我一直在按照手册在Ubuntu上安装软件套件。我完全不了解MySQL。我已经在我的Ubuntu上完成了以下安装。
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mysql-server-5.5
sudo apt-get install mysql-client-5.5
sudo apt-get install mysql-common
sudo apt-get install glade
sudo apt-get install ntp
然后我做了
cd ~/Desktop/iPDC-v1.3.1/DBServer-1.1
mysql -uroot -proot <"Db.sql"
我最终得到以下错误消息。
错误1045(28000):拒绝访问用户'root'@'localhost'(使用密码:YES)
我该如何修复它并继续?
在服务器初始启动时,假设服务器的数据目录为空,会发生以下情况:
完成服务器的初始化。
在data目录下生成SSL证书和密钥文件。
安装并启用validate_password插件。
创建超级用户帐户“root”@“localhost”。超级用户的密码被设置并存储在错误日志文件中。
要显示它,使用以下命令:
Shell > sudo grep '临时密码' /var/log/mysqld.log
请使用临时密码登录,并自定义超级用户密码,尽快修改root用户密码:
Shell > mysql的root -p
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass5!
在Ubuntu 16.04 (Xenial Xerus)和MySQL 5.7.13版本中,我能够通过以下步骤解决这个问题:
Follow the instructions from section B.5.3.2.2 Resetting the Root Password: Unix and Unix-Like Systems
MySQL 5.7 reference manual
When I tried #sudo mysqld_safe --init-file=/home/me/mysql-init & it failed. The error was in /var/log/mysql/error.log:
2016-08-10T11:41:20.421946Z 0 [Note] Execution of init_file '/home/me/mysql/mysql-init' started.
2016-08-10T11:41:20.422070Z 0 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: File '/home/me/mysql/mysql-init' not found (Errcode: 13 - Permission denied)
2016-08-10T11:41:20.422096Z 0 [ERROR] Aborting
mysql-init的文件权限不是问题。我们需要编辑AppArmor权限。
Edit by sudo vi /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld
....
/var/log/mysql/ r,
/var/log/mysql/** rw,
# Allow user init file
/home/pranab/mysql/* r,
# Site-specific additions and overrides. See local/README for details.
#include <local/usr.sbin.mysqld>
}
Do sudo /etc/init.d/apparmor reload
Start mysqld_safe again. Try step 2 above. Check file /var/log/mysql/error.log. Make sure there is no error and the mysqld is successfully started.
Run mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Enter the password that you specified in mysql-init. You should be able to log in as root now.
Shutdown mysqld_safe by sudo mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown
Start mysqld the normal way by sudo systemctl start mysql
你必须重设密码!Mac OS X(已测试并正在运行)和Ubuntu的步骤:
停止使用MySQL
sudo service mysql stop
or
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
以安全模式启动:
sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
(上面一行是整个命令)
这将是一个持续的命令,直到进程结束,所以打开另一个shell/终端窗口,登录没有密码:
mysql -u root
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD('password') WHERE User='root';
根据@IberoMedia的评论,对于新版本的MySQL,该字段被称为authentication_string:
mysql> UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_string =PASSWORD('password') WHERE User='root';
启动MySQL使用:
sudo service mysql start
or
sudo /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
你的新密码是“password”。
注意:对于MySQL > 5.7版本,请尝试以下操作:
update mysql.user set authentication_string='password' where user='root';