通过我的AJAX帖子，我可以使用一些帮助来遵守Django的CSRF保护机制。我遵循了这里的说明:
http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/csrf/
我已经复制了他们在该页面上的AJAX示例代码:
http://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/csrf/#ajax
我把一个警告打印getCookie('csrftoken')的内容之前的xhr。setRequestHeader调用，它确实被一些数据填充。我不确定如何验证令牌是正确的，但我被鼓励它正在寻找和发送一些东西。
但是Django仍然拒绝我的AJAX帖子。
这是我的JavaScript:
$.post("/memorize/", data, function (result) {
if (result != "failure") {
get_random_card();
}
else {
alert("Failed to save card data.");
}
});
下面是我从Django中看到的错误:
[23/Feb/2011 22:08:29] "POST / remember / HTTP/1.1" 403 2332
我肯定我遗漏了什么，也许很简单，但我不知道是什么。我在SO周围搜索了一下，看到了一些关于通过csrf_exempt装饰器关闭视图的CSRF检查的信息，但我发现那没什么吸引力。我已经尝试过了，它是有效的，但如果可能的话，我宁愿让我的POST以Django设计的方式工作。
为了以防有用，这里是我的视图正在做的事情的要点:
def myview(request):
profile = request.user.profile
if request.method == 'POST':
"""
Process the post...
"""
return HttpResponseRedirect('/memorize/')
else: # request.method == 'GET'
ajax = request.GET.has_key('ajax')
"""
Some irrelevent code...
"""
if ajax:
response = HttpResponse()
profile.get_stack_json(response)
return response
else:
"""
Get data to send along with the content of the page.
"""
return render_to_response('memorize/memorize.html',
""" My data """
context_instance=RequestContext(request))
谢谢你的回复!
更新2022
在CSRF攻击中，无辜的终端用户被攻击者欺骗，提交了一个他们不打算提交的web请求
选项1
from django.views.decorators.csrf import csrf_exempt
from django.http.response import JsonResponse
@csrf_exempt
def commentDeletePost(request):
if request.is_ajax() and request.method == 'POST':
try:
comment = Comment.objects.get(pk=request.POST['pk'])
if comment.author != request.user:
return JsonResponse({'e': 'Forbidden'}, status=403)
comment.delete()
return JsonResponse({}, status=200)
execpt Comment.DoesNotExist:
return JsonResponse({'e': 'Not Found'}, status=404)
选项2
<div id="csrf">
{% csrf_token %}
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">
window.crud = {
commentDelete: function(
pk,
success,
error,
){
$.ajax({
headers: {'X-CSRFToken': document.getElementById('csrf').querySelector('input').value},
type: "POST",
url: "{% url 'comment-delete-post' %}",
data: {
pk: pk,
},
success: success,
error: error,
})
},
}
</script>
two options have its own advantage. First option will discard csrf token, which will not protecte your site from csrf attacks, but it will allow user to send more than one request with same Ajax function.
the second option will restrict user to send one Ajax request only since csrf token can only be used once, but it is more secure. I personally prefer option 1, since Ajax functions such as like, star, unlike requires more than one Ajax call, and it is not a risky function to allow user call more than once.
我有一个解决办法。在我的JS我有两个函数。
首先得到饼干(即。csrftoken):
function getCookie(name) {
let cookieValue = null;
if (document.cookie && document.cookie !== '') {
const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
for (let i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
const cookie = cookies[i].trim();
// Does this cookie string begin with the name we want?
if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) === (name + '=')) {
cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
break;
}
}
}
return cookieValue;
}
第二个是我的ajax函数。在这种情况下，它是用于登录的，实际上不返回任何东西，只是传递值来设置一个会话:
function LoginAjax() {
//get scrftoken:
const csrftoken = getCookie('csrftoken');
var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
var userName = document.getElementById("Login-Username");
var password = document.getElementById("Login-Password");
req.onreadystatechange = function () {
if (this.readyState == 4 && this.status == 200) {
//read response loggedIn JSON show me if user logged in or not
var respond = JSON.parse(this.responseText);
alert(respond.loggedIn);
}
}
req.open("POST", "login", true);
//following header set scrftoken to resolve problem
req.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', csrftoken);
req.setRequestHeader("Content-type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
req.send("UserName=" + userName.value + "&Password=" + password.value);
}
真正的解决方案
好的，我设法找到了问题所在。它存在于Javascript代码中(正如我在下面所建议的)。
你需要的是:
$.ajaxSetup({
beforeSend: function(xhr, settings) {
function getCookie(name) {
var cookieValue = null;
if (document.cookie && document.cookie != '') {
var cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
var cookie = jQuery.trim(cookies[i]);
// Does this cookie string begin with the name we want?
if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) == (name + '=')) {
cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
break;
}
}
}
return cookieValue;
}
if (!(/^http:.*/.test(settings.url) || /^https:.*/.test(settings.url))) {
// Only send the token to relative URLs i.e. locally.
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", getCookie('csrftoken'));
}
}
});
而不是官方文档中发布的代码:
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/csrf/
工作代码来自这个Django条目:http://www.djangoproject.com/weblog/2011/feb/08/security/
所以一般的解决方案是:“使用ajaxSetup处理程序而不是ajaxSend处理程序”。我不知道为什么会这样。但这对我来说很管用:)
以前的帖子(没有回答)
其实我也遇到了同样的问题。
它发生在更新到Django 1.2.5之后——在Django 1.2.4中AJAX POST请求没有错误(AJAX没有受到任何方式的保护，但它工作得很好)。
就像OP一样，我尝试了Django文档中发布的JavaScript代码片段。我使用的是jQuery 1.5。我还使用了“django.middleware.csrf”。CsrfViewMiddleware”中间件。
我试图遵循中间件代码，我知道它在这方面失败了:
request_csrf_token = request.META.get('HTTP_X_CSRFTOKEN', '')
然后
if request_csrf_token != csrf_token:
return self._reject(request, REASON_BAD_TOKEN)
这个“if”为真，因为“request_csrf_token”为空。
基本上这意味着头文件没有被设置。所以这JS行有什么问题吗:
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", getCookie('csrftoken'));
?
我希望提供的细节将有助于我们解决这个问题:)
Non-jquery回答:
var csrfcookie = function() {
var cookieValue = null,
name = 'csrftoken';
if (document.cookie && document.cookie !== '') {
var cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
for (var i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
var cookie = cookies[i].trim();
if (cookie.substring(0, name.length + 1) == (name + '=')) {
cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookie.substring(name.length + 1));
break;
}
}
}
return cookieValue;
};
用法:
var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
request.open('POST', url, true);
request.setRequestHeader('Content-Type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8');
request.setRequestHeader('X-CSRFToken', csrfcookie());
request.onload = callback;
request.send(data);
