下面是一个解决方案，它是标准库的一部分:

from distutils.dir_util import copy_tree
copy_tree("/a/b/c", "/x/y/z")

看这个类似的问题。

用python将目录内容复制到目录中

参考资料- https://docs.python.org/3/distutils/apiref.html#distutils.dir_util.copy_tree

Docs明确指出目标目录不应该存在:

以dst命名的目标目录必须不存在;它将被创建，同时还将创建缺失的父目录。

我觉得你最好的选择是。遍历第二个和所有后续目录、copy2目录和文件，并对目录执行额外的copyystat。毕竟，这正是copytree在文档中所做的解释。或者你可以复制和复制每个目录/文件和操作系统。而不是os.walk。

以前的解决方案有一些问题，src可能会覆盖dst没有任何通知或异常。

我添加了一个predict_error方法来在复制之前预测错误。复制树主要基于西里尔庞特维欧的版本。

首先使用predict_error预测所有错误是最好的，除非您希望在执行copytree直至修复所有错误时看到一个接一个地引发异常。

def predict_error(src, dst):  
    if os.path.exists(dst):
        src_isdir = os.path.isdir(src)
        dst_isdir = os.path.isdir(dst)
        if src_isdir and dst_isdir:
            pass
        elif src_isdir and not dst_isdir:
            yield {dst:'src is dir but dst is file.'}
        elif not src_isdir and dst_isdir:
            yield {dst:'src is file but dst is dir.'}
        else:
            yield {dst:'already exists a file with same name in dst'}

    if os.path.isdir(src):
        for item in os.listdir(src):
            s = os.path.join(src, item)
            d = os.path.join(dst, item)
            for e in predict_error(s, d):
                yield e


def copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None, overwrite=False):
    '''
    would overwrite if src and dst are both file
    but would not use folder overwrite file, or viceverse
    '''
    if not overwrite:
        errors = list(predict_error(src, dst))
        if errors:
            raise Exception('copy would overwrite some file, error detail:%s' % errors)

    if not os.path.exists(dst):
        os.makedirs(dst)
        shutil.copystat(src, dst)
    lst = os.listdir(src)
    if ignore:
        excl = ignore(src, lst)
        lst = [x for x in lst if x not in excl]
    for item in lst:
        s = os.path.join(src, item)
        d = os.path.join(dst, item)
        if symlinks and os.path.islink(s):
            if os.path.lexists(d):
                os.remove(d)
            os.symlink(os.readlink(s), d)
            try:
                st = os.lstat(s)
                mode = stat.S_IMODE(st.st_mode)
                os.lchmod(d, mode)
            except:
                pass  # lchmod not available
        elif os.path.isdir(s):
            copytree(s, d, symlinks, ignore)
        else:
            if not overwrite:
                if os.path.exists(d):
                    continue
            shutil.copy2(s, d)

这是我对这个问题的看法。我修改了copytree的源代码以保持原来的功能，但是现在当目录已经存在时不会发生错误。我还修改了它，这样它就不会覆盖现有的文件，而是保留两个副本，其中一个具有修改后的名称，因为这对我的应用程序很重要。

import shutil
import os


def _copytree(src, dst, symlinks=False, ignore=None):
    """
    This is an improved version of shutil.copytree which allows writing to
    existing folders and does not overwrite existing files but instead appends
    a ~1 to the file name and adds it to the destination path.
    """

    names = os.listdir(src)
    if ignore is not None:
        ignored_names = ignore(src, names)
    else:
        ignored_names = set()

    if not os.path.exists(dst):
        os.makedirs(dst)
        shutil.copystat(src, dst)
    errors = []
    for name in names:
        if name in ignored_names:
            continue
        srcname = os.path.join(src, name)
        dstname = os.path.join(dst, name)
        i = 1
        while os.path.exists(dstname) and not os.path.isdir(dstname):
            parts = name.split('.')
            file_name = ''
            file_extension = parts[-1]
            # make a new file name inserting ~1 between name and extension
            for j in range(len(parts)-1):
                file_name += parts[j]
                if j < len(parts)-2:
                    file_name += '.'
            suffix = file_name + '~' + str(i) + '.' + file_extension
            dstname = os.path.join(dst, suffix)
            i+=1
        try:
            if symlinks and os.path.islink(srcname):
                linkto = os.readlink(srcname)
                os.symlink(linkto, dstname)
            elif os.path.isdir(srcname):
                _copytree(srcname, dstname, symlinks, ignore)
            else:
                shutil.copy2(srcname, dstname)
        except (IOError, os.error) as why:
            errors.append((srcname, dstname, str(why)))
        # catch the Error from the recursive copytree so that we can
        # continue with other files
        except BaseException as err:
            errors.extend(err.args[0])
    try:
        shutil.copystat(src, dst)
    except WindowsError:
        # can't copy file access times on Windows
        pass
    except OSError as why:
        errors.extend((src, dst, str(why)))
    if errors:
        raise BaseException(errors)

试试这个:

import os,shutil

def copydir(src, dst):
  h = os.getcwd()
  src = r"{}".format(src)
  if not os.path.isdir(dst):
     print("\n[!] No Such directory: ["+dst+"] !!!")
     exit(1)

  if not os.path.isdir(src):
     print("\n[!] No Such directory: ["+src+"] !!!")
     exit(1)
  if "\\" in src:
     c = "\\"
     tsrc = src.split("\\")[-1:][0]
  else:
    c = "/"
    tsrc = src.split("/")[-1:][0]

  os.chdir(dst)
  if os.path.isdir(tsrc):
    print("\n[!] The Directory Is already exists !!!")
    exit(1)
  try:
    os.mkdir(tsrc)
  except WindowsError:
    print("\n[!] Error: In[ {} ]\nPlease Check Your Dirctory Path !!!".format(src))
    exit(1)
  os.chdir(h)
  files = []
  for i in os.listdir(src):
    files.append(src+c+i)
  if len(files) > 0:
    for i in files:
        if not os.path.isdir(i):
            shutil.copy2(i, dst+c+tsrc)

  print("\n[*] Done ! :)")

copydir("c:\folder1", "c:\folder2")

我无法编辑上面的“Boris Dalstein”答案，所以这里是这段代码的改进版本:

编辑所做的改进:

输入参数可以是str path或pathlib。路径对象。输入提示会有帮助。 如果源是一个目录，它也会创建该目录 类型是为局部变量定义的，因此IDE不会发出警告

# Recusively copies the content of the directory src to the directory dst.
# If dst doesn't exist, it is created, together with all missing parent directories.
# If a file from src already exists in dst, the file in dst is overwritten.
# Files already existing in dst which don't exist in src are preserved.
# Symlinks inside src are copied as symlinks, they are not resolved before copying.
#

def copy_dir(source: Union[str, pathlib.Path], destination: Union[str, pathlib.Path]):
    destination_path: pathlib.Path

    if isinstance(source, str):
        source_path = pathlib.Path(source)
    elif isinstance(source, pathlib.Path):
        source_path = source

    if isinstance(destination, str):
        destination_path = pathlib.Path(destination)
    elif isinstance(destination, pathlib.Path):
        destination_path = destination

    destination_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
    if source_path.is_dir():
        destination_path = destination_path.joinpath(source_path.name)
        destination_path.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    for item in os.listdir(source_path):
        s: pathlib.Path = source_path / item
        d: pathlib.Path = destination_path / item
        if s.is_dir():
            copy_dir(s, d)
        else:
            shutil.copy2(str(s), str(d))