是否可以在每次编译Go应用程序时自动增加次要版本号?
我想在我的程序中设置一个版本号，使用一个自动递增的部分:
$ myapp -version
MyApp version 0.5.132
0.5是我设置的版本号，132是每次编译二进制文件时自动递增的值。
这在围棋中可能吗?
当前回答
另外，我想发布一个如何使用git和makefile的小例子:
--- Makefile ----
# This how we want to name the binary output
BINARY=gomake
# These are the values we want to pass for VERSION and BUILD
# git tag 1.0.1
# git commit -am "One more change after the tags"
VERSION=`git describe --tags`
BUILD=`date +%FT%T%z`
# Setup the -ldflags option for go build here, interpolate the variable values
LDFLAGS_f1=-ldflags "-w -s -X main.Version=${VERSION} -X main.Build=${BUILD} -X main.Entry=f1"
LDFLAGS_f2=-ldflags "-w -s -X main.Version=${VERSION} -X main.Build=${BUILD} -X main.Entry=f2"
# Builds the project
build:
go build ${LDFLAGS_f1} -o ${BINARY}_f1
go build ${LDFLAGS_f2} -o ${BINARY}_f2
# Installs our project: copies binaries
install:
go install ${LDFLAGS_f1}
# Cleans our project: deletes binaries
clean:
if [ -f ${BINARY} ] ; then rm ${BINARY} ; fi
.PHONY: clean install
make文件将创建两个可执行文件。一个是执行函数1，另一个将函数2作为主要入口:
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
var (
Version string
Build string
Entry string
funcs = map[string]func() {
"f1":functionOne,"f2":functionTwo,
}
)
func functionOne() {
fmt.Println("This is function one")
}
func functionTwo() {
fmt.Println("This is function two")
}
func main() {
fmt.Println("Version: ", Version)
fmt.Println("Build Time: ", Build)
funcs[Entry]()
}
然后运行:
make
你会得到:
mab@h2470988:~/projects/go/gomake/3/gomake$ ls -al
total 2020
drwxrwxr-x 3 mab mab 4096 Sep 7 22:41 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 mab mab 4096 Aug 16 10:00 ..
drwxrwxr-x 8 mab mab 4096 Aug 17 16:40 .git
-rwxrwxr-x 1 mab mab 1023488 Sep 7 22:41 gomake_f1
-rwxrwxr-x 1 mab mab 1023488 Sep 7 22:41 gomake_f2
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mab mab 399 Aug 16 10:21 main.go
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mab mab 810 Sep 7 22:41 Makefile
mab@h2470988:~/projects/go/gomake/3/gomake$ ./gomake_f1
Version: 1.0.1-1-gfb51187
Build Time: 2016-09-07T22:41:38+0200
This is function one
mab@h2470988:~/projects/go/gomake/3/gomake$ ./gomake_f2
Version: 1.0.1-1-gfb51187
Build Time: 2016-09-07T22:41:39+0200
This is function two
其他回答
在Windows操作系统上给出下面的程序
package main
import "fmt"
var (
version string
date string
)
func main() {
fmt.Printf("version=%s, date=%s", version, date)
}
您可以使用
go build -ldflags "-X main.version=0.0.1 -X main.date=%date:~10,4%-%date:~4,2%-%date:~7,2%T%time:~0,2%:%time:~3,2%:%time:~6,2%"
日期格式假设您的环境回声% Date %是Fri 07/22/2016，回声%time%是16:21:52.88
那么输出将是:version=0.0.1, date=2016-07-22T16:21:52
Go链接器(Go工具链接)有一个选项来设置一个未初始化的字符串变量的值:
- x importpath.name =值 将importpath named name中的字符串变量的值设置为
价值。 注意，在Go 1.5之前，这个选项有两个单独的参数。 现在它接受一个参数在第一个=号上分裂。
作为构建过程的一部分，您可以使用它设置版本字符串变量。您可以使用-ldflags将其传递给go工具。例如，给定以下源文件:
package main
import "fmt"
var xyz string
func main() {
fmt.Println(xyz)
}
然后:
$ go run -ldflags "-X main.xyz=abc" main.go
abc
以定主。在构建时修改构建日期和时间:
go build -ldflags "-X main.minversion=`date -u +.%Y%m%d.%H%M%S`" service.go
如果编译时没有初始化main。以这种方式Minversion，它将包含空字符串。
使用ldflags设置主包中的变量:
使用文件main.go:
package main
import "fmt"
var (
version string
build string
)
func main() {
fmt.Println("version=", version)
fmt.Println("build=", build)
}
然后运行:
go run \
-ldflags "-X main.version=1.0.0 -X main.build=12082019" \
main.go
构建:
go build -o mybinary \
-ldflags "-X main.version=1.0.0 -X 'main.build=$(date)'" \
main.go
使用ldflags在非主包中设置变量:
使用config.go文件:
package config
import "fmt"
var (
Version string
