根据@Livven的回答，这里有一些有用的组合。

variable substitution, leading tab retained, overwrite file, echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<EOF ${variable} EOF no variable substitution, leading tab retained, overwrite file, echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<'EOF' ${variable} EOF variable substitution, leading tab removed, overwrite file, echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<-EOF ${variable} EOF variable substitution, leading tab retained, append to file, echo to stdout tee -a /path/to/file <<EOF ${variable} EOF variable substitution, leading tab retained, overwrite file, no echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<EOF >/dev/null ${variable} EOF the above can be combined with sudo as well sudo -u USER tee /path/to/file <<EOF ${variable} EOF

阅读高级bash脚本编写指南第19章。这里的文档。

下面是一个将内容写入/tmp/yourfilehere文件的示例

cat << EOF > /tmp/yourfilehere
These contents will be written to the file.
        This line is indented.
EOF

注意，最后的'EOF'(限制字符串)在单词前面不应该有任何空白，因为这意味着限制字符串将不会被识别。

在shell脚本中，您可能希望使用缩进来使代码可读，但这可能会产生对here文档中的文本缩进的不良影响。在这种情况下，使用<<-(后面跟着破折号)禁用开头的制表符(注意，为了测试这一点，您需要用制表符替换开头的空白，因为我不能在这里打印实际的制表符)。

#!/usr/bin/env bash

if true ; then
    cat <<- EOF > /tmp/yourfilehere
    The leading tab is ignored.
    EOF
fi

如果你不想解释文本中的变量，那么使用单引号:

cat << 'EOF' > /tmp/yourfilehere
The variable $FOO will not be interpreted.
EOF

通过命令管道来管道heredoc:

cat <<'EOF' |  sed 's/a/b/'
foo
bar
baz
EOF

输出:

foo
bbr
bbz

．.． 或者使用sudo将heredoc写入文件:

cat <<'EOF' |  sed 's/a/b/' | sudo tee /etc/config_file.conf
foo
bar
baz
EOF

当需要root权限时

当目标文件需要root权限时，使用|sudo tee而不是>:

cat << 'EOF' |sudo tee /tmp/yourprotectedfilehere
The variable $FOO will *not* be interpreted.
EOF

cat << "EOF" |sudo tee /tmp/yourprotectedfilehere
The variable $FOO *will* be interpreted.
EOF

注意:

以下是本主题中其他答案的浓缩和组织，尤其是Stefan Lasiewski和Serge Stroobandt的优秀作品 Lasiewski和我推荐高级bash脚本编写指南中的Ch 19 (Here Documents)

问题(如何在bash脚本中将here文档(又名heredoc)写入文件?)有(至少)3个主要的独立维度或子问题:

要覆盖现有文件、追加到现有文件还是写入新文件? 您的用户或其他用户(例如root)拥有该文件吗? 您是想按字面意思写heredoc的内容，还是让bash在heredoc内解释变量引用?

(还有其他我认为不重要的方面/子问题。考虑编辑这个答案来添加它们!)下面是上面列出的问题的一些更重要的维度组合，使用各种不同的分隔标识符——关于EOF没有什么神圣的，只要确保你用作分隔标识符的字符串没有出现在你的heredoc中:

To overwrite an existing file (or write to a new file) that you own, substituting variable references inside the heredoc: cat << EOF > /path/to/your/file This line will write to the file. ${THIS} will also write to the file, with the variable contents substituted. EOF To append an existing file (or write to a new file) that you own, substituting variable references inside the heredoc: cat << FOE >> /path/to/your/file This line will write to the file. ${THIS} will also write to the file, with the variable contents substituted. FOE To overwrite an existing file (or write to a new file) that you own, with the literal contents of the heredoc: cat << 'END_OF_FILE' > /path/to/your/file This line will write to the file. ${THIS} will also write to the file, without the variable contents substituted. END_OF_FILE To append an existing file (or write to a new file) that you own, with the literal contents of the heredoc: cat << 'eof' >> /path/to/your/file This line will write to the file. ${THIS} will also write to the file, without the variable contents substituted. eof To overwrite an existing file (or write to a new file) owned by root, substituting variable references inside the heredoc: cat << until_it_ends | sudo tee /path/to/your/file This line will write to the file. ${THIS} will also write to the file, with the variable contents substituted. until_it_ends To append an existing file (or write to a new file) owned by user=foo, with the literal contents of the heredoc: cat << 'Screw_you_Foo' | sudo -u foo tee -a /path/to/your/file This line will write to the file. ${THIS} will also write to the file, without the variable contents substituted. Screw_you_Foo

如果你想保持heredoc的缩进可读性:

$ perl -pe 's/^\s*//' << EOF
     line 1
     line 2
EOF

Bash中支持缩进式heredoc的内置方法只支持开头制表符，不支持空格。

Perl可以用awk代替，以节省几个字符，但是如果您知道基本的正则表达式，Perl可能更容易记住。

根据@Livven的回答，这里有一些有用的组合。

variable substitution, leading tab retained, overwrite file, echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<EOF ${variable} EOF no variable substitution, leading tab retained, overwrite file, echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<'EOF' ${variable} EOF variable substitution, leading tab removed, overwrite file, echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<-EOF ${variable} EOF variable substitution, leading tab retained, append to file, echo to stdout tee -a /path/to/file <<EOF ${variable} EOF variable substitution, leading tab retained, overwrite file, no echo to stdout tee /path/to/file <<EOF >/dev/null ${variable} EOF the above can be combined with sudo as well sudo -u USER tee /path/to/file <<EOF ${variable} EOF