这是我提出的一段方便的代码的自我问答。
目前，还没有一种简单的方法来嵌入SVG图像，然后通过CSS访问SVG元素。使用JS SVG框架有多种方法，但如果您所做的只是制作一个带有翻转状态的简单图标，那么这些方法就过于复杂了。
所以这就是我想到的，我认为这是迄今为止在网站上使用SVG文件的最简单的方法。它的概念来自于早期的文本到图像替换方法，但据我所知，还从未用于svg。
问题是这样的:
我如何在CSS中嵌入SVG并改变其颜色而不使用JS-SVG框架?
当前回答
TL/DR:去这里-> https://codepen.io/sosuke/pen/Pjoqqp
解释:
我假设你有这样的html:
<img src="/img/source.svg" class="myClass">
绝对要走过滤路线。您的SVG很可能是黑色或白色的。你可以应用一个过滤器，让它成为你想要的任何颜色，例如，我有一个黑色的svg，我想要薄荷绿。我首先将它反转为白色(这在技术上是所有RGB颜色完全)，然后玩色调饱和度等。正确的做法:
filter: invert(86%) sepia(21%) saturate(761%) hue-rotate(92deg) brightness(99%) contrast(107%);
更好的是，你可以使用一个工具将你想要的十六进制转换成一个过滤器:https://codepen.io/sosuke/pen/Pjoqqp
其他回答
我知道你想用CSS来完成这个，但只是一个提醒，以防它是一个小的，简单的图像-你可以随时在notepad++中弹出它，并更改路径/whatever元素的填充:
<path style="fill:#010002;" d="M394.854,205.444c9.218-15.461,19.102-30.181,14.258-49.527
...
C412.843,226.163,402.511,211.451,394.854,205.444z"/>
这样可以节省大量难看的脚本。很抱歉，如果它偏离了基础，但有时简单的解决方案可能会被忽视。
.．.即使交换多个SVG图像也可能比这个问题的一些代码片段更小。
我用AngularJS写了一个指令来解决这个问题。它可在这里- ngReusableSvg。
它在SVG元素被呈现后替换它，并将其放置在div元素中，使其CSS易于更改。这有助于在不同的地方使用相同的SVG文件，使用不同的大小/颜色。
用法很简单:
<object oa-reusable-svg
data="my_icon.svg"
type="image/svg+xml"
class="svg-class"
height="30" // given to prevent UI glitches at switch time
width="30">
</object>
之后，你就可以轻松地拥有:
.svg-class svg {
fill: red; // whichever color you want
}
你可以使用data-image。使用data-image(data-URI)，您可以像内联一样访问SVG。
下面是使用纯CSS和SVG的滚动效果。
我知道这很麻烦，但你可以这么做。
.action-btn { background-size: 20px 20px; background-position: center center; background-repeat: no-repeat; border-width: 1px; border-style: solid; border-radius: 30px; height: 40px; width: 60px; display: inline-block; } .delete { background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3csvg version='1.1' id='Capa_1' fill='#FB404B' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' x='0px' y='0px' width='482.428px' height='482.429px' viewBox='0 0 482.428 482.429' style='enable-background:new 0 0 482.428 482.429;' xml:space='preserve'%3e%3cg%3e%3cg%3e%3cpath d='M381.163,57.799h-75.094C302.323,25.316,274.686,0,241.214,0c-33.471,0-61.104,25.315-64.85,57.799h-75.098 c-30.39,0-55.111,24.728-55.111,55.117v2.828c0,23.223,14.46,43.1,34.83,51.199v260.369c0,30.39,24.724,55.117,55.112,55.117 h210.236c30.389,0,55.111-24.729,55.111-55.117V166.944c20.369-8.1,34.83-27.977,34.83-51.199v-2.828 C436.274,82.527,411.551,57.799,381.163,57.799z M241.214,26.139c19.037,0,34.927,13.645,38.443,31.66h-76.879 C206.293,39.783,222.184,26.139,241.214,26.139z M375.305,427.312c0,15.978-13,28.979-28.973,28.979H136.096 c-15.973,0-28.973-13.002-28.973-28.979V170.861h268.182V427.312z M410.135,115.744c0,15.978-13,28.979-28.973,28.979H101.266 c-15.973,0-28.973-13.001-28.973-28.979v-2.828c0-15.978,13-28.979,28.973-28.979h279.897c15.973,0,28.973,13.001,28.973,28.979 V115.744z'/%3e%3cpath d='M171.144,422.863c7.218,0,13.069-5.853,13.069-13.068V262.641c0-7.216-5.852-13.07-13.069-13.07 c-7.217,0-13.069,5.854-13.069,13.07v147.154C158.074,417.012,163.926,422.863,171.144,422.863z'/%3e%3cpath d='M241.214,422.863c7.218,0,13.07-5.853,13.07-13.068V262.641c0-7.216-5.854-13.07-13.07-13.07 c-7.217,0-13.069,5.854-13.069,13.07v147.154C228.145,417.012,233.996,422.863,241.214,422.863z'/%3e%3cpath d='M311.284,422.863c7.217,0,13.068-5.853,13.068-13.068V262.641c0-7.216-5.852-13.07-13.068-13.07 c-7.219,0-13.07,5.854-13.07,13.07v147.154C298.213,417.012,304.067,422.863,311.284,422.863z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e "); border-color:#FB404B; } .delete:hover { background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3csvg version='1.1' id='Capa_1' fill='#fff' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' xmlns:xlink='http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink' x='0px' y='0px' width='482.428px' height='482.429px' viewBox='0 0 482.428 482.429' style='enable-background:new 0 0 482.428 482.429;' xml:space='preserve'%3e%3cg%3e%3cg%3e%3cpath