我已经使用IE的web浏览器控件很多年了，在这期间，有一个名字一次又一次地出现在有用的帖子中:Igor Tandetnik

如果我正在开发一个扩展，我会瞄准一个BHO，并开始谷歌:

BHO Igor Tandetnik

OR

浏览器帮助对象Igor Tandetnik

他的帖子通常非常详细，他知道自己在说什么。

你会发现自己在COM和ATL编程上忙得不可开交。 要查看示例演练，请查看: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms976373.aspx

[更新]我更新这个答案与Internet Explorer 11，在Windows 10 x64与Visual Studio 2017社区。 这个答案的前一个版本(适用于Internet Explorer 8, Windows 7 x64和Visual Studio 2010)在这个答案的底部。

创建一个工作的Internet Explorer 11附加组件

我使用的是Visual Studio 2017 Community, c#， . net Framework 4.6.1，因此其中一些步骤对您来说可能略有不同。

您需要以管理员身份打开Visual Studio来构建解决方案，以便构建后的脚本可以注册BHO(需要注册表访问)。

首先创建一个类库。 我叫我的InternetExplorerExtension。

将这些引用添加到项目中:

交互操作。SHDocVw: COM标签/搜索“Microsoft Internet控件” 微软。mshtml:程序集标签/搜索"Microsoft.mshtml"

注意:不知怎么的，MSHTML没有在我的系统中注册，即使我可以在添加引用窗口中找到。这在构建时导致了一个错误:

找不到类型库“MSHTML”的包装程序集

修复程序可以在http://techninotes.blogspot.com/2016/08/fixing-cannot-find-wrapper-assembly-for.html上找到 或者，你可以运行这个批处理脚本:

"%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\Common7\Tools\VsDevCmd.bat"
cd "%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\Common7\IDE\PublicAssemblies"
regasm Microsoft.mshtml.dll
gacutil /i Microsoft.mshtml.dll

创建以下文件:

IEAddon.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using mshtml;
using SHDocVw;

namespace InternetExplorerExtension
{
    [ComVisible(true)]
    [ClassInterface(ClassInterfaceType.None)]
    [Guid("D40C654D-7C51-4EB3-95B2-1E23905C2A2D")]
    [ProgId("MyBHO.WordHighlighter")]
    public class WordHighlighterBHO : IObjectWithSite, IOleCommandTarget
    {
        const string DefaultTextToHighlight = "browser";

        IWebBrowser2 browser;
        private object site;

        #region Highlight Text
        void OnDocumentComplete(object pDisp, ref object URL)
        {
            try
            {
                // @Eric Stob: Thanks for this hint!
                // This was used to prevent this method being executed more than once in IE8... but now it seems to not work anymore.
                //if (pDisp != this.site)
                //    return;

                var document2 = browser.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
                var document3 = browser.Document as IHTMLDocument3;

                var window = document2.parentWindow;
                window.execScript(@"function FncAddedByAddon() { alert('Message added by addon.'); }");

                Queue<IHTMLDOMNode> queue = new Queue<IHTMLDOMNode>();
                foreach (IHTMLDOMNode eachChild in document3.childNodes)
                    queue.Enqueue(eachChild);

                while (queue.Count > 0)
                {
                    // replacing desired text with a highlighted version of it
                    var domNode = queue.Dequeue();

                    var textNode = domNode as IHTMLDOMTextNode;
                    if (textNode != null)
                    {
                        if (textNode.data.Contains(TextToHighlight))
                        {
                            var newText = textNode.data.Replace(TextToHighlight, "<span style='background-color: yellow; cursor: hand;' onclick='javascript:FncAddedByAddon()' title='Click to open script based alert window.'>" + TextToHighlight + "</span>");
                            var newNode = document2.createElement("span");
                            newNode.innerHTML = newText;
                            domNode.replaceNode((IHTMLDOMNode)newNode);
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        // adding children to collection
                        var x = (IHTMLDOMChildrenCollection)(domNode.childNodes);
                        foreach (IHTMLDOMNode eachChild in x)
                        {
                            if (eachChild is mshtml.IHTMLScriptElement)
                                continue;
                            if (eachChild is mshtml.IHTMLStyleElement)
                                continue;