)
func LogVersion() {
fmt.Println("version=", Version)
}
你还需要文件main.go:
package main
import (
"fmt"
"github.com/user/repo/config"
}
func main() {
config.LogVersion()
}
首先构建二进制文件:
go build -o mybinary main.go
找到要设置的变量名的完整路径:
go tool nm <path_to_binary> | grep Version
运行并重新构建二进制文件，但是使用ldflags:
go run \
-ldflags "-X github.com/user/repo/config.Version=1.0.0" \
main.go --version
go build -o mybinary \
-ldflags "-X github.com/user/repo/config.Version=1.0.0" \
main.go
灵感来自https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/GcToolchainTricks#including-build-information-in-the-executable
如果你正在使用goreleaser，请阅读https://goreleaser.com/environment/#using-the-mainversion:
默认的GoReleaser设置了三个ldflags: 主要。version:当前Git标签 main.commit:当前git提交SHA 主要。日期:根据RFC3339的日期
如果您想查看实际操作，请访问https://github.com/hoto/fuzzy-repo-finder/blob/master/pkg/config/config.go
另外，我想发布一个如何使用git和makefile的小例子:
--- Makefile ----
# This how we want to name the binary output
BINARY=gomake
# These are the values we want to pass for VERSION and BUILD
# git tag 1.0.1
# git commit -am "One more change after the tags"
VERSION=`git describe --tags`
BUILD=`date +%FT%T%z`
# Setup the -ldflags option for go build here, interpolate the variable values
LDFLAGS_f1=-ldflags "-w -s -X main.Version=${VERSION} -X main.Build=${BUILD} -X main.Entry=f1"
LDFLAGS_f2=-ldflags "-w -s -X main.Version=${VERSION} -X main.Build=${BUILD} -X main.Entry=f2"
# Builds the project
build:
go build ${LDFLAGS_f1} -o ${BINARY}_f1
go build ${LDFLAGS_f2} -o ${BINARY}_f2
# Installs our project: copies binaries
install:
go install ${LDFLAGS_f1}
# Cleans our project: deletes binaries
clean:
if [ -f ${BINARY} ] ; then rm ${BINARY} ; fi
.PHONY: clean install
make文件将创建两个可执行文件。一个是执行函数1，另一个将函数2作为主要入口:
package main
import (
"fmt"
)
var (
Version string
Build string
Entry string
funcs = map[string]func() {
"f1":functionOne,"f2":functionTwo,
}
)
func functionOne() {
fmt.Println("This is function one")
}
func functionTwo() {
fmt.Println("This is function two")
}
func main() {
fmt.Println("Version: ", Version)
fmt.Println("Build Time: ", Build)
funcs[Entry]()
}
然后运行:
make
你会得到:
mab@h2470988:~/projects/go/gomake/3/gomake$ ls -al
total 2020
drwxrwxr-x 3 mab mab 4096 Sep 7 22:41 .
drwxrwxr-x 3 mab mab 4096 Aug 16 10:00 ..
drwxrwxr-x 8 mab mab 4096 Aug 17 16:40 .git
-rwxrwxr-x 1 mab mab 1023488 Sep 7 22:41 gomake_f1
-rwxrwxr-x 1 mab mab 1023488 Sep 7 22:41 gomake_f2
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mab mab 399 Aug 16 10:21 main.go
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mab mab 810 Sep 7 22:41 Makefile
mab@h2470988:~/projects/go/gomake/3/gomake$ ./gomake_f1
Version: 1.0.1-1-gfb51187
Build Time: 2016-09-07T22:41:38+0200
This is function one
mab@h2470988:~/projects/go/gomake/3/gomake$ ./gomake_f2
Version: 1.0.1-1-gfb51187
Build Time: 2016-09-07T22:41:39+0200
This is function two
在其他答案的基础上，在最近的go版本中，也可以向ELF段编写buildid语句——尽管在程序中不太容易读取。
我写了相同的值给两者，使用如下的东西:
BuildInfo:= "BUILD #x, branch @ rev built yymmdd hh:mm:ss"
// note the nested quotes "''" required to get a string with
// spaces passed correctly to the underlying tool
ldFl := fmt.Sprintf("-X 'main.buildId=%s' -s -w '-buildid=%s'", BuildInfo, BuildInfo)
args := []string{
"build",
"-ldflags", ldFl,
"-trimpath",
"-gcflags", "-dwarf=false",
}
buildpath:="path/to/my/cmd"
args=append(args,buildpath)
buildCmd:=exec.Command("go", args...)
我使用mage，一个用go编写的构建工具。您不需要上面的额外标志，但我选择这些标志是从发布二进制文件中尽可能多地剥离信息。
(题外话:与Make相比，Mage需要更多的前期工作，但比基于Make的构建系统更容易扩展/维护-另外，你不必在go和其他语法之间切换思维。)
