典型的解决方案是另一位受访者提到的:

sort | uniq -c

它比用Perl或awk编写的代码更短、更简洁。

You write that you don't want to use sort, because the data's size is larger than the machine's main memory size. Don't underestimate the implementation quality of the Unix sort command. Sort was used to handle very large volumes of data (think the original AT&T's billing data) on machines with 128k (that's 131,072 bytes) of memory (PDP-11). When sort encounters more data than a preset limit (often tuned close to the size of the machine's main memory) it sorts the data it has read in main memory and writes it into a temporary file. It then repeats the action with the next chunks of data. Finally, it performs a merge sort on those intermediate files. This allows sort to work on data many times larger than the machine's main memory.

要根据一组现有字段汇总多个字段，请使用下面的示例:(根据您的需求替换$1、$2、$3、$4)

cat file

US|A|1000|2000
US|B|1000|2000
US|C|1000|2000
UK|1|1000|2000
UK|1|1000|2000
UK|1|1000|2000

awk 'BEGIN { FS=OFS=SUBSEP="|"}{arr[$1,$2]+=$3+$4 }END {for (i in arr) print i,arr[i]}' file

US|A|3000
US|B|3000
US|C|3000
UK|1|9000

似乎您必须使用大量代码在bash中模拟哈希以获得线性行为，或者坚持使用二次超线性版本。

在这些版本中，saua的解决方案是最好的(也是最简单的):

sort -n ip_addresses.txt | uniq -c

我找到了http://unix.derkeiler.com/Newsgroups/comp.unix.shell/2005-11/0118.html。但它丑得要命……

将数据导入sqlite db并使用sql语法(只是另一个想法)。 我知道这对于这个例子来说太多了，但是对于有多个文件(表)的复杂查询是有用的

#!/bin/bash
trap clear_db EXIT
clear_db(){ rm -f "mydb$$"; }

# add header to input_file (IP)
INPUT_FILE=ips.txt

# import file into db
sqlite3 -csv mydb$$ ".import ${INPUT_FILE} mytable"

# using sql statements on table 'mytable' 
sqlite3 mydb$$ -separator " "  "SELECT IP, COUNT(*) FROM mytable GROUP BY IP;"

10.0.10.1 3
10.0.10.2 1
10.0.10.3 1

解决方案(分组如mysql)

grep -ioh "facebook\|xing\|linkedin\|googleplus" access-log.txt | sort | uniq -c | sort -n

结果

3249  googleplus
4211 linkedin
5212 xing
7928 facebook

我觉得awk关联数组在这种情况下也很方便

$ awk '{count[$1]++}END{for(j in count) print j,count[j]}' ips.txt

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