另外，请注意，缺省情况下，如果http代码为400或更多，Jersey将覆盖响应体。

为了得到你指定的实体作为响应体，试着在你的web.xml配置文件的Jersey中添加以下初始化参数:

    <init-param>
        <!-- used to overwrite default 4xx state pages -->
        <param-name>jersey.config.server.response.setStatusOverSendError</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>

使用Microprofile OpenAPI扩展Nthalk的答案，您可以使用@APIResponse注释将返回代码与您的文档对齐。

这允许标记JAX-RS方法

@GET
@APIResponse(responseCode = "204")
public Resource getResource(ResourceRequest request) 

您可以使用ContainerResponseFilter解析这个标准化注释

@Provider
public class StatusFilter implements ContainerResponseFilter {

    @Override
    public void filter(ContainerRequestContext requestContext, ContainerResponseContext responseContext) {
        if (responseContext.getStatus() == 200) {
            for (final var annotation : responseContext.getEntityAnnotations()) {
                if (annotation instanceof APIResponse response) {
                    final var rawCode = response.responseCode();
                    final var statusCode = Integer.parseInt(rawCode);

                    responseContext.setStatus(statusCode);
                }
            }
        }
    }

}

当您在方法上添加多个注释时，就会出现警告

@APIResponse(responseCode = "201", description = "first use case")
@APIResponse(responseCode = "204", description = "because you can")
public Resource getResource(ResourceRequest request) 

如果您的WS-RS需求引发错误，为什么不直接使用WebApplicationException呢?

@GET
@Produces({ MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON, MediaType.APPLICATION_XML })
@Path("{id}")
public MyEntity getFoo(@PathParam("id") long id,  @QueryParam("lang")long idLanguage) {

if (idLanguage== 0){
    // No URL parameter idLanguage was sent
    ResponseBuilder builder = Response.status(Response.Status.BAD_REQUEST);
    builder.entity("Missing idLanguage parameter on request");
    Response response = builder.build();
    throw new WebApplicationException(response);
    }
... //other stuff to return my entity
return myEntity;
}

我没有使用JAX-RS，但我有一个类似的场景，我使用:

response.setStatus(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR.value());

JAX-RS支持标准/自定义HTTP代码。参见ResponseBuilder和ResponseStatus，例如:

http://jackson.codehaus.org/javadoc/jax-rs/1.0/javax/ws/rs/core/Response.ResponseBuilder.html#status%28javax.ws.rs.core.Response.Status%29

请记住，JSON信息更多的是与资源/应用程序关联的数据。HTTP代码更多的是关于被请求的CRUD操作的状态。(至少在REST-ful系统中是这样的)

下面的代码适用于我。通过带注释的setter注入messageContext，并在“add”方法中设置状态代码。

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.DELETE;
import javax.ws.rs.GET;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.PUT;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;

import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.ext.MessageContext;

public class FlightReservationService {

    MessageContext messageContext;

    private final Map<Long, FlightReservation> flightReservations = new HashMap<>();

    @Context
    public void setMessageContext(MessageContext messageContext) {
        this.messageContext = messageContext;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<FlightReservation> list() {
        return flightReservations.values();
    }

    @Path("/{id}")
    @Produces("application/json")
    @GET
    public FlightReservation get(Long id) {
        return flightReservations.get(id);
    }

    @Path("/")
    @Consumes("application/json")
    @Produces("application/json")
    @POST
    public void add(FlightReservation booking) {
        messageContext.getHttpServletResponse().setStatus(Response.Status.CREATED.getStatusCode());
        flightReservations.put(booking.getId(), booking);
    }

    @Path("/")
    @Consumes("application/json")
    @PUT
    public void update(FlightReservation booking) {
        flightReservations.remove(booking.getId());
        flightReservations.put(booking.getId(), booking);
    }

    @Path("/{id}")
    @DELETE
    public void remove(Long id) {
        flightReservations.remove(id);
    }
}