有时你可以只检查第一个数组的Key是否为0。

$isSequential = array_keys($arr)[0] ===

，或更快，但更冗长的版本:

重置(arr);$isSequential = key($arr) === 0

PHP 8.1增加了一个内置函数来确定数组是否是具有这些语义的列表。函数是array_is_list:

$list = ["a", "b", "c"];

array_is_list($list); // true

$notAList = [1 => "a", 2 => "b", 3 => "c"];

array_is_list($notAList); // false

$alsoNotAList = ["a" => "a", "b" => "b", "c" => "c"];

array_is_list($alsoNotAList); // false

参考

检查数组是否有所有的关联键。使用stdClass & get_object_vars ^):

$assocArray = array('fruit1' => 'apple', 
                    'fruit2' => 'orange', 
                    'veg1' => 'tomato', 
                    'veg2' => 'carrot');

$assoc_object = (object) $assocArray;
$isAssoc = (count($assocArray) === count (get_object_vars($assoc_object)));  
var_dump($isAssoc); // true

为什么?函数get_object_vars只返回可访问的属性(请参阅在将数组转换为对象期间发生的更多信息)。然后，只是逻辑上:如果基本数组元素的计数等于对象的可访问属性的计数-所有键都是关联的。

一些测试:

$assocArray = array('apple', 'orange', 'tomato', 'carrot');
$assoc_object = (object) $assocArray; 
$isAssoc = (count($assocArray) === count (get_object_vars($assoc_object)));
var_dump($isAssoc); // false 
//...

$assocArray = array( 0 => 'apple', 'orange', 'tomato', '4' => 'carrot');
$assoc_object = (object) $assocArray; 
$isAssoc = (count($assocArray) === count (get_object_vars($assoc_object)));
var_dump($isAssoc); // false 

//... 
$assocArray = array('fruit1' => 'apple', 
                    NULL => 'orange', 
                    'veg1' => 'tomato', 
                    'veg2' => 'carrot');

$assoc_object = (object) $assocArray;
$isAssoc = (count($assocArray) === count (get_object_vars($assoc_object)));  
var_dump($isAssoc); //false

Etc.

还有另一种方法。

function array_isassociative($array)
{
    // Create new Array,  Make it the same size as the input array
    $compareArray = array_pad(array(), count($array), 0);

    // Compare the two array_keys
    return (count(array_diff_key($array, $compareArray))) ? true : false;

}

解决这个问题的一种方法是利用json_encode，它已经有自己的内部方法来区分关联数组和索引数组，以便输出正确的JSON。

可以通过检查编码后返回的第一个字符是{(关联数组)还是[(索引数组)来做到这一点。

// Too short :)
function is_assoc($arr) {
    ksort($arr);
    return json_encode($arr)[0] === '{';
}

我认为标量数组的定义因应用程序而异。也就是说，一些应用程序将需要更严格的定义标量数组，而一些应用程序将需要更宽松的定义。

下面我将介绍3种不同严格程度的方法。

<?php
/**
 * Since PHP stores all arrays as associative internally, there is no proper
 * definition of a scalar array.
 * 
 * As such, developers are likely to have varying definitions of scalar array,
 * based on their application needs.
 * 
 * In this file, I present 3 increasingly strict methods of determining if an
 * array is scalar.
 * 
 * @author David Farrell <DavidPFarrell@gmail.com>
 */

/**
 * isArrayWithOnlyIntKeys defines a scalar array as containing
 * only integer keys.
 * 
 * If you are explicitly setting integer keys on an array, you
 * may need this function to determine scalar-ness.
 * 
 * @param array $a
 * @return boolean
 */ 
function isArrayWithOnlyIntKeys(array $a)
{
    if (!is_array($a))
        return false;
    foreach ($a as $k => $v)
        if (!is_int($k))
            return false;
    return true;
}

/**
 * isArrayWithOnlyAscendingIntKeys defines a scalar array as
 * containing only integer keys in ascending (but not necessarily
 * sequential) order.
 * 
 * If you are performing pushes, pops, and unsets on your array,
 * you may need this function to determine scalar-ness.
 * 
 * @param array $a
 * @return boolean
 */ 
function isArrayWithOnlyAscendingIntKeys(array $a)
{
    if (!is_array($a))
        return false;
    $prev = null;
    foreach ($a as $k => $v)
    {
        if (!is_int($k) || (null !== $prev && $k <= $prev))
            return false;
        $prev = $k;
    }
    return true;
}

/**
 * isArrayWithOnlyZeroBasedSequentialIntKeys defines a scalar array
 * as containing only integer keys in sequential, ascending order,
 * starting from 0.
 * 
 * If you are only performing operations on your array that are
 * guaranteed to either maintain consistent key values, or that
 * re-base the keys for consistency, then you can use this function.
 * 
 * @param array $a
 * @return boolean
 */
function isArrayWithOnlyZeroBasedSequentialIntKeys(array $a)
{
    if (!is_array($a))
        return false;
    $i = 0;
    foreach ($a as $k => $v)
        if ($i++ !== $k)
            return false;
    return true;
}