抽象工厂和工厂设计模式之间的区别是什么?

我知道有很多关于这两种模式之间差异的帖子，但有一些东西我找不到。

From what I have been reading, I see that the factory method pattern allows you to define how to create a single concrete product but hiding the implementation from the client as they will see a generic product. My first question is about the abstract factory. Is its role to allow you to create families of concrete objects in (that can depend on what specific factory you use) rather than just a single concrete object? Does the abstract factory only return one very large object or many objects depending on what methods you call?

我最后两个问题是关于一句我在很多地方都见过的引语，我不能完全理解:

两者之间的一个区别是使用抽象工厂模式，a 类委托的责任对象实例化到另一个对象通过合成，而工厂方法模式使用继承和类依赖于子类来处理所需的对象实例化。

我的理解是，工厂方法模式有一个Creator接口，它将使ConcreteCreator负责知道要实例化哪个ConcreteProduct。这就是使用继承来处理对象实例化的意思吗?

现在，关于引用，抽象工厂模式是如何通过组合将对象实例化的责任委托给另一个对象的?这是什么意思?在我看来，抽象工厂模式似乎也使用继承来完成构造过程，但我仍然在学习这些模式。

任何帮助，特别是最后一个问题，将非常感激。

当前回答

A)工厂方法模式

工厂方法是一种创建设计模式，它提供了创建对象的接口，但允许子类改变将要创建的对象的类型。

如果在基类和扩展它的子类中有一个创建方法，您可能会考虑工厂方法。

B)抽象工厂模式

抽象工厂是一种创造性的设计模式，允许在不指定具体类的情况下产生相关或依赖的对象族。

什么是“对象族”?例如，以这组类为例:传输+引擎+控制。这些可能有几种变体:

1-汽车+内燃机+方向盘

2-平面+ JetEngine +轭

如果你的程序不使用产品族，那么你就不需要抽象工厂。

同样，很多人混淆了抽象工厂模式和简单的工厂类声明为抽象。不要那样做!

裁判:https://refactoring.guru/design-patterns/factory-comparison

2021-09-11 16:13:02

其他回答

让我们明确一点，在生产代码中，大多数时候我们使用抽象工厂模式，因为类A是用接口b编程的，而A需要创建b的实例，因此A必须有一个工厂对象来生成b的实例，因此A不依赖于b的任何具体实例，希望它有帮助。

2015-07-16 08:42:15

abstract factory design pattern with realtime example: what is an abstract factory design pattern? It is similar to the factory method design pattern. we need to use this pattern when we have multiple factories. there will be a grouping of factories defined in this pattern. factory method pattern is a subset of abstract factory design pattern. They have the same advantages as factory patterns. abstract factory relies on object composition whereas the factory method deals with inheritance. factory design pattern in java with a realtime example: what is the factory design pattern? it is mostly used design in object-oriented programming. It is one of the creational patterns. it is all about creating instances. Clients will create the object without exposed to object creational logic. it is widely used in different frameworks ex: the spring framework. we use this pattern when the class doesn’t know the objects of another it must create. Realtime example: when our car breaks down on the road. We need to inform the repairman about what type of vehicle we are using so that repairman will carry tools to fix the repair. as per our input, the repairman will fix the issue and make it ready for us to travel again. There are a few built-in methods that use these patterns. example getInstance() method in JavaUtilcalendar class. With help of getInstance(), we can get objects whenever we execute this method. Javautilcalendar : getInstance() is method return object. https://trendydevx.com/factory-design-pattern-in-java-with-realtime-example/

2020-10-29 18:32:54

My conclusion: there is no difference. Why? Because I cannot see any justification to equip objects other than factories with factory methods - otherwise you get a violation of the separation of responsibility principle. In addition, I cannot see any difference between a factory with a single factory method and a factory with multiple factory methods: both create "families of related objects" unless anyone can prove that a single-family-member family is not a family. Or a collection that contains a single item is not a collection.

2022-02-07 04:10:11

比起工厂方法，我更喜欢抽象工厂。从Tom Dalling上面的例子(顺便说一句，解释得很好)中，我们可以看到抽象工厂是更可组合的，因为我们所需要做的只是将一个不同的工厂传递给构造函数(这里使用构造函数依赖注入)。但是工厂方法要求我们引入一个新类(需要管理更多的东西)并使用子类化。总是选择组合而不是继承。

2016-08-30 04:33:46