我认为您应该考虑请求的AcceptTypes。我在我当前的项目中使用它来返回正确的内容类型，如下所示。

你在控制器上的动作可以像在请求对象上一样测试它

if (Request.AcceptTypes.Contains("text/html")) {
   return View();
}
else if (Request.AcceptTypes.Contains("application/json"))
{
   return Json( new { id=1, value="new" } );
}
else if (Request.AcceptTypes.Contains("application/xml") || 
         Request.AcceptTypes.Contains("text/xml"))
{
   //
}

然后，您可以实现视图的aspx来满足部分xhtml响应的情况。

然后在jQuery中，你可以将类型参数作为json来获取它:

$.get(url, null, function(data, textStatus) {
        console.log('got %o with status %s', data, textStatus);
        }, "json"); // or xml, html, script, json, jsonp or text

    public ActionResult GetExcelColumn()
    {            
            List<string> lstAppendColumn = new List<string>();
            lstAppendColumn.Add("First");
            lstAppendColumn.Add("Second");
            lstAppendColumn.Add("Third");
  return Json(new { lstAppendColumn = lstAppendColumn,  Status = "Success" }, JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
            }
        }

另一种处理JSON数据的好方法是使用JQuery getJSON函数。你可以致电

public ActionResult SomeActionMethod(int id) 
{ 
    return Json(new {foo="bar", baz="Blech"});
}

方法从jquery getJSON方法简单…

$.getJSON("../SomeActionMethod", { id: someId },
    function(data) {
        alert(data.foo);
        alert(data.baz);
    }
);

与编码框架的替代解决方案

操作返回json

控制器

    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult SomeActionMethod()
    {
        return IncJson(new SomeVm(){Id = 1,Name ="Inc"});
    }

剃须刀页面

@using (var template = Html.Incoding().ScriptTemplate<SomeVm>("tmplId"))
{
    using (var each = template.ForEach())
    {
        <span> Id: @each.For(r=>r.Id) Name: @each.For(r=>r.Name)</span>
    }
}

@(Html.When(JqueryBind.InitIncoding)
  .Do()
  .AjaxGet(Url.Action("SomeActionMethod","SomeContoller"))
  .OnSuccess(dsl => dsl.Self().Core()
                              .Insert
                              .WithTemplate(Selector.Jquery.Id("tmplId"))
                              .Html())
  .AsHtmlAttributes()
  .ToDiv())

操作返回html

控制器

    [HttpGet]
    public ActionResult SomeActionMethod()
    {
        return IncView();
    }

剃须刀页面

@(Html.When(JqueryBind.InitIncoding)
  .Do()
  .AjaxGet(Url.Action("SomeActionMethod","SomeContoller"))
  .OnSuccess(dsl => dsl.Self().Core().Insert.Html())
  .AsHtmlAttributes()
  .ToDiv())

要回答问题的另一半，你可以拨打:

return PartialView("viewname");

当你想返回部分HTML时。您只需要找到某种方法来决定请求是想要JSON还是HTML，可能是基于URL部分/参数。

我发现用JQuery实现MVC ajax GET调用的几个问题，这让我头疼，所以在这里分享解决方案。

Make sure to include the data type "json" in the ajax call. This will automatically parse the returned JSON object for you (given the server returns valid json). Include the JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet; without this MVC was returning a HTTP 500 error (with dataType: json specified on the client). Add cache: false to the $.ajax call, otherwise you will ultimately get HTTP 304 responses (instead of HTTP 200 responses) and the server will not process your request. Finally, the json is case sensitive, so the casing of the elements needs to match on the server side and client side.

JQuery示例:

$.ajax({
  type: 'get',
  dataType: 'json',
  cache: false,
  url: '/MyController/MyMethod',
  data: { keyid: 1, newval: 10 },
  success: function (response, textStatus, jqXHR) {
    alert(parseInt(response.oldval) + ' changed to ' + newval);                                    
  },
  error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {
    alert('Error - ' + errorThrown);
  }
});

示例MVC代码:

[HttpGet]
public ActionResult MyMethod(int keyid, int newval)
{
  var oldval = 0;

  using (var db = new MyContext())
  {
    var dbRecord = db.MyTable.Where(t => t.keyid == keyid).FirstOrDefault();

    if (dbRecord != null)
    {
      oldval = dbRecord.TheValue;
      dbRecord.TheValue = newval;
      db.SaveChanges();
    }
  }

    return Json(new { success = true, oldval = oldval},
                JsonRequestBehavior.AllowGet);
}