d='M381.163,57.799h-75.094C302.323,25.316,274.686,0,241.214,0c-33.471,0-61.104,25.315-64.85,57.799h-75.098 c-30.39,0-55.111,24.728-55.111,55.117v2.828c0,23.223,14.46,43.1,34.83,51.199v260.369c0,30.39,24.724,55.117,55.112,55.117 h210.236c30.389,0,55.111-24.729,55.111-55.117V166.944c20.369-8.1,34.83-27.977,34.83-51.199v-2.828 C436.274,82.527,411.551,57.799,381.163,57.799z M241.214,26.139c19.037,0,34.927,13.645,38.443,31.66h-76.879 C206.293,39.783,222.184,26.139,241.214,26.139z M375.305,427.312c0,15.978-13,28.979-28.973,28.979H136.096 c-15.973,0-28.973-13.002-28.973-28.979V170.861h268.182V427.312z M410.135,115.744c0,15.978-13,28.979-28.973,28.979H101.266 c-15.973,0-28.973-13.001-28.973-28.979v-2.828c0-15.978,13-28.979,28.973-28.979h279.897c15.973,0,28.973,13.001,28.973,28.979 V115.744z'/%3e%3cpath d='M171.144,422.863c7.218,0,13.069-5.853,13.069-13.068V262.641c0-7.216-5.852-13.07-13.069-13.07 c-7.217,0-13.069,5.854-13.069,13.07v147.154C158.074,417.012,163.926,422.863,171.144,422.863z'/%3e%3cpath d='M241.214,422.863c7.218,0,13.07-5.853,13.07-13.068V262.641c0-7.216-5.854-13.07-13.07-13.07 c-7.217,0-13.069,5.854-13.069,13.07v147.154C228.145,417.012,233.996,422.863,241.214,422.863z'/%3e%3cpath d='M311.284,422.863c7.217,0,13.068-5.853,13.068-13.068V262.641c0-7.216-5.852-13.07-13.068-13.07 c-7.219,0-13.07,5.854-13.07,13.07v147.154C298.213,417.012,304.067,422.863,311.284,422.863z'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e "); background-color: #FB404B; } <a class="action-btn delete"> </a>
你可以在这里将svg转换为data url
https://codepen.io/elliz/full/ygvgay https://websemantics.uk/tools/svg-to-background-image-conversion/
如果您希望jQuery处理DOM中的所有svg元素，并且DOM的大小合理，那么所选的解决方案是很好的。但是如果您的DOM很大，并且您决定动态加载DOM的一部分，那么为了更新svg元素而重新扫描整个DOM确实没有意义。相反，使用jQuery插件来做到这一点:
/**
* A jQuery plugin that loads an svg file and replaces the jQuery object with its contents.
*
* The path to the svg file is specified in the src attribute (which normally does not exist for an svg element).
*
* The width, height and class attributes in the loaded svg will be replaced by those that exist in the jQuery object's
* underlying html. Note: All other attributes in the original element are lost including the style attribute. Place
* any styles in a style class instead.
*/
(function ($) {
$.fn.svgLoader = function () {
var src = $(this).attr("src");
var width = this.attr("width");
var height = this.attr("height");
var cls = this.attr("class");
var ctx = $(this);
// Get the svg file and replace the <svg> element.
$.ajax({
url: src,
cache: false
}).done(function (html) {
let svg = $(html);
svg.attr("width", width);
svg.attr("height", height);
svg.attr("class", cls);
var newHtml = $('<a></a>').append(svg.clone()).html();
ctx.replaceWith(newHtml);
});
return this;
};
}(jQuery));
在html中，按如下方式指定svg元素:
<svg src="images/someSvgFile.svg" height="45" width="45" class="mySVGClass"/>
并应用插件:
$(".mySVGClass").svgLoader();
下面是knockout.js基于公认答案的一个版本:
重要:它实际上也需要jQuery来替换，但我认为它可能对一些人有用。
ko.bindingHandlers.svgConvert =
{
'init': function ()
{
return { 'controlsDescendantBindings': true };
},
'update': function (element, valueAccessor, allBindings, viewModel, bindingContext)
{
var $img = $(element);
var imgID = $img.attr('id');
var imgClass = $img.attr('class');
var imgURL = $img.attr('src');
$.get(imgURL, function (data)
{
// Get the SVG tag, ignore the rest
var $svg = $(data).find('svg');
// Add replaced image's ID to the new SVG
if (typeof imgID !== 'undefined')
{
$svg = $svg.attr('id', imgID);
}
// Add replaced image's classes to the new SVG
if (typeof imgClass !== 'undefined')
{
$svg = $svg.attr('class', imgClass + ' replaced-svg');
}
// Remove any invalid XML tags as per http://validator.w3.org
$svg = $svg.removeAttr('xmlns:a');
// Replace image with new SVG
$img.replaceWith($svg);
}, 'xml');
}
};
然后对img标签应用data-bind="svgConvert: true"。
这个解决方案完全用SVG替换了img标记，任何附加的绑定都不会受到尊重。
