下面是一个脚本，用于删除创建时间超过2天的正在运行和已退出的容器:

#!/bin/bash
# This script will kill and remove containers older than 2 days.
#
docker ps -aq > /scripts/containers.txt
today=`date +%Y-%m-%d`
oldate=`date --date="2 day ago" +%Y-%m-%d`
while read p; do
    cont=`docker inspect -f '{{ .Created }}' $p | cut -c 1-10`
    echo " Created date of $p is $cont"
    k=`echo $(( ( $(date -ud $today +'%s') - $(date -ud $cont +'%s'))/60/60/24 ))`
    echo $k
    if [ $k -ge 2 ];
    then
            echo "Killing docker container $p"
            docker kill $p
            echo "Removing docker container $p"
            docker rm $p
    else
            echo "Docker container $p is not one day old, so keeping the container."
    fi
done </scripts/containers.txt

docker rm --force `docker ps -qa`

下面是我的docker-cleanup脚本，它删除未标记的容器和图像。请检查来源的任何更新。

#!/bin/sh
# Cleanup docker files: untagged containers and images.
#
# Use `docker-cleanup -n` for a dry run to see what would be deleted.

untagged_containers() {
  # Print containers using untagged images: $1 is used with awk's print: 0=line, 1=column 1.
  docker ps -a | awk '$2 ~ "[0-9a-f]{12}" {print $'$1'}'
}

untagged_images() {
  # Print untagged images: $1 is used with awk's print: 0=line, 3=column 3.
  # NOTE: intermediate images (via -a) seem to only cause
  # "Error: Conflict, foobarid wasn't deleted" messages.
  # Might be useful sometimes when Docker messed things up?!
  # docker images -a | awk '$1 == "<none>" {print $'$1'}'
  docker images | tail -n +2 | awk '$1 == "<none>" {print $'$1'}'
}

# Dry-run.
if [ "$1" = "-n" ]; then
  echo "=== Containers with uncommitted images: ==="
  untagged_containers 0
  echo

  echo "=== Uncommitted images: ==="
  untagged_images 0

  exit
fi

# Remove containers with untagged images.
echo "Removing containers:" >&2
untagged_containers 1 | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rm --volumes=true

# Remove untagged images
echo "Removing images:" >&2
untagged_images 3 | xargs --no-run-if-empty docker rmi

来源:https://github.com/blueyed/dotfiles/blob/master/usr/bin/docker-cleanup

删除指定的容器

docker container rm container_id

如果容器正在运行，则必须在删除它之前停止它

docker container stop container_id

该命令将删除所有现有的容器

docker container rm $(docker container -a -q)

在Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr)上:

$ for CON in `docker ps -qa`; do docker rm $CON ; done

这只是一个普通的Bash命令，所以它应该适用于每个Bash兼容的终端。

为了简单地删除当前未被运行容器使用的所有内容，我通常将以下别名放入我的Mac上的.bash_profile中，这将有所帮助:

alias dockerclean="docker ps -q -a | xargs docker rm -v && docker images -q | xargs docker rmi"

无论何时从命令行调用dockerclean，它都会删除停止的容器以及未使用的映像层。对于正在运行的容器和已使用的映像，它将打印一条警告消息并跳过它。