我使用:

ls -d */ | cut -f1 -d'/'

这将创建一个没有结尾斜杠的单列——在脚本中很有用。

回答最初的问题，*/和ls本身没有关系;它是由shell/Bash完成的，这个过程被称为globbing。

这就是为什么echo */和ls -d */输出相同的元素。(-d标志使ls输出目录名，而不是目录内容。)

我用以下方法部分解决了这个问题:

cd "/path/to/pricipal/folder"

for i in $(ls -d .*/); do sudo ln -s "$PWD"/${i%%/} /home/inukaze/${i%%/}; done

    ln: «/home/inukaze/./.»: can't overwrite a directory
    ln: «/home/inukaze/../..»: can't overwrite a directory
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.config»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.disruptive»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/innovations»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/sarl»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.e_old»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.gnome2_private»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.gvfs»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.kde»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.local»: too much symbolics links levels
    ln: accesing to «/home/inukaze/.xVideoServiceThief»: too much symbolics links levels

好吧，这对我来说是主要的部分:)

*/是一个文件名匹配模式，匹配当前目录中的目录。

只列出目录，我喜欢这个函数:

# Long list only directories
llod () {
  ls -l --color=always "$@" | grep --color=never '^d'
}

把它放在你的。bashrc文件中。

使用例子:

llod       # Long listing of all directories in current directory
llod -tr   # Same but in chronological order oldest first
llod -d a* # Limit to directories beginning with letter 'a'
llod -d .* # Limit to hidden directories

注意:如果您使用-i选项，它将中断。这里有一个解决方案:

# Long list only directories
llod () {
  ls -l --color=always "$@" | egrep --color=never '^d|^[[:digit:]]+ d'
}

file * | grep directory

输出(在我的机器上)——

[root@rhel6 ~]# file * | grep directory
mongo-example-master:    directory
nostarch:                directory
scriptzz:                directory
splunk:                  directory
testdir:                 directory

以上输出可以通过使用cut进行进一步细化:

file * | grep directory | cut -d':' -f1
mongo-example-master
nostarch
scriptzz
splunk
testdir

* could be replaced with any path that's permitted
 file - determine file type
 grep - searches for string named directory
 -d - to specify a field delimiter
 -f1 - denotes field 1

再加上一个完整的循环，检索每个文件夹的路径，使用Albert的答案和Gordans的组合。这应该很有用。

for i in $(ls -d /pathto/parent/folder/*/); do echo ${i%%/}; done

输出:

/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder1/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder2/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder3/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder4/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder5/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder6/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder7/
/pathto/parent/folder/childfolder8/