是否有一种通过jQuery(或不使用)检索查询字符串值的无插件方法?
如果是,怎么办?如果没有,是否有插件可以这样做?
是否有一种通过jQuery(或不使用)检索查询字符串值的无插件方法?
如果是,怎么办?如果没有,是否有插件可以这样做?
当前回答
这些都是很好的答案,但我需要一些更强大的东西,我想你们可能都想拥有我创造的东西。
这是一种简单的库方法,可以对URL参数进行剖析和操作。静态方法有以下子方法,可以在主题URL上调用:
获取主机获取路径获取哈希setHash获取参数获取查询setParam(设置参数)获取参数hasParamremoveParam(删除参数)
例子:
URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1')
var url = "http://www.example.com/folder/mypage.html?myparam1=1&myparam2=2#something";
function URLParser(u){
var path="",query="",hash="",params;
if(u.indexOf("#") > 0){
hash = u.substr(u.indexOf("#") + 1);
u = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("#"));
}
if(u.indexOf("?") > 0){
path = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("?"));
query = u.substr(u.indexOf("?") + 1);
params= query.split('&');
}else
path = u;
return {
getHost: function(){
var hostexp = /\/\/([\w.-]*)/;
var match = hostexp.exec(path);
if (match != null && match.length > 1)
return match[1];
return "";
},
getPath: function(){
var pathexp = /\/\/[\w.-]*(?:\/([^?]*))/;
var match = pathexp.exec(path);
if (match != null && match.length > 1)
return match[1];
return "";
},
getHash: function(){
return hash;
},
getParams: function(){
return params
},
getQuery: function(){
return query;
},
setHash: function(value){
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(value.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + value;
return path + query;
},
setParam: function(name, value){
if(!params){
params= new Array();
}
params.push(name + '=' + value);
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
if(query.length > 0)
query += "&";
query += params[i];
}
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(hash.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + hash;
return path + query;
},
getParam: function(name){
if(params){
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
return decodeURIComponent(pair[1]);
}
}
console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
},
hasParam: function(name){
if(params){
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
return true;
}
}
console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
},
removeParam: function(name){
query = "";
if(params){
var newparams = new Array();
for (var i = 0;i < params.length;i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) != name)
newparams .push(params[i]);
}
params = newparams;
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
if(query.length > 0)
query += "&";
query += params[i];
}
}
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(hash.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + hash;
return path + query;
},
}
}
document.write("Host: " + URLParser(url).getHost() + '<br>');
document.write("Path: " + URLParser(url).getPath() + '<br>');
document.write("Query: " + URLParser(url).getQuery() + '<br>');
document.write("Hash: " + URLParser(url).getHash() + '<br>');
document.write("Params Array: " + URLParser(url).getParams() + '<br>');
document.write("Param: " + URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write("Has Param: " + URLParser(url).hasParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write(url + '<br>');
// Remove the first parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam1');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the first parameter<br>');
// Add a third parameter
url = URLParser(url).setParam('myparam3',3);
document.write(url + ' - Add a third parameter<br>');
// Remove the second parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam2');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the second parameter<br>');
// Add a hash
url = URLParser(url).setHash('newhash');
document.write(url + ' - Set Hash<br>');
// Remove the last parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the last parameter<br>');
// Remove a parameter that doesn't exist
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove a parameter that doesn\"t exist<br>');
其他回答
function GetQueryStringParams(sParam)
{
var sPageURL = window.location.search.substring(1);
var sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&');
for (var i = 0; i < sURLVariables.length; i++)
{
var sParameterName = sURLVariables[i].split('=');
if (sParameterName[0] == sParam)
{
return sParameterName[1];
}
}
}
假设URL为
http://example.com/?stringtext=jquery&stringword=jquerybyexample
var tech = GetQueryStringParams('stringtext');
var blog = GetQueryStringParams('stringword');
ES2015(ES6)
getQueryStringParams = query => {
return query
? (/^[?#]/.test(query) ? query.slice(1) : query)
.split('&')
.reduce((params, param) => {
let [key, value] = param.split('=');
params[key] = value ? decodeURIComponent(value.replace(/\+/g, ' ')) : '';
return params;
}, {}
)
: {}
};
没有jQuery
var qs = (function(a) {
if (a == "") return {};
var b = {};
for (var i = 0; i < a.length; ++i)
{
var p=a[i].split('=', 2);
if (p.length == 1)
b[p[0]] = "";
else
b[p[0]] = decodeURIComponent(p[1].replace(/\+/g, " "));
}
return b;
})(window.location.search.substr(1).split('&'));
URL如下?topic=123&name=query+string,将返回以下内容:
qs["topic"]; // 123
qs["name"]; // query string
qs["nothere"]; // undefined (object)
Google方法
撕扯谷歌的代码,我找到了他们使用的方法:getUrlParameters
function (b) {
var c = typeof b === "undefined";
if (a !== h && c) return a;
for (var d = {}, b = b || k[B][vb], e = b[p]("?"), f = b[p]("#"), b = (f === -1 ? b[Ya](e + 1) : [b[Ya](e + 1, f - e - 1), "&", b[Ya](f + 1)][K](""))[z]("&"), e = i.dd ? ia : unescape, f = 0, g = b[w]; f < g; ++f) {
var l = b[f][p]("=");
if (l !== -1) {
var q = b[f][I](0, l),
l = b[f][I](l + 1),
l = l[Ca](/\+/g, " ");
try {
d[q] = e(l)
} catch (A) {}
}
}
c && (a = d);
return d
}
这是模糊的,但可以理解。它无法工作,因为某些变量未定义。
他们开始在url上查找参数?并且还从散列#中。然后,对于每个参数,它们以等号b[f][p](“=”)分割(看起来像indexOf,它们使用字符的位置来获取键/值)。拆分后,他们检查参数是否有值,如果有值,则存储d的值,否则继续。
最后返回对象d,处理转义和+符号。这个对象和我的一样,它有相同的行为。
我的方法作为jQuery插件
(function($) {
$.QueryString = (function(paramsArray) {
let params = {};
for (let i = 0; i < paramsArray.length; ++i)
{
let param = paramsArray[i]
.split('=', 2);
if (param.length !== 2)
continue;
params[param[0]] = decodeURIComponent(param[1].replace(/\+/g, " "));
}
return params;
})(window.location.search.substr(1).split('&'))
})(jQuery);
用法
//Get a param
$.QueryString.param
//-or-
$.QueryString["param"]
//This outputs something like...