                            queue.Enqueue(eachChild);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }
        }
        #endregion
        #region Load and Save Data
        static string TextToHighlight = DefaultTextToHighlight;
        public static string RegData = "Software\\MyIEExtension";

        [DllImport("ieframe.dll")]
        public static extern int IEGetWriteableHKCU(ref IntPtr phKey);

        private static void SaveOptions()
        {
            // In IE 7,8,9,(desktop)10 tabs run in Protected Mode
            // which prohibits writes to HKLM, HKCU.
            // Must ask IE for "Writable" registry section pointer
            // which will be something like HKU/S-1-7***/Software/AppDataLow/
            // In "metro" IE 10 mode, tabs run in "Enhanced Protected Mode"
            // where BHOs are not allowed to run, except in edge cases.
            // see http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2012/03/23/understanding-ie10-enhanced-protected-mode-network-security-addons-cookies-metro-desktop.aspx
            IntPtr phKey = new IntPtr();
            var answer = IEGetWriteableHKCU(ref phKey);
            RegistryKey writeable_registry = RegistryKey.FromHandle(
                new Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeRegistryHandle(phKey, true)
            );
            RegistryKey registryKey = writeable_registry.OpenSubKey(RegData, true);

            if (registryKey == null)
                registryKey = writeable_registry.CreateSubKey(RegData);
            registryKey.SetValue("Data", TextToHighlight);

            writeable_registry.Close();
        }
        private static void LoadOptions()
        {
            // In IE 7,8,9,(desktop)10 tabs run in Protected Mode
            // which prohibits writes to HKLM, HKCU.
            // Must ask IE for "Writable" registry section pointer
            // which will be something like HKU/S-1-7***/Software/AppDataLow/
            // In "metro" IE 10 mode, tabs run in "Enhanced Protected Mode"
            // where BHOs are not allowed to run, except in edge cases.
            // see http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2012/03/23/understanding-ie10-enhanced-protected-mode-network-security-addons-cookies-metro-desktop.aspx
            IntPtr phKey = new IntPtr();
            var answer = IEGetWriteableHKCU(ref phKey);
            RegistryKey writeable_registry = RegistryKey.FromHandle(
                new Microsoft.Win32.SafeHandles.SafeRegistryHandle(phKey, true)
            );
            RegistryKey registryKey = writeable_registry.OpenSubKey(RegData, true);

            if (registryKey == null)
                registryKey = writeable_registry.CreateSubKey(RegData);
            registryKey.SetValue("Data", TextToHighlight);

            if (registryKey == null)
            {
                TextToHighlight = DefaultTextToHighlight;
            }
            else
            {
                TextToHighlight = (string)registryKey.GetValue("Data");
            }
            writeable_registry.Close();
        }
        #endregion

        [Guid("6D5140C1-7436-11CE-8034-00AA006009FA")]
        [InterfaceType(1)]
        public interface IServiceProvider
        {
            int QueryService(ref Guid guidService, ref Guid riid, out IntPtr ppvObject);
        }

        #region Implementation of IObjectWithSite
        int IObjectWithSite.SetSite(object site)
        {
            this.site = site;

            if (site != null)
            {
                LoadOptions();

                var serviceProv = (IServiceProvider)this.site;
                var guidIWebBrowserApp = Marshal.GenerateGuidForType(typeof(IWebBrowserApp)); // new Guid("0002DF05-0000-0000-C000-000000000046");
                var guidIWebBrowser2 = Marshal.GenerateGuidForType(typeof(IWebBrowser2)); // new Guid("D30C1661-CDAF-11D0-8A3E-00C04FC9E26E");
                IntPtr intPtr;
                serviceProv.QueryService(ref guidIWebBrowserApp, ref guidIWebBrowser2, out intPtr);

                browser = (IWebBrowser2)Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(intPtr);

