理解Java中的检查异常和未检查异常

约书亚·布洛赫在《有效的Java》中说过

为以下情况使用检查异常可恢复条件和运行时编程错误的例外 (第二版第58项)

看看我理解的对不对。

以下是我对受控异常的理解:

try{
    String userInput = //read in user input
    Long id = Long.parseLong(userInput);
}catch(NumberFormatException e){
    id = 0; //recover the situation by setting the id to 0
}

1. 上述异常是否被认为是受控异常?

2. RuntimeException是未检查的异常吗?

以下是我对未检查异常的理解:

try{
    File file = new File("my/file/path");
    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);   
}catch(FileNotFoundException e){

//3. What should I do here?
    //Should I "throw new FileNotFoundException("File not found");"?
    //Should I log?
    //Or should I System.exit(0);?
}

4. 现在，上面的代码不能也是一个受控异常吗?我可以试着挽回这样的局面吗?我可以吗?(注:我的第三个问题在上面的陷阱里)

try{
    String filePath = //read in from user input file path
    File file = new File(filePath);
    FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);   
}catch(FileNotFoundException e){
    //Kindly prompt the user an error message
    //Somehow ask the user to re-enter the file path.
}

5. 人们为什么要这样做?

public void someMethod throws Exception{

}

为什么他们让异常冒出来?早点处理错误不是更好吗?为什么要冒出来?

6. 我是否应该冒泡出确切的异常或使用异常掩盖它?

以下是我的阅读资料

在Java中，什么时候应该创建检查异常，什么时候应该是运行时异常?

何时选择已检查异常和未检查异常

当前回答

为什么他们让异常冒出来?早点处理错误不是更好吗?为什么要冒出来?

For example let say you have some client-server application and client had made a request for some resource that couldn't be find out or for something else error some might have occurred at the server side while processing the user request then it is the duty of the server to tell the client why he couldn't get the thing he requested for,so to achieve that at server side, code is written to throw the exception using throw keyword instead of swallowing or handling it.if server handles it/swallow it, then there will be no chance of intimating to the client that what error had occurred.

注意:为了清楚地描述发生的错误类型，我们可以创建自己的Exception对象并将其抛出给客户端。

2014-08-04 10:22:39

其他回答

检查异常:

The exceptions which are checked by the compiler for smooth execution of the program at runtime are called Checked Exception. These occur at compile time. If these are not handled properly, they will give compile time error (Not Exception). All subclasses of Exception class except RuntimeException are Checked Exception. Hypothetical Example - Suppose you are leaving your house for the exam, but if you check whether you took your Hall Ticket at home(compile time) then there won't be any problem at Exam Hall(runtime).

未检查异常:

The exceptions which are not checked by the compiler are called Unchecked Exceptions. These occur at runtime. If these exceptions are not handled properly, they don’t give compile time error. But the program will be terminated prematurely at runtime. All subclasses of RunTimeException and Error are unchecked exceptions. Hypothetical Example - Suppose you are in your exam hall but somehow your school had a fire accident (means at runtime) where you can't do anything at that time but precautions can be made before (compile time).

2018-01-09 17:56:17

如果有人想要另一个不喜欢受控异常的证明，请参阅流行JSON库的前几段:

虽然这是一个受控异常，但它很少是可恢复的。大多数调用方应该简单地将此异常包装在未检查的异常中并重新抛出:"

那么，如果我们应该“简单地包装它”，为什么世界上有人会让开发人员不断检查异常呢?哈哈

http://developer.android.com/reference/org/json/JSONException.html

2014-04-08 02:58:23

需要指出的是，如果在代码中抛出一个受控异常，而catch在上面几层，则需要在您和catch之间的每个方法的签名中声明异常。因此，封装被破坏了，因为抛出路径中的所有函数都必须知道该异常的详细信息。

2016-10-18 23:09:56

已检查-容易发生。在编译时选中。

小薇。FileOperations

未检查-由于不良数据。在运行时签入。

如. .

String s = "abc";
Object o = s;
Integer i = (Integer) o;

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: java.lang.String cannot be cast to java.lang.Integer
    at Sample.main(Sample.java:9)

这里的异常是由于错误的数据，在编译时无法确定。

2015-07-24 16:58:37

某个异常是否为“受控异常”与是否捕获它或在捕获块中做了什么无关。它是异常类的属性。Exception的子类，除了RuntimeException及其子类，都是受控异常。

Java编译器迫使您要么捕获已检查的异常，要么在方法签名中声明它们。它本应提高程序的安全性，但大多数人的意见似乎是，它不值得它带来的设计问题。

为什么他们让异常冒泡起来吗?不是处理错误越快更好吗?为什么要冒出来?

因为这就是例外的意义所在。如果没有这种可能性，就不需要异常。它们使您能够在您选择的级别上处理错误，而不是强迫您在错误最初发生的低级方法中处理它们。

2011-05-24 19:53:17

理解Java中的检查异常和未检查异常

推荐文章

最新文章

标签