是否有一种通过jQuery(或不使用)检索查询字符串值的无插件方法?
如果是,怎么办?如果没有,是否有插件可以这样做?
是否有一种通过jQuery(或不使用)检索查询字符串值的无插件方法?
如果是,怎么办?如果没有,是否有插件可以这样做?
当前回答
下面是我将Andy E的优秀解决方案打造成一个成熟的jQuery插件的尝试:
;(function ($) {
$.extend({
getQueryString: function (name) {
function parseParams() {
var params = {},
e,
a = /\+/g, // Regex for replacing addition symbol with a space
r = /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g,
d = function (s) { return decodeURIComponent(s.replace(a, " ")); },
q = window.location.search.substring(1);
while (e = r.exec(q))
params[d(e[1])] = d(e[2]);
return params;
}
if (!this.queryStringParams)
this.queryStringParams = parseParams();
return this.queryStringParams[name];
}
});
})(jQuery);
语法为:
var someVar = $.getQueryString('myParam');
两全其美!
其他回答
URL搜索参数
Firefox 44+、Opera 36+、Edge 17+、Safari 10.3+和Chrome 49+支持URLSearchParams API:
Chrome公告和详细信息歌剧院公告和详情Firefox公告和详细信息
谷歌建议URLSearchParams polyfill用于IE的稳定版本。
它没有被W3C标准化,但它是WhatWG的生活标准。
您可以在以下位置使用它:
const params = new URLSearchParams(location.search);
or
const params = (new URL(location)).searchParams;
当然也可以在任何URL上:
const url = new URL('https://example.com?foo=1&bar=2');
const params = new URLSearchParams(url.search);
还可以使用URL对象上的速记.searchParams属性获取参数,如下所示:
const params = new URL('https://example.com?foo=1&bar=2').searchParams;
params.get('foo'); // "1"
params.get('bar'); // "2"
通过get(KEY)、set(KEY,VALUE)、append(KEY,VAL)API读取/设置参数。您还可以遍历(let p of params){}的所有值。
参考实现和示例页面可用于审计和测试。
这是Andy E链接的“句柄数组样式查询字符串”版本的扩展版本。修复了一个错误(?key=1&key[]=2&key[]=3;1丢失并替换为[2,3]),进行了一些小的性能改进(重新解码值,重新计算“[”位置等),并添加了一些改进(功能化,支持?key=1&key=2,支持;分隔符)。我将变量留得很短,但添加了大量注释以使其可读(哦,我在本地函数中重用了v,如果这令人困惑,很抱歉;)。
它将处理以下查询字符串。。。
?test=Hello&pers=neek&pers[]=jeff&pers[][]=jim&pers[extra]=john&test3&nocache=13989148914891264
…把它做成一个看起来像。。。
{
"test": "Hello",
"person": {
"0": "neek",
"1": "jeff",
"2": "jim",
"length": 3,
"extra": "john"
},
"test3": "",
"nocache": "1398914891264"
}
如上所述,此版本处理一些“格式错误”数组,即-person=neek&person[]=jeff&person[]=jim或person=neek/person=jeff/person=jim,因为密钥是可识别的和有效的(至少在dotNet的NameValueCollection.Add中):
如果目标NameValueCollection中已存在指定的键例如,指定的值将添加到现有的逗号分隔的格式为“value1,value2,value3”的值列表。
似乎陪审团对重复的键有点不满意,因为没有规范。在这种情况下,多个键被存储为一个(假)数组。但请注意,我不会将基于逗号的值处理为数组。
代码:
getQueryStringKey = function(key) {
return getQueryStringAsObject()[key];
};
getQueryStringAsObject = function() {
var b, cv, e, k, ma, sk, v, r = {},
d = function (v) { return decodeURIComponent(v).replace(/\+/g, " "); }, //# d(ecode) the v(alue)
q = window.location.search.substring(1), //# suggested: q = decodeURIComponent(window.location.search.substring(1)),
s = /([^&;=]+)=?([^&;]*)/g //# original regex that does not allow for ; as a delimiter: /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g
;
//# ma(make array) out of the v(alue)
ma = function(v) {
//# If the passed v(alue) hasn't been setup as an object
if (typeof v != "object") {
//# Grab the cv(current value) then setup the v(alue) as an object
cv = v;
v = {};
v.length = 0;
//# If there was a cv(current value), .push it into the new v(alue)'s array
//# NOTE: This may or may not be 100% logical to do... but it's better than loosing the original value
if (cv) { Array.prototype.push.call(v, cv); }
}
return v;
};
//# While we still have key-value e(ntries) from the q(uerystring) via the s(earch regex)...