                ((DWebBrowserEvents2_Event)browser).DocumentComplete +=
                    new DWebBrowserEvents2_DocumentCompleteEventHandler(this.OnDocumentComplete);
            }
            else
            {
                ((DWebBrowserEvents2_Event)browser).DocumentComplete -=
                    new DWebBrowserEvents2_DocumentCompleteEventHandler(this.OnDocumentComplete);
                browser = null;
            }
            return 0;
        }
        int IObjectWithSite.GetSite(ref Guid guid, out IntPtr ppvSite)
        {
            IntPtr punk = Marshal.GetIUnknownForObject(browser);
            int hr = Marshal.QueryInterface(punk, ref guid, out ppvSite);
            Marshal.Release(punk);
            return hr;
        }
        #endregion
        #region Implementation of IOleCommandTarget
        int IOleCommandTarget.QueryStatus(IntPtr pguidCmdGroup, uint cCmds, ref OLECMD prgCmds, IntPtr pCmdText)
        {
            return 0;
        }
        int IOleCommandTarget.Exec(IntPtr pguidCmdGroup, uint nCmdID, uint nCmdexecopt, IntPtr pvaIn, IntPtr pvaOut)
        {
            try
            {
                // Accessing the document from the command-bar.
                var document = browser.Document as IHTMLDocument2;
                var window = document.parentWindow;
                var result = window.execScript(@"alert('You will now be allowed to configure the text to highlight...');");

                var form = new HighlighterOptionsForm();
                form.InputText = TextToHighlight;
                if (form.ShowDialog() != DialogResult.Cancel)
                {
                    TextToHighlight = form.InputText;
                    SaveOptions();
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }

            return 0;
        }
        #endregion

        #region Registering with regasm
        public static string RegBHO = "Software\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Explorer\\Browser Helper Objects";
        public static string RegCmd = "Software\\Microsoft\\Internet Explorer\\Extensions";

        [ComRegisterFunction]
        public static void RegisterBHO(Type type)
        {
            string guid = type.GUID.ToString("B");

            // BHO
            {
                RegistryKey registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(RegBHO, true);
                if (registryKey == null)
                    registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(RegBHO);
                RegistryKey key = registryKey.OpenSubKey(guid);
                if (key == null)
                    key = registryKey.CreateSubKey(guid);
                key.SetValue("Alright", 1);
                registryKey.Close();
                key.Close();
            }

            // Command
            {
                RegistryKey registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(RegCmd, true);
                if (registryKey == null)
                    registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.CreateSubKey(RegCmd);
                RegistryKey key = registryKey.OpenSubKey(guid);
                if (key == null)
                    key = registryKey.CreateSubKey(guid);
                key.SetValue("ButtonText", "Highlighter options");
                key.SetValue("CLSID", "{1FBA04EE-3024-11d2-8F1F-0000F87ABD16}");
                key.SetValue("ClsidExtension", guid);
                key.SetValue("Icon", "");
                key.SetValue("HotIcon", "");
                key.SetValue("Default Visible", "Yes");
                key.SetValue("MenuText", "&Highlighter options");
                key.SetValue("ToolTip", "Highlighter options");
                //key.SetValue("KeyPath", "no");
                registryKey.Close();
                key.Close();
            }
        }

        [ComUnregisterFunction]
        public static void UnregisterBHO(Type type)
        {
            string guid = type.GUID.ToString("B");
            // BHO
            {
                RegistryKey registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(RegBHO, true);
                if (registryKey != null)
                    registryKey.DeleteSubKey(guid, false);
            }
            // Command
            {
                RegistryKey registryKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(RegCmd, true);
                if (registryKey != null)
                    registryKey.DeleteSubKey(guid, false);
            }
        }
        #endregion
    }
}

Interop.cs

using System;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
namespace InternetExplorerExtension
{
    [ComVisible(true)]
    [InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    [Guid("FC4801A3-2BA9-11CF-A229-00AA003D7352")]
    public interface IObjectWithSite
    {
        [PreserveSig]
        int SetSite([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IUnknown)]object site);
        [PreserveSig]
        int GetSite(ref Guid guid, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.IUnknown)]out IntPtr ppvSite);
    }


    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Unicode)]
    public struct OLECMDTEXT
    {
        public uint cmdtextf;
        public uint cwActual;
        public uint cwBuf;
        [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValTStr, SizeConst = 100)]
        public char rgwz;
    }

