我有一个JavaScript对象数组:

var objs = [ 
    { first_nom: 'Lazslo', last_nom: 'Jamf'     },
    { first_nom: 'Pig',    last_nom: 'Bodine'   },
    { first_nom: 'Pirate', last_nom: 'Prentice' }
];

如何在JavaScript中按last_nom的值对它们进行排序?

我知道排序(a,b),但这似乎只适用于字符串和数字。是否需要向对象添加toString()方法?


当前回答

我还没有看到这种特别的方法,所以这里有一个我喜欢使用的简洁的比较方法,它适用于字符串和数字类型:

常量对象=[{first_nom:'Lazslo',last_nom:'Jamf'},{first_nom:'猪',last_nom:'Bodine'},{first_nom:'海盗',last_nom:'Prentice'}];常量排序依据=fn=>{常量cmp=(a,b)=>-(a<b)||+(a>b);return(a,b)=>cmp(fn(a),fn(b));};const getLastName=o=>o.last_nom;const sortByLastName=sortBy(getLastName);objs.sort(sortByLastName);console.log(objs.map(getLastName));

sortBy()的解释

sortBy()接受一个fn,该fn从一个对象中选择一个值用于比较,并返回一个可以传递给Array.prototype.sort()的函数。在本例中,我们正在比较o.last_nom。每当我们收到两个对象,例如

a = { first_nom: 'Lazslo', last_nom: 'Jamf' }
b = { first_nom: 'Pig', last_nom: 'Bodine' }

我们将它们与(a,b)=>cmp(fn(a),fn(b))进行比较。鉴于此

fn = o => o.last_nom

我们可以将比较函数扩展为(a,b)=>cmp(a.last_nom,b.last_nom)。由于逻辑OR(||)在JavaScript中的工作方式,cmp(a.last_nom、b.last_nom)相当于

if (a.last_nom < b.last_nom) return -1;
if (a.last_nom > b.last_nom) return 1;
return 0;

顺便说一下,这在其他语言中被称为三向比较“宇宙飞船”(<=>)运算符。

最后,这里是不使用箭头函数的ES5兼容语法:

var对象=[{first_nom:'Lazslo',last_nom:'Jamf'},{first_nom:'猪',last_nom:'Bodine'},{first_nom:'海盗',last_nom:'Prentice'}];函数sortBy(fn){函数cmp(a,b){return-(a<b)| |+(a>b);}返回函数(a,b){return cmp(fn(a),fn(b));};}函数getLastName(o){return o.last_nom;}var sortByLastName=sortBy(getLastName);objs.sort(sortByLastName);console.log(objs.map(getLastName));

其他回答

我知道已经有很多答案了,包括那些带有localeCompare的答案,但如果您出于某种原因不想/不能使用localeCompae,我建议您使用此解决方案,而不是三元运算符解决方案:

objects.sort((a, b) => (a.name > b.name) - (a.name < b.name));

有人可能会说,这段代码在做什么并不明显,但在我看来,三元运算符更糟糕。如果一个三元运算符足够可读,那么两个三元操作符一个嵌入另一个-真的很难读而且很难看。只有两个比较运算符和一个减号运算符的单行代码非常容易阅读,因此很容易推理。

编写短代码:

objs.sort((a, b) => a.last_nom > b.last_nom ? 1 : -1)

使用xPrototype的sortBy:

var o = [
  { Name: 'Lazslo', LastName: 'Jamf'     },
  { Name: 'Pig',    LastName: 'Bodine'   },
  { Name: 'Pirate', LastName: 'Prentice' },
  { Name: 'Pag',    LastName: 'Bodine'   }
];


// Original
o.each(function (a, b) { console.log(a, b); });
/*
 0 Object {Name: "Lazslo", LastName: "Jamf"}
 1 Object {Name: "Pig", LastName: "Bodine"}
 2 Object {Name: "Pirate", LastName: "Prentice"}
 3 Object {Name: "Pag", LastName: "Bodine"}
*/


// Sort By LastName ASC, Name ASC
o.sortBy('LastName', 'Name').each(function(a, b) { console.log(a, b); });
/*
 0 Object {Name: "Pag", LastName: "Bodine"}
 1 Object {Name: "Pig", LastName: "Bodine"}
 2 Object {Name: "Lazslo", LastName: "Jamf"}
 3 Object {Name: "Pirate", LastName: "Prentice"}
*/


// Sort by LastName ASC and Name ASC
o.sortBy('LastName'.asc, 'Name'.asc).each(function(a, b) { console.log(a, b); });
/*
 0 Object {Name: "Pag", LastName: "Bodine"}
 1 Object {Name: "Pig", LastName: "Bodine"}
 2 Object {Name: "Lazslo", LastName: "Jamf"}
 3 Object {Name: "Pirate", LastName: "Prentice"}
*/


