使用@property和@attribute。Setter不仅可以帮助您使用“pythonic”方式，还可以在创建对象和更改对象时检查属性的有效性。

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, p_name=None):
        self.name = p_name

    @property
    def name(self):
        return self._name

    @name.setter
    def name(self, new_name):
        if type(new_name) == str: #type checking for name property
            self._name = new_name
        else:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for name")

通过这种方式，您实际上可以向客户端开发人员“隐藏”_name属性，并对name属性类型进行检查。请注意，即使在初始化过程中也会调用setter。所以:

p = Person(12)

会导致:

Exception: Invalid value for name

But:

>>>p = person('Mike')
>>>print(p.name)
Mike
>>>p.name = 'George'
>>>print(p.name)
George
>>>p.name = 2.3 # Causes an exception

试试这个:Python属性

示例代码如下:

class C(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self._x = None

    @property
    def x(self):
        """I'm the 'x' property."""
        print("getter of x called")
        return self._x

    @x.setter
    def x(self, value):
        print("setter of x called")
        self._x = value

    @x.deleter
    def x(self):
        print("deleter of x called")
        del self._x


c = C()
c.x = 'foo'  # setter called
foo = c.x    # getter called
del c.x      # deleter called

In [1]: class test(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.pants = 'pants'
    @property
    def p(self):
        return self.pants
    @p.setter
    def p(self, value):
        self.pants = value * 2
   ....: 
In [2]: t = test()
In [3]: t.p
Out[3]: 'pants'
In [4]: t.p = 10
In [5]: t.p
Out[5]: 20

属性非常有用，因为你可以在赋值时使用它们，但也可以包括验证。你可以看到这段代码使用了装饰器@property和@<property_name>。Setter来创建方法:

# Python program displaying the use of @property 
class AgeSet:
    def __init__(self):
        self._age = 0

    # using property decorator a getter function
    @property
    def age(self):
        print("getter method called")
        return self._age

    # a setter function
    @age.setter
    def age(self, a):
        if(a < 18):
            raise ValueError("Sorry your age is below eligibility criteria")
        print("setter method called")
        self._age = a

pkj = AgeSet()

pkj.age = int(input("set the age using setter: "))

print(pkj.age)

在我写的这篇文章中也有更多的细节:https://pythonhowtoprogram.com/how-to-create-getter-setter-class-properties-in-python-3/

使用@property和@attribute。Setter不仅可以帮助您使用“pythonic”方式，还可以在创建对象和更改对象时检查属性的有效性。

class Person(object):
    def __init__(self, p_name=None):
        self.name = p_name

    @property
    def name(self):
        return self._name

    @name.setter
    def name(self, new_name):
        if type(new_name) == str: #type checking for name property
            self._name = new_name
        else:
            raise Exception("Invalid value for name")

通过这种方式，您实际上可以向客户端开发人员“隐藏”_name属性，并对name属性类型进行检查。请注意，即使在初始化过程中也会调用setter。所以:

p = Person(12)

会导致:

Exception: Invalid value for name

But:

>>>p = person('Mike')
>>>print(p.name)
Mike
>>>p.name = 'George'
>>>print(p.name)
George
>>>p.name = 2.3 # Causes an exception

你可以使用神奇的方法__getattribute__和__setattr__。

class MyClass:
    def __init__(self, attrvalue):
        self.myattr = attrvalue
    def __getattribute__(self, attr):
        if attr == "myattr":
            #Getter for myattr
    def __setattr__(self, attr):
        if attr == "myattr":
            #Setter for myattr

注意__getattr__和__getattribute__是不同的。__getattr__只在未找到属性时调用。