我正在Ubuntu系统上工作,目前我正在做的是:
if ! which command > /dev/null; then
echo -e "Command not found! Install? (y/n) \c"
read
if "$REPLY" = "y"; then
sudo apt-get install command
fi
fi
大多数人都会这么做吗?还是有更优雅的解决方案?
我正在Ubuntu系统上工作,目前我正在做的是:
if ! which command > /dev/null; then
echo -e "Command not found! Install? (y/n) \c"
read
if "$REPLY" = "y"; then
sudo apt-get install command
fi
fi
大多数人都会这么做吗?还是有更优雅的解决方案?
当前回答
有点以你的为基础,只是更“优雅”一点。只是因为我很无聊。
#!/bin/bash
FOUND=("\033[38;5;10m")
NOTFOUND=("\033[38;5;9m")
PKG="${@:1}"
command ${PKG} &>/dev/null
if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
echo -e "${NOTFOUND}[!] ${PKG} not found [!]"
echo -e "${NOTFOUND}[!] Would you like to install ${PKG} now ? [!]"
read -p "[Y/N] >$ " ANSWER
if [[ ${ANSWER} == [yY] || ${ANSWER} == [yY][eE][sS] ]]; then
if grep -q "bian" /etc/os-release; then
sudo apt-get install ${PKG}
elif grep -q "arch" /etc/os-release; then
if [[ -f /bin/yay ]] || [[ -f /bin/yaourt ]]; then
yaourt -S ${PKG} 2>./err || yay -S ${PKG} 2>./err
else
sudo pacman -S ${PKG}
fi
elif grep -q "fedora" /etc/os-release; then
sudo dnf install ${PKG}
else
echo -e "${NOTFOUND}[!] This script couldn't detect your package manager [!]"
echo -e "${NOTFOUND}[!] Manually install it [!]"
fi
elif [[ ${ANSWER} == [nN] || ${ANSWER} == [nN][oO] ]]; then
echo -e "${NOTFOUND}[!] Exiting [!]"
fi
else
echo -e "${FOUND}[+] ${PKG} found [+]"
fi
其他回答
我根据Nultyi的回答选择了一个:
MISSING=$(dpkg --get-selections $PACKAGES 2>&1 | grep -v 'install$' | awk '{ print $6 }')
# Optional check here to skip bothering with apt-get if $MISSING is empty
sudo apt-get install $MISSING
基本上,来自dpkg——get-selections的错误消息比其他大多数错误消息更容易解析,因为它不包括“deinstall”这样的状态。它还可以同时检查多个包,这是仅使用错误代码无法做到的。
解释/例子:
$ dpkg --get-selections python3-venv python3-dev screen build-essential jq
dpkg: no packages found matching python3-venv
dpkg: no packages found matching python3-dev
screen install
build-essential install
dpkg: no packages found matching jq
因此grep从列表中删除已安装的包,awk从错误消息中提取包名,导致MISSING='python3-venv python3-dev jq',它可以简单地插入到安装命令中。
我不是盲目地发布apt-get install $PACKAGES,因为正如评论中提到的,这可能会意外地升级你没有计划的包;对于期望稳定的自动化流程来说,这并不是一个好主意。
我使用以下方法:
which mySQL 2>&1|tee 1> /dev/null
if [[ "$?" == 0 ]]; then
echo -e "\e[42m MySQL already installed. Moving on...\e[0m"
else
sudo apt-get install -y mysql-server
if [[ "$?" == 0 ]]; then
echo -e "\e[42mMy SQL installed\e[0m"
else
echo -e "\e[42Installation failed\e[0m"
fi
fi
这一行代码为“nano”包返回1(已安装)或0(未安装)…
$(dpkg-query -W -f='${Status}' nano 2>/dev/null | grep -c "ok installed")
即使包不存在或不可用。
下面的例子将安装'nano'包,如果它没有安装…
if [ $(dpkg-query -W -f='${Status}' nano 2>/dev/null | grep -c "ok installed") -eq 0 ];
then
apt-get install nano;
fi
对于Ubuntu来说,apt提供了一种相当不错的方式来做到这一点。下面是谷歌Chrome浏览器的一个例子:
grep -qE "(已安装|upgradeable)"|| apt-get install google-chrome-stable
我将错误输出重定向为null,因为apt警告不要使用其“不稳定的cli”。我怀疑列表包是稳定的,所以我认为可以扔掉这个警告。qq让apt变得超级安静。
Use:
apt-cache policy <package_name>
如果没有安装,它将显示:
Installed: none
否则它将显示:
Installed: version