是否有一种通过jQuery（或不使用）检索查询字符串值的无插件方法？
如果是，怎么办？如果没有，是否有插件可以这样做？
当前回答
可靠地做这件事比一开始想象的要复杂得多。
其他答案中使用的location.search很脆弱，应该避免使用-例如，如果有人搞砸了，并在？查询字符串。在我看来，URL在浏览器中自动转义的方式有很多种，这使得decodeURIComponent非常强制性。许多查询字符串是由用户输入生成的，这意味着对URL内容的假设非常糟糕。包括非常基本的东西，比如每个键都是唯一的，甚至有一个值。
为了解决这个问题，这里提供了一个可配置的API，并提供了健康的防御性编程。请注意，如果您愿意对某些变量进行硬编码，或者如果输入不能包含hasOwnProperty等，则可以将其大小减半。
版本1：返回包含每个参数的名称和值的数据对象。它有效地消除了重复，并始终尊重从左到右找到的第一个。
function getQueryData(url, paramKey, pairKey, missingValue, decode) {
var query, queryStart, fragStart, pairKeyStart, i, len, name, value, result;
if (!url || typeof url !== 'string') {
url = location.href; // more robust than location.search, which is flaky
}
if (!paramKey || typeof paramKey !== 'string') {
paramKey = '&';
}
if (!pairKey || typeof pairKey !== 'string') {
pairKey = '=';
}
// when you do not explicitly tell the API...
if (arguments.length < 5) {
// it will unescape parameter keys and values by default...
decode = true;
}
queryStart = url.indexOf('?');
if (queryStart >= 0) {
// grab everything after the very first ? question mark...
query = url.substring(queryStart + 1);
} else {
// assume the input is already parameter data...
query = url;
}
// remove fragment identifiers...
fragStart = query.indexOf('#');
if (fragStart >= 0) {
// remove everything after the first # hash mark...
query = query.substring(0, fragStart);
}
// make sure at this point we have enough material to do something useful...
if (query.indexOf(paramKey) >= 0 || query.indexOf(pairKey) >= 0) {
// we no longer need the whole query, so get the parameters...
query = query.split(paramKey);
result = {};
// loop through the parameters...
for (i = 0, len = query.length; i < len; i = i + 1) {
pairKeyStart = query[i].indexOf(pairKey);
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
name = query[i].substring(0, pairKeyStart);
} else {
name = query[i];
}
// only continue for non-empty names that we have not seen before...
if (name && !Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(result, name)) {
if (decode) {
// unescape characters with special meaning like ? and #
name = decodeURIComponent(name);
}
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
value = query[i].substring(pairKeyStart + 1);
if (value) {
if (decode) {
value = decodeURIComponent(value);
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
result[name] = value;
}
}
return result;
}
}
版本2：返回一个具有两个相同长度数组的数据映射对象，一个用于名称，另一个用于值，每个参数都有一个索引。此格式支持重复名称，并故意不消除重复名称，因为这可能就是您希望使用此格式的原因。
function getQueryData(url, paramKey, pairKey, missingValue, decode) {
var query, queryStart, fragStart, pairKeyStart, i, len, name, value, result;
if (!url || typeof url !== 'string') {
url = location.href; // more robust than location.search, which is flaky
}
if (!paramKey || typeof paramKey !== 'string') {
paramKey = '&';
}
if (!pairKey || typeof pairKey !== 'string') {
pairKey = '=';
}
// when you do not explicitly tell the API...
if (arguments.length < 5) {
// it will unescape parameter keys and values by default...
decode = true;
}
queryStart = url.indexOf('?');
if (queryStart >= 0) {
// grab everything after the very first ? question mark...
query = url.substring(queryStart + 1);
} else {
// assume the input is already parameter data...
query = url;
}
// remove fragment identifiers...
fragStart = query.indexOf('#');
if (fragStart >= 0) {
// remove everything after the first # hash mark...
query = query.substring(0, fragStart);
}
// make sure at this point we have enough material to do something useful...
if (query.indexOf(paramKey) >= 0 || query.indexOf(pairKey) >= 0) {
// we no longer need the whole query, so get the parameters...
query = query.split(paramKey);
result = {
names: [],
values: []
};
// loop through the parameters...
for (i = 0, len = query.length; i < len; i = i + 1) {
pairKeyStart = query[i].indexOf(pairKey);
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
name = query[i].substring(0, pairKeyStart);
} else {
name = query[i];
}
// only continue for non-empty names...