// Sort by LastName DESC and Name DESC
o.sortBy('LastName'.desc, 'Name'.desc).each(function(a, b) { console.log(a, b); });
/*
 0 Object {Name: "Pirate", LastName: "Prentice"}
 1 Object {Name: "Lazslo", LastName: "Jamf"}
 2 Object {Name: "Pig", LastName: "Bodine"}
 3 Object {Name: "Pag", LastName: "Bodine"}
*/


// Sort by LastName DESC and Name ASC
o.sortBy('LastName'.desc, 'Name'.asc).each(function(a, b) { console.log(a, b); });
/*
 0 Object {Name: "Pirate", LastName: "Prentice"}
 1 Object {Name: "Lazslo", LastName: "Jamf"}
 2 Object {Name: "Pag", LastName: "Bodine"}
 3 Object {Name: "Pig", LastName: "Bodine"}
*/

排序(更多)复杂的对象阵列

由于您可能会遇到类似于此阵列的更复杂的数据结构,因此我将扩展解决方案。

TL;博士

是基于@ege-Özcan非常可爱的答案的更可插拔版本。

问题

我遇到了下面的问题,无法更改它。我也不想暂时压平对象。我也不想使用下划线/lodash,主要是出于性能原因和自己实现它的乐趣。

var People = [
   {Name: {name: "Name", surname: "Surname"}, Middlename: "JJ"},
   {Name: {name: "AAA", surname: "ZZZ"}, Middlename:"Abrams"},
   {Name: {name: "Name", surname: "AAA"}, Middlename: "Wars"}
];

Goal

目标是主要按People.Name.Name排序,其次按People.Name.surname排序

障碍

现在,在基本解决方案中,使用括号表示法来计算要动态排序的财产。不过,在这里,我们还必须动态地构造括号表示法,因为您可能会期望像People['Name.Name']这样的符号会起作用,但这不起作用。

另一方面,简单地做人物['Name']['Name']是静态的,只允许你进入第n层。

解决方案

这里的主要添加是遍历对象树并确定最后一个叶以及任何中间叶的值。

var People = [
   {Name: {name: "Name", surname: "Surname"}, Middlename: "JJ"},
   {Name: {name: "AAA", surname: "ZZZ"}, Middlename:"Abrams"},
   {Name: {name: "Name", surname: "AAA"}, Middlename: "Wars"}
];

People.sort(dynamicMultiSort(['Name','name'], ['Name', '-surname']));
// Results in...
// [ { Name: { name: 'AAA', surname: 'ZZZ' }, Middlename: 'Abrams' },
//   { Name: { name: 'Name', surname: 'Surname' }, Middlename: 'JJ' },
//   { Name: { name: 'Name', surname: 'AAA' }, Middlename: 'Wars' } ]

// same logic as above, but strong deviation for dynamic properties 
function dynamicSort(properties) {
  var sortOrder = 1;
  // determine sort order by checking sign of last element of array
  if(properties[properties.length - 1][0] === "-") {
    sortOrder = -1;
    // Chop off sign
    properties[properties.length - 1] = properties[properties.length - 1].substr(1);
  }
  return function (a,b) {
    propertyOfA = recurseObjProp(a, properties)
    propertyOfB = recurseObjProp(b, properties)
    var result = (propertyOfA < propertyOfB) ? -1 : (propertyOfA > propertyOfB) ? 1 : 0;
    return result * sortOrder;
  };
}

/**
 * Takes an object and recurses down the tree to a target leaf and returns it value
 * @param  {Object} root - Object to be traversed.
 * @param  {Array} leafs - Array of downwards traversal. To access the value: {parent:{ child: 'value'}} -> ['parent','child']
 * @param  {Number} index - Must not be set, since it is implicit.
 * @return {String|Number}       The property, which is to be compared by sort.
 */
function recurseObjProp(root, leafs, index) {
  index ? index : index = 0
  var upper = root
  // walk down one level
  lower = upper[leafs[index]]
  // Check if last leaf has been hit by having gone one step too far.
  // If so, return result from last step.
  if (!lower) {
    return upper
  }
  // Else: recurse!
  index++
  // HINT: Bug was here, for not explicitly returning function
  // https://stackoverflow.com/a/17528613/3580261
  return recurseObjProp(lower, leafs, index)
}

/**
 * Multi-sort your array by a set of properties
 * @param {...Array} Arrays to access values in the form of: {parent:{ child: 'value'}} -> ['parent','child']
 * @return {Number} Number - number for sort algorithm
 */
function dynamicMultiSort() {
  var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); // slight deviation to base

  return function (a, b) {
    var i = 0, result = 0, numberOfProperties = args.length;
    // REVIEW: slightly verbose; maybe no way around because of `.sort`-'s nature
    // Consider: `.forEach()`
    while(result === 0 && i < numberOfProperties) {
      result = dynamicSort(args[i])(a, b);
      i++;
    }
    return result;
  }
}

实例

JSBin的工作示例

在ES6/ES2015或更高版本中,您可以这样做:

objs.sort((a, b) => a.last_nom.localeCompare(b.last_nom));

ES6/ES2015之前

objs.sort(function(a, b) {
    return a.last_nom.localeCompare(b.last_nom)
});