我认为这和PEP 227有关

Names in class scope are not accessible. Names are resolved in the innermost enclosing function scope. If a class definition occurs in a chain of nested scopes, the resolution process skips class definitions. This rule prevents odd interactions between class attributes and local variable access. If a name binding operation occurs in a class definition, it creates an attribute on the resulting class object. To access this variable in a method, or in a function nested within a method, an attribute reference must be used, either via self or via the class name.

我建议大家应该读读Guido van Rossum关于这个话题的博客——为什么外显的自我必须留下来。

When a method definition is decorated, we don't know whether to automatically give it a 'self' parameter or not: the decorator could turn the function into a static method (which has no 'self'), or a class method (which has a funny kind of self that refers to a class instead of an instance), or it could do something completely different (it's trivial to write a decorator that implements '@classmethod' or '@staticmethod' in pure Python). There's no way without knowing what the decorator does whether to endow the method being defined with an implicit 'self' argument or not. I reject hacks like special-casing '@classmethod' and '@staticmethod'.

我认为这和PEP 227有关

Names in class scope are not accessible. Names are resolved in the innermost enclosing function scope. If a class definition occurs in a chain of nested scopes, the resolution process skips class definitions. This rule prevents odd interactions between class attributes and local variable access. If a name binding operation occurs in a class definition, it creates an attribute on the resulting class object. To access this variable in a method, or in a function nested within a method, an attribute reference must be used, either via self or via the class name.

还有另一个非常简单的答案:根据python的禅宗，“显式比隐式好”。

我喜欢引用彼得斯的《Python禅》。“明确的比含蓄的好。”

在Java和c++中，'this。'可以被推导出来，除非你的变量名使它无法推导。所以你有时需要它，有时不需要。

Python选择显式地做这样的事情，而不是基于规则。

此外，由于没有隐含或假设任何内容，部分实现将被公开。自我。__class__进行自我。__dict__和其他“内部”结构可以以一种明显的方式使用。

self形参保存当前调用对象。

class class_name:
    class_variable
    def method_name(self,arg):
        self.var=arg 
obj=class_name()
obj.method_name()

在这里，self参数保存对象obj。因此，语句self。Var表示obj.var