    [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
    public struct OLECMD
    {
        public uint cmdID;
        public uint cmdf;
    }

    [ComImport(), ComVisible(true),
    Guid("B722BCCB-4E68-101B-A2BC-00AA00404770"),
    InterfaceTypeAttribute(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)]
    public interface IOleCommandTarget
    {

        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
        [PreserveSig]
        int QueryStatus(
            [In] IntPtr pguidCmdGroup,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] uint cCmds,
            [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Struct)] ref OLECMD prgCmds,
            //This parameter must be IntPtr, as it can be null
            [In, Out] IntPtr pCmdText);

        [return: MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.I4)]
        [PreserveSig]
        int Exec(
            //[In] ref Guid pguidCmdGroup,
            //have to be IntPtr, since null values are unacceptable
            //and null is used as default group!
            [In] IntPtr pguidCmdGroup,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] uint nCmdID,
            [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] uint nCmdexecopt,
            [In] IntPtr pvaIn,
            [In, Out] IntPtr pvaOut);
    }
}

最后是一个表单，我们会用它来配置选项。在这个表单中放置一个文本框和一个Ok按钮。将按钮的dialgresult设置为Ok。将以下代码放入表单代码:

using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace InternetExplorerExtension
{
    public partial class HighlighterOptionsForm : Form
    {
        public HighlighterOptionsForm()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        public string InputText
        {
            get { return this.textBox1.Text; }
            set { this.textBox1.Text = value; }
        }
    }
}

在项目属性中，执行以下操作:

Sign the assembly with a strong-key; In the Debug tab, set Start External Program to C:\Program Files (x86)\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe In the Debug tab, set Command Line Arguments to http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms976373.aspx#bho_getintouch In the Build Events tab, set Post-build events command line to: "%ProgramFiles(x86)%\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v10.0A\bin\NETFX 4.6.1 Tools\gacutil.exe" /f /i "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)" "%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" /unregister "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)" "%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"

注意:即使我的电脑是x64，我使用了非x64的gacutil.exe路径，它工作…特定于x64的是:

C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v10.0A\bin\NETFX 4.6.1 Tools\x64\gacutil.exe

64位IE需要64位编译和64位注册的BHO。虽然我只能使用32位的IE11进行调试，但32位的注册扩展也可以通过运行64位的IE11工作。

这个答案似乎有一些关于这个的额外信息:https://stackoverflow.com/a/23004613/195417

如果需要，你可以使用64位regasm:

%windir%\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe

这个附加组件是如何工作的

我没有改变附加组件的行为…看看下面IE8部分的描述。

---

## IE8之前的答案

男人。这可是个大工程! 我对如何做到这一点非常好奇，所以我自己做了。

首先……功劳不全是我的。这是我在这些网站上发现的一个汇编:

CodeProject文章，如何制作BHO; 15秒，但不是15秒，它花了大约7个小时; 微软教程，帮助我添加命令按钮。 这就是社交。msdn主题，这帮助我弄清楚程序集必须在GAC中。 这篇MSDN博客文章包含了一个完整的示例 许多其他地点，在发现过程中…

当然，我希望我的答案具有你所要求的特征:

DOM遍历来找到一些东西; 一个显示窗口的按钮(在我的例子中是设置窗口) 持久化配置(我将使用注册表) 最后执行javascript。

我将一步一步地描述它，我是如何在Windows 7 x64中使用Internet Explorer 8工作的……请注意，我无法在其他配置中进行测试。希望你能理解=)

创建一个工作的Internet Explorer 8附加组件

我使用的是Visual Studio 2010, c# 4， . net Framework 4，所以这些步骤对你来说可能略有不同。

创建类库。我叫我的InternetExplorerExtension。

将这些引用添加到项目中:

交互操作。SHDocVw Microsoft.mshtml

注意:这些引用可能位于每台计算机的不同位置。

这是我在csproj中的引用部分包含的内容:

