让我们来处理所有的情况

 function insertAfter(newNode, referenceNode) {
        if(referenceNode && referenceNode.nextSibling && referenceNode.nextSibling.nodeName == '#text')
            referenceNode = referenceNode.nextSibling;

        if(!referenceNode)
            document.body.appendChild(newNode);
        else if(!referenceNode.nextSibling)
            document.body.appendChild(newNode);
        else            
            referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode.nextSibling);            
    }

快速搜索谷歌会显示这个脚本

// create function, it expects 2 values.
function insertAfter(newElement,targetElement) {
    // target is what you want it to go after. Look for this elements parent.
    var parent = targetElement.parentNode;

    // if the parents lastchild is the targetElement...
    if (parent.lastChild == targetElement) {
        // add the newElement after the target element.
        parent.appendChild(newElement);
    } else {
        // else the target has siblings, insert the new element between the target and it's next sibling.
        parent.insertBefore(newElement, targetElement.nextSibling);
    }
}

insertBefore()方法的使用与parentNode.insertBefore()类似。 因此，为了模仿这一点并创建一个方法parentNode.insertAfter()，我们可以编写以下代码。

JavaScript

Node.prototype.insertAfter = function(newNode, referenceNode) {
    return referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore(
        newNode, referenceNode.nextSibling); // based on karim79's solution
};

// getting required handles
var refElem = document.getElementById("pTwo");
var parent = refElem.parentNode;

// creating <p>paragraph three</p>
var txt = document.createTextNode("paragraph three");
var paragraph = document.createElement("p");
paragraph.appendChild(txt);

// now we can call it the same way as insertBefore()
parent.insertAfter(paragraph, refElem);

HTML

<div id="divOne">
    <p id="pOne">paragraph one</p>
    <p id="pTwo">paragraph two</p>
</div>

注意，如本文所述，扩展DOM可能不是适合您的解决方案。

然而，这篇文章写于2010年，现在的情况可能有所不同。所以你自己决定吧。

多面体JavaScript()方法

或者你可以简单地这样做:

referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore( newNode, referenceNode )
referenceNode.parentNode.insertBefore( referenceNode, newNode )

insertAfter的健壮实现。

// source: https://github.com/jserz/domPlus/blob/master/src/insertAfter()/insertAfter.js
Node.prototype.insertAfter = Node.prototype.insertAfter || function (newNode, referenceNode) {
  function isNode(node) {
    return node instanceof Node;
  }

  if(arguments.length < 2){
    throw(new TypeError("Failed to execute 'insertAfter' on 'Node': 2 arguments required, but only "+ arguments.length +" present."));
  }

  if(isNode(newNode)){
    if(referenceNode === null || referenceNode === undefined){
      return this.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode);
    }

    if(isNode(referenceNode)){
      return this.insertBefore(newNode, referenceNode.nextSibling);
    }

    throw(new TypeError("Failed to execute 'insertAfter' on 'Node': parameter 2 is not of type 'Node'."));
  }

  throw(new TypeError("Failed to execute 'insertAfter' on 'Node': parameter 1 is not of type 'Node'."));
};

这段代码是为了在最后一个现有的子文件之后插入一个链接项，以内联一个小css文件

var raf, cb=function(){
    //create newnode
    var link=document.createElement('link');
    link.rel='stylesheet';link.type='text/css';link.href='css/style.css';

    //insert after the lastnode
    var nodes=document.getElementsByTagName('link'); //existing nodes
    var lastnode=document.getElementsByTagName('link')[nodes.length-1]; 
    lastnode.parentNode.insertBefore(link, lastnode.nextSibling);
};

//check before insert
try {
    raf=requestAnimationFrame||
        mozRequestAnimationFrame||
        webkitRequestAnimationFrame||
        msRequestAnimationFrame;
}
catch(err){
    raf=false;
}

if (raf)raf(cb); else window.addEventListener('load',cb);