你可以使用打字。NamedTuple

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namedtuple的类型化版本。

>>> import typing
>>> Point = typing.NamedTuple("Point", [('x', int), ('y', int)])

这只在Python 3.5以后才有

自3.6以来，类型化命名元组的首选语法是

from typing import NamedTuple

class Point(NamedTuple):
    x: int
    y: int = 1  # Set default value

Point(3)  # -> Point(x=3, y=1)

编辑 从Python 3.7开始，考虑使用数据类(你的IDE可能还不支持它们进行静态类型检查):

from dataclasses import dataclass

@dataclass
class Point:
    x: int
    y: int = 1  # Set default value

Point(3)  # -> Point(x=3, y=1)

为了公平起见，NamedTuple从输入:

>>> from typing import NamedTuple
>>> class Point(NamedTuple):
...     x: int
...     y: int = 1  # Set default value
...
>>> Point(3)
Point(x=3, y=1)

等于经典的namedtuple:

>>> from collections import namedtuple
>>> p = namedtuple('Point', 'x,y', defaults=(1, ))
>>> p.__annotations__ = {'x': int, 'y': int}
>>> p(3)
Point(x=3, y=1)

NamedTuple只是NamedTuple的语法糖

下面，你可以从python 3.10的源代码中找到一个创建NamedTuple函数。如我们所见，它使用collections.namedtuple构造函数，并从提取的类型中添加__annotations__:

def _make_nmtuple(name, types, module, defaults = ()):
    fields = [n for n, t in types]
    types = {n: _type_check(t, f"field {n} annotation must be a type")
             for n, t in types}
    nm_tpl = collections.namedtuple(name, fields,
                                    defaults=defaults, module=module)
    nm_tpl.__annotations__ = nm_tpl.__new__.__annotations__ = types
    return nm_tpl