipy文档。

>>> from scipy import stats >>>导入numpy为np x = np.random.random(10) y = np.random.random(10) >>>斜率，截距，r_value, p_value, std_err = stats. linreturn (x,y)

scikit-learn的线性回归不计算这个信息，但你可以很容易地扩展类来做:

from sklearn import linear_model
from scipy import stats
import numpy as np


class LinearRegression(linear_model.LinearRegression):
    """
    LinearRegression class after sklearn's, but calculate t-statistics
    and p-values for model coefficients (betas).
    Additional attributes available after .fit()
    are `t` and `p` which are of the shape (y.shape[1], X.shape[1])
    which is (n_features, n_coefs)
    This class sets the intercept to 0 by default, since usually we include it
    in X.
    """

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not "fit_intercept" in kwargs:
            kwargs['fit_intercept'] = False
        super(LinearRegression, self)\
                .__init__(*args, **kwargs)

    def fit(self, X, y, n_jobs=1):
        self = super(LinearRegression, self).fit(X, y, n_jobs)

        sse = np.sum((self.predict(X) - y) ** 2, axis=0) / float(X.shape[0] - X.shape[1])
        se = np.array([
            np.sqrt(np.diagonal(sse[i] * np.linalg.inv(np.dot(X.T, X))))
                                                    for i in range(sse.shape[0])
                    ])

        self.t = self.coef_ / se
        self.p = 2 * (1 - stats.t.cdf(np.abs(self.t), y.shape[0] - X.shape[1]))
        return self

从这里偷来的。

您应该看一看Python中用于这种统计分析的统计模型。

P_value是f个统计值之一。如果你想要得到这个值，只需使用这几行代码:

import statsmodels.api as sm
from scipy import stats

diabetes = datasets.load_diabetes()
X = diabetes.data
y = diabetes.target

X2 = sm.add_constant(X)
est = sm.OLS(y, X2)
print(est.fit().f_pvalue)