我试图在Android中创建一个邮件发送应用程序。
如果我使用:
Intent emailIntent = new Intent(android.content.Intent.ACTION_SEND);
这将启动内置的Android应用程序;我试图发送邮件按钮点击直接不使用这个应用程序。
当前回答
用Kotlin以编程方式发送电子邮件。
简单的电子邮件发送，没有其他所有功能(如附件)。 TLS始终开启 只有1 gradle电子邮件依赖也需要。
我还发现下面这些邮件POP服务非常有用:
https://support.office.com/en-gb/article/pop-and-imap-email-settings-for-outlook-8361e398-8af4-4e97-b147-6c6c4ac95353
使用方法:
val auth = EmailService.UserPassAuthenticator("you@gmail.com", "yourPassword")
val to = listOf(InternetAddress("to@email.com"))
val from = InternetAddress("you@gmail.com")
val email = EmailService.Email(auth, to, from, "Test Subject", "Hello Body World")
val emailService = EmailService("smtp.gmail.com", 465)
GlobalScope.launch { // or however you do background threads
emailService.send(email)
}
代码:
import java.util.*
import javax.mail.*
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart
class EmailService(private val server: String, private val port: Int) {
data class Email(
val auth: Authenticator,
val toList: List<InternetAddress>,
val from: Address,
val subject: String,
val body: String
)
class UserPassAuthenticator(private val username: String, private val password: String) : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(username, password)
}
}
fun send(email: Email) {
val props = Properties()
props["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
props["mail.user"] = email.from
props["mail.smtp.host"] = server
props["mail.smtp.port"] = port
props["mail.smtp.starttls.enable"] = "true"
props["mail.smtp.ssl.trust"] = server
props["mail.mime.charset"] = "UTF-8"
val msg: Message = MimeMessage(Session.getDefaultInstance(props, email.auth))
msg.setFrom(email.from)
msg.sentDate = Calendar.getInstance().time
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, email.toList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, email.ccList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, email.bccList.toTypedArray())
msg.replyTo = arrayOf(email.from)
msg.addHeader("X-Mailer", CLIENT_NAME)
msg.addHeader("Precedence", "bulk")
msg.subject = email.subject
msg.setContent(MimeMultipart().apply {
addBodyPart(MimeBodyPart().apply {
setText(email.body, "iso-8859-1")
//setContent(email.htmlBody, "text/html; charset=UTF-8")
})
})
Transport.send(msg)
}
companion object {
const val CLIENT_NAME = "Android StackOverflow programmatic email"
}
}
Gradle:
dependencies {
implementation 'com.sun.mail:android-mail:1.6.4'
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.3"
}
安卓清单：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
其他回答
如果使用“smtp.gmail.com”作为默认的smtp服务器，请注意。
谷歌将迫使您更改您的链接电子邮件帐户密码频繁由于他们过于热心的“可疑活动”政策。本质上，它将短时间内来自不同国家的重复smtp请求视为“可疑活动”。因为他们假设你(电子邮件账户持有人)一次只能在一个国家。
当谷歌系统检测到“可疑活动”时，它将阻止进一步的电子邮件，直到您更改密码。因为你已经将密码硬编码到应用程序中，每次发生这种情况，你都必须重新发布应用程序，这并不理想。这种情况发生在一周内3次对我来说，我甚至存储密码在另一个服务器上，每次谷歌强迫我更改密码时，我都动态地获取密码。
因此，我建议使用许多免费的smtp提供商之一，而不是“smtp.gmail.com”，以避免这个安全问题。使用相同的代码，但将“smtp.gmail.com”更改为新的smtp转发主机。
无需用户干预，您可以按以下方式发送:
从客户端apk发送电子邮件。这里mail.jar，激活。jar是发送java电子邮件所必需的。如果添加这些罐子，它可能会增加APK大小。 或者，您可以在服务器端代码中使用web服务，它将使用相同的mail.jar和activation.jar发送电子邮件。你可以通过asynctask调用web服务并发送电子邮件。参考相同的链接。
(但是，您需要知道邮件帐户的凭据)
我试着用@Vinayak B提交的代码。然而，我得到一个错误说:没有提供smtp
我在这里创建了一个新问题，提供了更多信息
我终于自己修好了。我得用另一个邮件罐 我必须确保我的“不太安全的应用程序访问权限”被打开。
我希望这能帮助那些有同样问题的人。这样做后，这段代码也可以在谷歌玻璃上工作。
用Kotlin以编程方式发送电子邮件。
简单的电子邮件发送，没有其他所有功能(如附件)。 TLS始终开启 只有1 gradle电子邮件依赖也需要。
我还发现下面这些邮件POP服务非常有用:
https://support.office.com/en-gb/article/pop-and-imap-email-settings-for-outlook-8361e398-8af4-4e97-b147-6c6c4ac95353
使用方法:
val auth = EmailService.UserPassAuthenticator("you@gmail.com", "yourPassword")
val to = listOf(InternetAddress("to@email.com"))
val from = InternetAddress("you@gmail.com")
val email = EmailService.Email(auth, to, from, "Test Subject", "Hello Body World")
val emailService = EmailService("smtp.gmail.com", 465)
GlobalScope.launch { // or however you do background threads
emailService.send(email)
}
代码:
import java.util.*
import javax.mail.*
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart
class EmailService(private val server: String, private val port: Int) {
data class Email(
val auth: Authenticator,
val toList: List<InternetAddress>,
val from: Address,
val subject: String,
val body: String
)
class UserPassAuthenticator(private val username: String, private val password: String) : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(username, password)
}
}
fun send(email: Email) {
val props = Properties()
props["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