if (name) {
if (decode) {
// unescape characters with special meaning like ? and #
name = decodeURIComponent(name);
}
if (pairKeyStart >= 0) {
value = query[i].substring(pairKeyStart + 1);
if (value) {
if (decode) {
value = decodeURIComponent(value);
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
} else {
value = missingValue;
}
result.names.push(name);
result.values.push(value);
}
}
return result;
}
}
其他回答
下面是我将Andy E的优秀解决方案打造成一个成熟的jQuery插件的尝试：
;(function ($) {
$.extend({
getQueryString: function (name) {
function parseParams() {
var params = {},
e,
a = /\+/g, // Regex for replacing addition symbol with a space
r = /([^&=]+)=?([^&]*)/g,
d = function (s) { return decodeURIComponent(s.replace(a, " ")); },
q = window.location.search.substring(1);
while (e = r.exec(q))
params[d(e[1])] = d(e[2]);
return params;
}
if (!this.queryStringParams)
this.queryStringParams = parseParams();
return this.queryStringParams[name];
}
});
})(jQuery);
语法为：
var someVar = $.getQueryString('myParam');
两全其美！
function GetQueryStringParams(sParam)
{
var sPageURL = window.location.search.substring(1);
var sURLVariables = sPageURL.split('&');
for (var i = 0; i < sURLVariables.length; i++)
{
var sParameterName = sURLVariables[i].split('=');
if (sParameterName[0] == sParam)
{
return sParameterName[1];
}
}
}
假设URL为
http://example.com/?stringtext=jquery&stringword=jquerybyexample
var tech = GetQueryStringParams('stringtext');
var blog = GetQueryStringParams('stringword');
快速、轻松、快速：
功能：
function getUrlVar() {
var result = {};
var location = window.location.href.split('#');
var parts = location[0].replace(/[?&]+([^=&]+)=([^&]*)/gi, function(m,key,value) {
result [key] = value;
});
return result;
}
用法：
var varRequest = getUrlVar()["theUrlVarName"];
这些都是很好的答案，但我需要一些更强大的东西，我想你们可能都想拥有我创造的东西。
这是一种简单的库方法，可以对URL参数进行剖析和操作。静态方法有以下子方法，可以在主题URL上调用：
获取主机获取路径获取哈希setHash获取参数获取查询setParam（设置参数）获取参数hasParamremoveParam（删除参数）
例子：
URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1')
var url = "http://www.example.com/folder/mypage.html?myparam1=1&myparam2=2#something";
function URLParser(u){
var path="",query="",hash="",params;
if(u.indexOf("#") > 0){
hash = u.substr(u.indexOf("#") + 1);
u = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("#"));
}
if(u.indexOf("?") > 0){
path = u.substr(0 , u.indexOf("?"));
query = u.substr(u.indexOf("?") + 1);
params= query.split('&');
}else
path = u;
return {
getHost: function(){
var hostexp = /\/\/([\w.-]*)/;
var match = hostexp.exec(path);
if (match != null && match.length > 1)
return match[1];
return "";
},
getPath: function(){
var pathexp = /\/\/[\w.-]*(?:\/([^?]*))/;
var match = pathexp.exec(path);
if (match != null && match.length > 1)
return match[1];
return "";
},
getHash: function(){
return hash;
},
getParams: function(){
return params
},
getQuery: function(){
return query;
},
setHash: function(value){
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(value.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + value;
return path + query;
},
setParam: function(name, value){
if(!params){
params= new Array();
}
params.push(name + '=' + value);
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
if(query.length > 0)
query += "&";
query += params[i];
}
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(hash.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + hash;
return path + query;
},
getParam: function(name){
if(params){
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
return decodeURIComponent(pair[1]);
}
}
console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
},
hasParam: function(name){
if(params){
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == name)
return true;
}
}
console.log('Query variable %s not found', name);
},
removeParam: function(name){
query = "";
if(params){
var newparams = new Array();
for (var i = 0;i < params.length;i++) {
var pair = params[i].split('=');
if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) != name)
newparams .push(params[i]);
}
params = newparams;
for (var i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
if(query.length > 0)
query += "&";
query += params[i];
}
}
if(query.length > 0)
query = "?" + query;
if(hash.length > 0)
query = query + "#" + hash;
return path + query;
},
}
}
document.write("Host: " + URLParser(url).getHost() + '<br>');
document.write("Path: " + URLParser(url).getPath() + '<br>');
document.write("Query: " + URLParser(url).getQuery() + '<br>');
document.write("Hash: " + URLParser(url).getHash() + '<br>');
document.write("Params Array: " + URLParser(url).getParams() + '<br>');
document.write("Param: " + URLParser(url).getParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write("Has Param: " + URLParser(url).hasParam('myparam1') + '<br>');
document.write(url + '<br>');
// Remove the first parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam1');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the first parameter<br>');
// Add a third parameter
url = URLParser(url).setParam('myparam3',3);
document.write(url + ' - Add a third parameter<br>');
// Remove the second parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam2');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the second parameter<br>');
// Add a hash
url = URLParser(url).setHash('newhash');
document.write(url + ' - Set Hash<br>');
// Remove the last parameter
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove the last parameter<br>');
// Remove a parameter that doesn't exist
url = URLParser(url).removeParam('myparam3');
document.write(url + ' - Remove a parameter that doesn\"t exist<br>');
以下函数返回queryString的对象版本。您可以简单地编写obj.key1和obj.key2来访问参数中key1和key2的值。
function getQueryStringObject()
{
var querystring = document.location.search.replace('?','').split( '&' );
var objQueryString={};
var key="",val="";
if(typeof querystring == 'undefined')
{
return (typeof querystring);
}
for(i=0;i<querystring.length;i++)
{
key=querystring[i].split("=")[0];
val=querystring[i].split("=")[1];
objQueryString[key] = val;
}
return objQueryString;
}
要使用此函数，您可以编写
var obj= getQueryStringObject();
alert(obj.key1);
