有人知道一个快速简单的方法来迁移SQLite3数据库到MySQL吗?
当前回答
如果你使用的是Python/Django，这很简单:
在settings.py中创建两个数据库(如https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/db/multi-db/)
然后就这样做:
objlist = ModelObject.objects.using('sqlite').all()
for obj in objlist:
obj.save(using='mysql')
其他回答
每个人似乎都是从一些grep和perl表达式开始的，你可能会得到一些适用于特定数据集的东西，但你不知道它是否正确地导入了数据。我真的很惊讶没有人建立一个可靠的库，可以在两者之间转换。
这里列出了我所知道的两种文件格式之间SQL语法的所有差异: 以以下几行开头:
开始事务 提交 sqlite_sequence 创建唯一索引
在MySQL中不使用
SQLite uses CREATE TABLE/INSERT INTO "table_name" and MySQL uses CREATE TABLE/INSERT INTO table_name MySQL doesn't use quotes inside the schema definition MySQL uses single quotes for strings inside the INSERT INTO clauses SQLite and MySQL have different ways of escaping strings inside INSERT INTO clauses SQLite uses 't' and 'f' for booleans, MySQL uses 1 and 0 (a simple regex for this can fail when you have a string like: 'I do, you don't' inside your INSERT INTO) SQLLite uses AUTOINCREMENT, MySQL uses AUTO_INCREMENT
这是一个非常基本的perl脚本，它适用于我的数据集，并检查了我在网上找到的其他perl脚本的更多这些条件。Nu保证它将为您的数据工作，但请随意修改和发布回这里。
#! /usr/bin/perl
while ($line = <>){
if (($line !~ /BEGIN TRANSACTION/) && ($line !~ /COMMIT/) && ($line !~ /sqlite_sequence/) && ($line !~ /CREATE UNIQUE INDEX/)){
if ($line =~ /CREATE TABLE \"([a-z_]*)\"(.*)/i){
$name = $1;
$sub = $2;
$sub =~ s/\"//g;
$line = "DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $name;\nCREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $name$sub\n";
}
elsif ($line =~ /INSERT INTO \"([a-z_]*)\"(.*)/i){
$line = "INSERT INTO $1$2\n";
$line =~ s/\"/\\\"/g;
$line =~ s/\"/\'/g;
}else{
$line =~ s/\'\'/\\\'/g;
}
$line =~ s/([^\\'])\'t\'(.)/$1THIS_IS_TRUE$2/g;
$line =~ s/THIS_IS_TRUE/1/g;
$line =~ s/([^\\'])\'f\'(.)/$1THIS_IS_FALSE$2/g;
$line =~ s/THIS_IS_FALSE/0/g;
$line =~ s/AUTOINCREMENT/AUTO_INCREMENT/g;
print $line;
}
}
我用Python3编写了这个简单的脚本。它可以作为包含的类或通过终端shell调用的独立脚本使用。默认情况下，它将所有整数导入为int(11)，将字符串导入为varchar(300)，但所有这些都可以分别在构造函数或脚本参数中进行调整。
注意:它需要MySQL连接器/Python 2.0.4或更高版本
如果你觉得下面的代码很难阅读，这是GitHub上的源代码链接:https://github.com/techouse/sqlite3-to-mysql
#!/usr/bin/env python3
__author__ = "Klemen Tušar"
__email__ = "techouse@gmail.com"
__copyright__ = "GPL"
__version__ = "1.0.1"
__date__ = "2015-09-12"
__status__ = "Production"
import os.path, sqlite3, mysql.connector
from mysql.connector import errorcode
class SQLite3toMySQL:
"""
Use this class to transfer an SQLite 3 database to MySQL.
NOTE: Requires MySQL Connector/Python 2.0.4 or higher (https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/python/)
"""
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
self._properties = kwargs
self._sqlite_file = self._properties.get('sqlite_file', None)
if not os.path.isfile(self._sqlite_file):
print('SQLite file does not exist!')
exit(1)
self._mysql_user = self._properties.get('mysql_user', None)
if self._mysql_user is None:
print('Please provide a MySQL user!')