props["mail.user"] = email.from
props["mail.smtp.host"] = server
props["mail.smtp.port"] = port
props["mail.smtp.starttls.enable"] = "true"
props["mail.smtp.ssl.trust"] = server
props["mail.mime.charset"] = "UTF-8"
val msg: Message = MimeMessage(Session.getDefaultInstance(props, email.auth))
msg.setFrom(email.from)
msg.sentDate = Calendar.getInstance().time
msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, email.toList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, email.ccList.toTypedArray())
// msg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.BCC, email.bccList.toTypedArray())
msg.replyTo = arrayOf(email.from)
msg.addHeader("X-Mailer", CLIENT_NAME)
msg.addHeader("Precedence", "bulk")
msg.subject = email.subject
msg.setContent(MimeMultipart().apply {
addBodyPart(MimeBodyPart().apply {
setText(email.body, "iso-8859-1")
//setContent(email.htmlBody, "text/html; charset=UTF-8")
})
})
Transport.send(msg)
}
companion object {
const val CLIENT_NAME = "Android StackOverflow programmatic email"
}
}
Gradle:
dependencies {
implementation 'com.sun.mail:android-mail:1.6.4'
implementation "org.jetbrains.kotlinx:kotlinx-coroutines-core:1.3.3"
}
安卓清单：
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
对于那些想在2020年与Kotlin一起使用JavaMail的人:
首先:将这些依赖项添加到构建中。gradle文件(官方JavaMail Maven依赖项)
实现“com.sun.mail: android-mail: 1.6.5” 实现“com.sun.mail: android激活:1.6.5”
实现“org.bouncycastle: bcmail-jdk15on: 1.65” 实现“org.jetbrains.kotlinx: kotlinx-coroutines-core: 1.3.7” 实现“org.jetbrains.kotlinx: kotlinx-coroutines-android: 1.3.7”
BouncyCastle是出于安全考虑。
第二步:将这些权限添加到AndroidManifest.xml中
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE" />
第三:当使用SMTP时，创建一个配置文件
object Config {
const val EMAIL_FROM = "You_Sender_Email@email.com"
const val PASS_FROM = "Your_Sender_Password"
const val EMAIL_TO = "Your_Destination_Email@email.com"
}
第四:创建Mailer对象
object Mailer {
init {
Security.addProvider(BouncyCastleProvider())
}
private fun props(): Properties = Properties().also {
// Smtp server
it["mail.smtp.host"] = "smtp.gmail.com"
// Change when necessary
it["mail.smtp.auth"] = "true"
it["mail.smtp.port"] = "465"
// Easy and fast way to enable ssl in JavaMail
it["mail.smtp.ssl.enable"] = true
}
// Dont ever use "getDefaultInstance" like other examples do!
private fun session(emailFrom: String, emailPass: String): Session = Session.getInstance(props(), object : Authenticator() {
override fun getPasswordAuthentication(): PasswordAuthentication {
return PasswordAuthentication(emailFrom, emailPass)
}
})
private fun builtMessage(firstName: String, surName: String): String {
return """
<b>Name:</b> $firstName <br/>
<b>Surname:</b> $surName <br/>
""".trimIndent()
}
private fun builtSubject(issue: String, firstName: String, surName: String):String {
return """
$issue | $firstName, $surName
""".trimIndent()
}
private fun sendMessageTo(emailFrom: String, session: Session, message: String, subject: String) {
try {
MimeMessage(session).let { mime ->
mime.setFrom(InternetAddress(emailFrom))
// Adding receiver
mime.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, InternetAddress(Config.EMAIL_TO))
// Adding subject
mime.subject = subject
// Adding message
mime.setText(message)
// Set Content of Message to Html if needed
mime.setContent(message, "text/html")
// send mail
Transport.send(mime)
}
} catch (e: MessagingException) {
Log.e("","") // Or use timber, it really doesn't matter
}
}
fun sendMail(firstName: String, surName: String) {
// Open a session
val session = session(Config.EMAIL_FROM, Config.PASSWORD_FROM)
// Create a message
val message = builtMessage(firstName, surName)
// Create subject
val subject = builtSubject(firstName, surName)
// Send Email
CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.IO).launch { sendMessageTo(Config.EMAIL_FROM, session, message, subject) }
}
Note
If you want a more secure way to send your email (and you want a more secure way!), use http as mentioned in the solutions before (I will maybe add it later in this answer) You have to properly check, if the users phone has internet access, otherwise the app will crash. When using gmail, enable "less secure apps" (this will not work, when you gmail has two factors enabled) https://myaccount.google.com/lesssecureapps?pli=1 Some credits belong to: https://medium.com/@chetan.garg36/android-send-mails-not-intent-642d2a71d2ee (he used RxJava for his solution)
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