另一个使用jquery的方法

    <script type="text/javascript">

    //set this variable according to the need within the page
    var BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED = true;

    function fnPreventBackspace(event){if (BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED && event.keyCode == 8) {return false;}}
    function fnPreventBackspacePropagation(event){if(BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED && event.keyCode == 8){event.stopPropagation();}return true;}

    $(document).ready(function(){ 
        if(BACKSPACE_NAV_DISABLED){
            //for IE use keydown, for Mozilla keypress  
            //as described in scr: http://www.codeproject.com/KB/scripting/PreventDropdownBackSpace.aspx
            $(document).keypress(fnPreventBackspace);
            $(document).keydown(fnPreventBackspace);

            //Allow Backspace is the following controls 
            var jCtrl = null;
            jCtrl = $('input[type="text"]');
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);

            jCtrl = $('input[type="password"]');
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);

            jCtrl = $('textarea');
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspacePropagation);

            //disable backspace for readonly and disabled
            jCtrl = $('input[type="text"][readonly="readonly"]')
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspace);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspace);

            jCtrl = $('input[type="text"][disabled="disabled"]')
            jCtrl.keypress(fnPreventBackspace);
            jCtrl.keydown(fnPreventBackspace);
        }
    }); 

    </script>

使用Dojo toolkit 1.7，这可以在IE 8中工作:

require(["dojo/on", "dojo/keys", "dojo/domReady!"],
function(on, keys) {
    on(document.body,"keydown",function(evt){if(evt.keyCode == keys.BACKSPACE)evt.preventDefault()});
});

修正的erikkallen回答:

$(document).unbind('keydown').bind('keydown', function (event) {

    var doPrevent = false, elem;

    if (event.keyCode === 8) {
        elem = event.srcElement || event.target;
        if( $(elem).is(':input') ) {
            doPrevent = elem.readOnly || elem.disabled;
        } else {
            doPrevent = true;
        }
    }

    if (doPrevent) {
        event.preventDefault();
        return false;
    }
});

这段代码解决了所有浏览器的问题:

onKeydown:function(e)
{
    if (e.keyCode == 8) 
    {
      var d = e.srcElement || e.target;
      if (!((d.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'BODY') || (d.tagName.toUpperCase() == 'HTML'))) 
      {
         doPrevent = false;
      }
       else
      {
         doPrevent = true;
      }
    }
    else
    {
       doPrevent = false;
    }
      if (doPrevent)
      {
         e.preventDefault();
       }

  }

对于任何感兴趣的人，我把一个jQuery插件放在一起，它包含了toolman的(加上@MaffooClock/@cdmckay的评论)和@Vladimir Kornea的想法。

用法:

//# Disable backspace on .disabled/.readOnly fields for the whole document
$(document).disableBackspaceNavigation();

//# Disable backspace on .disabled/.readOnly fields under FORMs
$('FORM').disableBackspaceNavigation();

//# Disable backspace on .disabled/.readOnly fields under #myForm
$('#myForm').disableBackspaceNavigation();

//# Disable backspace on .disabled/.readOnly fields for the whole document with confirmation
$(document).disableBackspaceNavigation(true);

//# Disable backspace on .disabled/.readOnly fields for the whole document with all options
$(document).disableBackspaceNavigation({
    confirm: true,
    confirmString: "Are you sure you want to navigate away from this page?",
    excludeSelector: "input, select, textarea, [contenteditable='true']",
    includeSelector: ":checkbox, :radio, :submit"
});

插件:

//# Disables backspace initiated navigation, optionally with a confirm dialog
//#     From: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1495219/how-can-i-prevent-the-backspace-key-from-navigating-back
$.fn.disableBackspaceNavigation = function (vOptions) {
    var bBackspaceWasPressed = false,
        o = $.extend({
            confirm: (vOptions === true),   //# If the caller passed in `true` rather than an Object, default .confirm accordingly,
            confirmString: "Are you sure you want to leave this page?",
            excludeSelector: "input, select, textarea, [contenteditable='true']",
            includeSelector: ":checkbox, :radio, :submit"
        }, vOptions)
    ;

    //# If we are supposed to use the bConfirmDialog, hook the beforeunload event
    if (o.confirm) {
        $(window).on('beforeunload', function () {
            if (bBackspaceWasPressed) {
                bBackspaceWasPressed = false;
                return o.confirmString;
            }
        });
    }

    //# Traverse the passed elements, then return them to the caller (enables chainability)
    return this.each(function () {
        //# Disable backspace on disabled/readonly fields
        $(this).bind("keydown keypress", function (e) {
            var $target = $(e.target /*|| e.srcElement*/);

            //# If the backspace was pressed
            if (e.which === 8 /*|| e.keyCode === 8*/) {
                bBackspaceWasPressed = true;

                //# If we are not using the bConfirmDialog and this is not a typeable input (or a non-typeable input, or is .disabled or is .readOnly), .preventDefault
                if (!o.confirm && (
                    !$target.is(o.excludeSelector) ||
                    $target.is(o.includeSelector) ||
                    e.target.disabled ||
                    e.target.readOnly
                )) {
                    e.preventDefault();
                }
            }
        });
    });
}; //# $.fn.disableBackspaceNavigation

这段代码适用于所有浏览器，当不在表单元素上时，或者当表单元素被禁用|readOnly时，它会吞下退格键。它也很高效，这在对输入的每个键执行时非常重要。

$(function(){
    /*
     * this swallows backspace keys on any non-input element.
     * stops backspace -> back
     */
    var rx = /INPUT|SELECT|TEXTAREA/i;

    $(document).bind("keydown keypress", function(e){
        if( e.which == 8 ){ // 8 == backspace
            if(!rx.test(e.target.tagName) || e.target.disabled || e.target.readOnly ){
                e.preventDefault();
            }
        }
    });
});