while (e = s.exec(q)) { //# while((e = s.exec(q)) !== null) {
//# Collect the open b(racket) location (if any) then set the d(ecoded) v(alue) from the above split key-value e(ntry)
b = e[1].indexOf("[");
v = d(e[2]);
//# As long as this is NOT a hash[]-style key-value e(ntry)
if (b < 0) { //# b == "-1"
//# d(ecode) the simple k(ey)
k = d(e[1]);
//# If the k(ey) already exists
if (r[k]) {
//# ma(make array) out of the k(ey) then .push the v(alue) into the k(ey)'s array in the r(eturn value)
r[k] = ma(r[k]);
Array.prototype.push.call(r[k], v);
}
//# Else this is a new k(ey), so just add the k(ey)/v(alue) into the r(eturn value)
else {
r[k] = v;
}
}
//# Else we've got ourselves a hash[]-style key-value e(ntry)
else {
//# Collect the d(ecoded) k(ey) and the d(ecoded) sk(sub-key) based on the b(racket) locations
k = d(e[1].slice(0, b));
sk = d(e[1].slice(b + 1, e[1].indexOf("]", b)));
//# ma(make array) out of the k(ey)
r[k] = ma(r[k]);
//# If we have a sk(sub-key), plug the v(alue) into it
if (sk) { r[k][sk] = v; }
//# Else .push the v(alue) into the k(ey)'s array
else { Array.prototype.push.call(r[k], v); }
}
}
//# Return the r(eturn value)
return r;
};
ES2015(ES6)
getQueryStringParams = query => {
return query
? (/^[?#]/.test(query) ? query.slice(1) : query)
.split('&')
.reduce((params, param) => {
let [key, value] = param.split('=');
params[key] = value ? decodeURIComponent(value.replace(/\+/g, ' ')) : '';
return params;
}, {}
)
: {}
};
没有jQuery
var qs = (function(a) {
if (a == "") return {};
var b = {};
for (var i = 0; i < a.length; ++i)
{
var p=a[i].split('=', 2);
if (p.length == 1)
b[p[0]] = "";
else
b[p[0]] = decodeURIComponent(p[1].replace(/\+/g, " "));
}
return b;
})(window.location.search.substr(1).split('&'));
URL如下?topic=123&name=query+string,将返回以下内容:
qs["topic"]; // 123
qs["name"]; // query string
qs["nothere"]; // undefined (object)
Google方法
撕扯谷歌的代码,我找到了他们使用的方法:getUrlParameters
function (b) {
var c = typeof b === "undefined";
if (a !== h && c) return a;
for (var d = {}, b = b || k[B][vb], e = b[p]("?"), f = b[p]("#"), b = (f === -1 ? b[Ya](e + 1) : [b[Ya](e + 1, f - e - 1), "&", b[Ya](f + 1)][K](""))[z]("&"), e = i.dd ? ia : unescape, f = 0, g = b[w]; f < g; ++f) {
var l = b[f][p]("=");
if (l !== -1) {
var q = b[f][I](0, l),
l = b[f][I](l + 1),
l = l[Ca](/\+/g, " ");
try {
d[q] = e(l)
} catch (A) {}
}
}
c && (a = d);
return d
}
这是模糊的,但可以理解。它无法工作,因为某些变量未定义。
他们开始在url上查找参数?并且还从散列#中。然后,对于每个参数,它们以等号b[f][p](“=”)分割(看起来像indexOf,它们使用字符的位置来获取键/值)。拆分后,他们检查参数是否有值,如果有值,则存储d的值,否则继续。
最后返回对象d,处理转义和+符号。这个对象和我的一样,它有相同的行为。
我的方法作为jQuery插件
(function($) {
$.QueryString = (function(paramsArray) {
let params = {};
for (let i = 0; i < paramsArray.length; ++i)
{
let param = paramsArray[i]
.split('=', 2);
if (param.length !== 2)
continue;
params[param[0]] = decodeURIComponent(param[1].replace(/\+/g, " "));
}
return params;
})(window.location.search.substr(1).split('&'))
})(jQuery);
用法
//Get a param
$.QueryString.param
//-or-
$.QueryString["param"]
//This outputs something like...
//"val"
//Get all params as object
$.QueryString
//This outputs something like...
//Object { param: "val", param2: "val" }
//Set a param (only in the $.QueryString object, doesn't affect the browser's querystring)
$.QueryString.param = "newvalue"
//This doesn't output anything, it just updates the $.QueryString object
//Convert object into string suitable for url a querystring (Requires jQuery)
$.param($.QueryString)
//This outputs something like...