//"val"
//Get all params as object
$.QueryString
//This outputs something like...
//Object { param: "val", param2: "val" }
//Set a param (only in the $.QueryString object, doesn't affect the browser's querystring)
$.QueryString.param = "newvalue"
//This doesn't output anything, it just updates the $.QueryString object
//Convert object into string suitable for url a querystring (Requires jQuery)
$.param($.QueryString)
//This outputs something like...
//"param=newvalue¶m2=val"
//Update the url/querystring in the browser's location bar with the $.QueryString object
history.replaceState({}, '', "?" + $.param($.QueryString));
//-or-
history.pushState({}, '', "?" + $.param($.QueryString));
性能测试(针对正则表达式方法的拆分方法)(jsPerf)
准备代码:方法声明
拆分测试代码
var qs = window.GetQueryString(query);
var search = qs["q"];
var value = qs["value"];
var undef = qs["undefinedstring"];
Regex测试代码
var search = window.getParameterByName("q");
var value = window.getParameterByName("value");
var undef = window.getParameterByName("undefinedstring");
在Windows Server 2008 R2/7 x64上的Firefox 4.0 x86中测试
拆分方法:最快144780±2.17%Regex方法:13891±0.85%|90%慢
下面是我将Andy E的优秀解决方案打造成一个成熟的jQuery插件的尝试:
;(function ($) {
$.extend({
getQueryString: function (name) {
function parseParams() {
var params = {},
e,
a = /\+/g, // Regex for replacing addition symbol with a space
r = /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g,
d = function (s) { return decodeURIComponent(s.replace(a, " ")); },
q = window.location.search.substring(1);
while (e = r.exec(q))
params[d(e[1])] = d(e[2]);
return params;
}
if (!this.queryStringParams)
this.queryStringParams = parseParams();
return this.queryStringParams[name];
}
});
})(jQuery);
语法为:
var someVar = $.getQueryString('myParam');
两全其美!
我经常使用正则表达式,但并非如此。
在我的应用程序中读取一次查询字符串,并从所有键/值对构建一个对象,对我来说似乎更容易、更有效,比如:
var search = function() {
var s = window.location.search.substr(1),
p = s.split(/\&/), l = p.length, kv, r = {};
if (l === 0) {return false;}
while (l--) {
kv = p[l].split(/\=/);
r[kv[0]] = decodeURIComponent(kv[1] || '') || true;
}
return r;
}();
对于URL,如http://example.com?param1=val1¶m2=val2您可以稍后在代码中以search.param1和search.param2的形式获取它们的值。
我喜欢Ryan Phelan的解决方案。但我看不出扩展jQuery有什么意义?没有使用jQuery功能。
另一方面,我喜欢Google Chrome中的内置函数:window.location.getParameter。
那么为什么不使用这个呢?好吧,其他浏览器没有。因此,如果不存在,让我们创建此函数:
if (!window.location.getParameter ) {
window.location.getParameter = function(key) {
function parseParams() {
var params = {},
e,
a = /\+/g, // Regex for replacing addition symbol with a space
r = /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g,
d = function (s) { return decodeURIComponent(s.replace(a, " ")); },
q = window.location.search.substring(1);
while (e = r.exec(q))
params[d(e[1])] = d(e[2]);
return params;
}
if (!this.queryStringParams)
this.queryStringParams = parseParams();
return this.queryStringParams[key];
};
}
该函数或多或少与Ryan Phelan有所不同,但包装方式不同:名称清晰,不依赖其他javascript库。有关此功能的更多信息,请访问我的博客。