exit(1)
self._mysql_password = self._properties.get('mysql_password', None)
if self._mysql_password is None:
print('Please provide a MySQL password')
exit(1)
self._mysql_database = self._properties.get('mysql_database', 'transfer')
self._mysql_host = self._properties.get('mysql_host', 'localhost')
self._mysql_integer_type = self._properties.get('mysql_integer_type', 'int(11)')
self._mysql_string_type = self._properties.get('mysql_string_type', 'varchar(300)')
self._sqlite = sqlite3.connect(self._sqlite_file)
self._sqlite.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
self._sqlite_cur = self._sqlite.cursor()
self._mysql = mysql.connector.connect(
user=self._mysql_user,
password=self._mysql_password,
host=self._mysql_host
)
self._mysql_cur = self._mysql.cursor(prepared=True)
try:
self._mysql.database = self._mysql_database
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
if err.errno == errorcode.ER_BAD_DB_ERROR:
self._create_database()
else:
print(err)
exit(1)
def _create_database(self):
try:
self._mysql_cur.execute("CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS `{}` DEFAULT CHARACTER SET 'utf8'".format(self._mysql_database))
self._mysql_cur.close()
self._mysql.commit()
self._mysql.database = self._mysql_database
self._mysql_cur = self._mysql.cursor(prepared=True)
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
print('_create_database failed creating databse {}: {}'.format(self._mysql_database, err))
exit(1)
def _create_table(self, table_name):
primary_key = ''
sql = 'CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `{}` ( '.format(table_name)
self._sqlite_cur.execute('PRAGMA table_info("{}")'.format(table_name))
for row in self._sqlite_cur.fetchall():
column = dict(row)
sql += ' `{name}` {type} {notnull} {auto_increment}, '.format(
name=column['name'],
type=self._mysql_string_type if column['type'].upper() == 'TEXT' else self._mysql_integer_type,
notnull='NOT NULL' if column['notnull'] else 'NULL',
auto_increment='AUTO_INCREMENT' if column['pk'] else ''
)
if column['pk']:
primary_key = column['name']
sql += ' PRIMARY KEY (`{}`) ) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET utf8'.format(primary_key)
try:
self._mysql_cur.execute(sql)
self._mysql.commit()
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
print('_create_table failed creating table {}: {}'.format(table_name, err))
exit(1)
def transfer(self):
self._sqlite_cur.execute("SELECT name FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table' AND name NOT LIKE 'sqlite_%'")
for row in self._sqlite_cur.fetchall():
table = dict(row)
# create the table
self._create_table(table['name'])
# populate it
print('Transferring table {}'.format(table['name']))
self._sqlite_cur.execute('SELECT * FROM "{}"'.format(table['name']))
columns = [column[0] for column in self._sqlite_cur.description]
try:
self._mysql_cur.executemany("INSERT IGNORE INTO `{table}` ({fields}) VALUES ({placeholders})".format(
table=table['name'],
fields=('`{}`, ' * len(columns)).rstrip(' ,').format(*columns),
placeholders=('%s, ' * len(columns)).rstrip(' ,')
), (tuple(data) for data in self._sqlite_cur.fetchall()))
self._mysql.commit()
except mysql.connector.Error as err:
print('_insert_table_data failed inserting data into table {}: {}'.format(table['name'], err))
exit(1)
print('Done!')
def main():
""" For use in standalone terminal form """
import sys, argparse
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--sqlite-file', dest='sqlite_file', default=None, help='SQLite3 db file')
parser.add_argument('--mysql-user', dest='mysql_user', default=None, help='MySQL user')
parser.add_argument('--mysql-password', dest='mysql_password', default=None, help='MySQL password')
parser.add_argument('--mysql-database', dest='mysql_database', default=None, help='MySQL host')
parser.add_argument('--mysql-host', dest='mysql_host', default='localhost', help='MySQL host')
parser.add_argument('--mysql-integer-type', dest='mysql_integer_type', default='int(11)', help='MySQL default integer field type')
parser.add_argument('--mysql-string-type', dest='mysql_string_type', default='varchar(300)', help='MySQL default string field type')
args = parser.parse_args()
if len(sys.argv) == 1:
parser.print_help()
exit(1)
converter = SQLite3toMySQL(
sqlite_file=args.sqlite_file,
mysql_user=args.mysql_user,
mysql_password=args.mysql_password,
mysql_database=args.mysql_database,
mysql_host=args.mysql_host,
mysql_integer_type=args.mysql_integer_type,
mysql_string_type=args.mysql_string_type
)
converter.transfer()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
哈……我希望我先发现这个!我对这篇文章的回应是……脚本转换mysql转储SQL文件的格式，可以导入到sqlite3 db
这两者的结合正是我所需要的:
当sqlite3数据库将与ruby一起使用时，您可能需要更改:
tinyint([0-9]*)
to:
sed 's/ tinyint(1*) / boolean/g ' |
sed 's/ tinyint([0|2-9]*) / integer /g' |
唉，这只是一半的工作，因为即使你插入1和0到一个标记为布尔的字段，sqlite3将它们存储为1和0，所以你必须通过并做一些类似的事情:
Table.find(:all, :conditions => {:column => 1 }).each { |t| t.column = true }.each(&:save)
Table.find(:all, :conditions => {:column => 0 }).each { |t| t.column = false}.each(&:save)
但是通过查看SQL文件来查找所有布尔值是很有帮助的。
这个脚本是可以的，除了这种情况，当然，我遇到过:
INSERT INTO "requestcomparison_stopword" VALUES(149,'f'); INSERT INTO "requestcomparison_stopword" VALUES(420,'t');
脚本应该给出这样的输出:
INSERT INTO requestcomparison_stopword VALUES(149,'f'); INSERT INTO requestcomparison_stopword VALUES(420,'t');
而是给出了输出:
INSERT INTO requestcomparison_stopword VALUES(1490; INSERT INTO requestcomparison_stopword VALUES(4201;
最后0和1周围有一些奇怪的非ascii字符。
当我注释以下代码行(43-46)时，这不再出现，但出现了其他问题:
行= re.sub (r”([^”)“t”(.)”、“this_is_true 1 \ \ 2”、线) Line = Line。替换(' THIS_IS_TRUE ', ' 1 ') 行= re.sub (r”([^])的f '(。)”、“this_is_false 1 \ \ 2”、线) Line = Line。替换(“THIS_IS_FALSE ', ' 0 ')
这只是一个特殊的情况，当我们想要添加一个值是“f”或“t”，但我不太习惯正则表达式，我只是想发现这种情况由某人纠正。
无论如何，非常感谢这个方便的脚本!!
echo ".dump" | sqlite3 /tmp/db.sqlite > db.sql
注意CREATE语句