//"param=newvalue¶m2=val"
//Update the url/querystring in the browser's location bar with the $.QueryString object
history.replaceState({}, '', "?" + $.param($.QueryString));
//-or-
history.pushState({}, '', "?" + $.param($.QueryString));
性能测试(针对正则表达式方法的拆分方法)(jsPerf)
准备代码:方法声明
拆分测试代码
var qs = window.GetQueryString(query);
var search = qs["q"];
var value = qs["value"];
var undef = qs["undefinedstring"];
Regex测试代码
var search = window.getParameterByName("q");
var value = window.getParameterByName("value");
var undef = window.getParameterByName("undefinedstring");
在Windows Server 2008 R2/7 x64上的Firefox 4.0 x86中测试
拆分方法:最快144780±2.17%Regex方法:13891±0.85%|90%慢
这些都是很好的答案,但我需要一些更强大的东西,我想你们可能都想拥有我创造的东西。
这是一种简单的库方法,可以对URL参数进行剖析和操作。静态方法有以下子方法,可以在主题URL上调用:
获取主机获取路径获取哈希setHash获取参数获取查询setParam(设置参数)获取参数hasParamremoveParam(删除参数)
例子:
URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1')
var url = "http://www.example.com/folder/mypage.html?myparam1=1&myparam2=2#something";
function URLParser(u){
var path="",query="",hash="",params;
if(u.indexOf("#") > 0){
hash = u.substr(u.indexOf("#") + 1);
u = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("#"));
}
if(u.indexOf("?") > 0){
path = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("?"));
query = u.substr(u.indexOf("?") + 1);
params= query.split('&');
}else
path = u;
return {
getHost: function(){
var hostexp = /\/\/([\w.-]*)/;
var match = hostexp.exec(path);
if (match != null && match.length > 1)
return match[1];
return "";
},
getPath: function(){
var pathexp = /\/\/[\w.-]*(?:\/([^?]*))/;
var match = pathexp.exec(path);
if (match != null && match.length > 1)
return match[1];
return "";
},
getHash: function(){
return hash;
},
getParams: function(){
return params
},
getQuery: function(){
return query;
},
setHash: function(value){
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(value.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + value;
return path + query;
},
setParam: function(name, value){
if(!params){
params= new Array();
}
params.push(name + '=' + value);
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
if(query.length > 0)
query += "&";
query += params[i];
}
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(hash.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + hash;
return path + query;
},
getParam: function(name){
if(params){
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
return decodeURIComponent(pair[1]);
}
}
console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
},
hasParam: function(name){
if(params){
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
return true;
}
}
console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
},
removeParam: function(name){
query = "";
if(params){
var newparams = new Array();
for (var i = 0;i < params.length;i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) != name)
newparams .push(params[i]);
}
params = newparams;
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
if(query.length > 0)
query += "&";
query += params[i];
}
}
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(hash.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + hash;
return path + query;
},
}
}
document.write("Host: " + URLParser(url).getHost() + '<br>');
document.write("Path: " + URLParser(url).getPath() + '<br>');
document.write("Query: " + URLParser(url).getQuery() + '<br>');
document.write("Hash: " + URLParser(url).getHash() + '<br>');
document.write("Params Array: " + URLParser(url).getParams() + '<br>');
document.write("Param: " + URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write("Has Param: " + URLParser(url).hasParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write(url + '<br>');
// Remove the first parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam1');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the first parameter<br>');
// Add a third parameter
url = URLParser(url).setParam('myparam3',3);
document.write(url + ' - Add a third parameter<br>');
// Remove the second parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam2');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the second parameter<br>');
// Add a hash
url = URLParser(url).setHash('newhash');
document.write(url + ' - Set Hash<br>');
// Remove the last parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the last parameter<br>');
// Remove a parameter that doesn't exist
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove a parameter that doesn\"t exist<br>');
这是我自己的看法。第一个函数将URL字符串解码为名称/值对的对象:
url_args_decode = function (url) {
var args_enc, el, i, nameval, ret;
ret = {};
// use the DOM to parse the URL via an 'a' element
el = document.createElement("a");
el.href = url;
// strip off initial ? on search and split
args_enc = el.search.substring(1).split('&');
for (i = 0; i < args_enc.length; i++) {
// convert + into space, split on =, and then decode
args_enc[i].replace(/\+/g, ' ');
nameval = args_enc[i].split('=', 2);
ret[decodeURIComponent(nameval[0])]=decodeURIComponent(nameval[1]);
}
return ret;
};
另外,如果您更改了一些参数,可以使用第二个函数将参数数组放回URL字符串中:
url_args_replace = function (url, args) {
var args_enc, el, name;
// use the DOM to parse the URL via an 'a' element
el = document.createElement("a");
el.href = url;
args_enc = [];
// encode args to go into url
for (name in args) {
if (args.hasOwnProperty(name)) {
name = encodeURIComponent(name);
args[name] = encodeURIComponent(args[name]);
args_enc.push(name + '=' + args[name]);
}
}
if (args_enc.length > 0) {
el.search = '?' + args_enc.join('&');
} else {
el.search = '';
}
return el.href;
};