通过在POST请求中指定files参数，请求的Content-Type被自动设置为multipart/form-data(后面跟着用于分隔multipart负载中的每个主体部分的边界字符串)，无论您只发送文件，还是同时发送form-data和文件(因此，在这种情况下，不应该尝试手动设置Content-Type)。然而，如果只发送表单数据，则Content-Type将自动设置为application/x-www-form-urlencoded。

You can print out the Content-Type header of the request to verify the above using the example given below, which shows how to upload multiple files (or a single file) with (optionally) the same key (i.e., 'files' in the case below), as well as with optional form-data (i.e., data=data in the example below). The documentation on how to POST single and multiple files can be found here and here, respectively. In case you need to upload large files without reading them into memory, have a look at Streaming Uploads. For the server side—in case this is needed—please have a look at this answer, from which the code snippet below has been taken, and which uses the FastAPI web framework.

import requests

url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/submit'
files = [('files', open('a.txt', 'rb')), ('files', open('b.txt', 'rb'))]
#file = {'file': open('a.txt','rb')} # to send a single file
data ={"name": "foo", "point": 0.13, "is_accepted": False}
r = requests.post(url=url, data=data, files=files) 
print(r.json())
print(r.request.headers['content-type'])

import requests
# assume sending two files
url = "put ur url here"
f1 = open("file 1 path", 'rb')
f2 = open("file 2 path", 'rb')
response = requests.post(url,files={"file1 name": f1, "file2 name":f2})
print(response)

下面是使用请求上传带有附加参数的单个文件的简单代码片段:

url = 'https://<file_upload_url>'
fp = '/Users/jainik/Desktop/data.csv'

files = {'file': open(fp, 'rb')}
payload = {'file_id': '1234'}

response = requests.put(url, files=files, data=payload, verify=False)

请注意，您不需要显式地指定任何内容类型。

注:想评论上述答案之一，但不能因为低声誉，所以起草了一个新的回应在这里。

这是在多部分请求中发送文件的一种方法

import requests
headers = {"Authorization": "Bearer <token>"}
myfile = 'file.txt'
myfile2 = {'file': (myfile, open(myfile, 'rb'),'application/octet-stream')}
url = 'https://example.com/path'
r = requests.post(url, files=myfile2, headers=headers,verify=False)
print(r.content)

其他方法

import requests

url = "https://example.com/path"

payload={}
files=[
  ('file',('file',open('/path/to/file','rb'),'application/octet-stream'))
]
headers = {
  'Authorization': 'Bearer <token>'
}

response = requests.request("POST", url, headers=headers, data=payload, files=files)

print(response.text)

我都测试过了，两者都很好。

自从编写了以前的一些答案之后，请求已经发生了变化。在Github上看看这个问题的更多细节，这条评论是一个例子。

简而言之，files参数接受一个字典，键为表单字段的名称，值为字符串或2、3或4长度的元组，如请求快速入门中的POST一个多部分编码文件部分所述:

>>> url = 'http://httpbin.org/post'
>>> files = {'file': ('report.xls', open('report.xls', 'rb'), 'application/vnd.ms-excel', {'Expires': '0'})}

在上面，元组的组成如下:

(filename, data, content_type, headers)

如果值只是一个字符串，文件名将与键相同，如下所示:

>>> files = {'obvius_session_id': '72c2b6f406cdabd578c5fd7598557c52'}

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="obvius_session_id"; filename="obvius_session_id"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream

72c2b6f406cdabd578c5fd7598557c52

如果值是一个元组，并且第一个条目是None，则filename属性将不包括在内:

>>> files = {'obvius_session_id': (None, '72c2b6f406cdabd578c5fd7598557c52')}

Content-Disposition: form-data; name="obvius_session_id"
Content-Type: application/octet-stream

72c2b6f406cdabd578c5fd7598557c52

这是你需要上传一个大的单一文件作为多部分formdata的python片段。在服务器端运行NodeJs Multer中间件。

import requests
latest_file = 'path/to/file'
url = "http://httpbin.org/apiToUpload"
files = {'fieldName': open(latest_file, 'rb')}
r = requests.put(url, files=files)

对于服务器端，请检查multer文档:https://github.com/expressjs/multer 这里的字段single('fieldName')用于接受单个文件，如下所示:

var upload = multer().single('fieldName');