<Reference Include="Interop.SHDocVw, Version=1.1.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=90ba9c70f846762e, processorArchitecture=MSIL">
  <SpecificVersion>False</SpecificVersion>
  <EmbedInteropTypes>True</EmbedInteropTypes>
  <HintPath>C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\Common7\IDE\PrivateAssemblies\Interop.SHDocVw.dll</HintPath>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="Microsoft.CSharp" />
<Reference Include="Microsoft.mshtml, Version=7.0.3300.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a">
  <EmbedInteropTypes>True</EmbedInteropTypes>
</Reference>
<Reference Include="System" />
<Reference Include="System.Data" />
<Reference Include="System.Drawing" />
<Reference Include="System.Windows.Forms" />
<Reference Include="System.Xml" />

按照IE11更新文件的方法创建文件。

IEAddon.cs

你可以从IE11版本中取消注释以下行:

...
// @Eric Stob: Thanks for this hint!
// This was used to prevent this method being executed more than once in IE8... but now it seems to not work anymore.
if (pDisp != this.site)
    return;
...

Interop.cs

IE11版本相同。

最后是一个表单，我们会用它来配置选项。在这个表单中放置一个文本框和一个Ok按钮。将按钮的dialgresult设置为Ok。该代码是相同的IE11插件。

在项目属性中，执行以下操作:

Sign the assembly with a strong-key; In the Debug tab, set Start External Program to C:\Program Files (x86)\Internet Explorer\iexplore.exe In the Debug tab, set Command Line Arguments to http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms976373.aspx#bho_getintouch In the Build Events tab, set Post-build events command line to: "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools\x64\gacutil.exe" /f /i "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)" "C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" /unregister "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)" "C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"

注意:由于我的计算机是x64，在我的计算机上的gacutil可执行文件的路径中有一个特定的x64，可能与您的计算机上的不同。

64位IE需要64位编译和64位注册的BHO。使用64位RegAsm.exe(通常位于C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe)

这个附加组件是如何工作的

It traverses all DOM tree, replacing the text, configured using the button, by itself with a yellow background. If you click on the yellowed texts, it calls a javascript function that was inserted on the page dynamically. The default word is 'browser', so that it matches a lot of them! EDIT: after changing the string to be highlighted, you must click the URL box and press Enter... F5 will not work, I think that it is because F5 is considered as 'navigation', and it would require to listen to navigate event (maybe). I'll try to fix that later.

现在，该走了。我很累。 请随意提问……也许我不能回答，因为我要去旅行了……三天后我就回来了，不过这段时间我会尽量赶回来的。

The state for IE extensions is actually pretty sad. You have the old model of IE5 Browser Helper Object (yeah, those infamous BHOs that everyone liked to block back in the day), toolbars and the new accelerators for IE. Even then, compatibility will break sometimes. I used to maintain an extension for IE6 that broke with IE7, so there are some things that have changed. For the most part, as far as I know (I haven't touch BHOs in years) you still need to code them using Active Template Libraries (kind of like an STL for Microsoft's COM) and well as such is only for C++. You could do COM Interop with C# and get away with doing it in C# but its probably going to be too hard for what it is worth. Anyway, if you are interested in coding your own extension for IE (which is plausible if you want to have your extensions available in all major browsers) here are the official Microsoft Resources.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa753587 (v = vs.85) . aspx

至于IE8中新增的加速器，你可以看看这个。

http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc289775 (v = vs.85) . aspx

我同意它的文档很糟糕，api也很过时。不过，我希望这能有所帮助。

EDIT: I guess I can throw one last source of information here. I was looking through my notes of back when I was working on BHOs. And this is the article that got me started with them. It is kind of old, but has a good explanation of the ATL interfaces that you will be using when working with IE BHOs (IObjectWithSite for example). I think it is pretty well explained and helped me a lot back then. http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb250436.aspx I also checked the example that GregC posted. It does work with at least IE8, and it is compatible with VS 2010, so if you want to do C# you can get started there and take a look at Jon Skeet's Book. (C# in Depth 2nd edition) Chapter 13 has a good deal of information about the new features in C# 4 that you can use to make the interaction with COM nicer. (I would still recommend you doing your addin in C++)

在Build Events选项卡中，将Post-build Events命令行设置为:(x64)如下所示

"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\Bin\NETFX 4.0 Tools\x64\gacutil.exe" /if "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"    
"C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" /u "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"    
"C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"

我想要构建事件选项卡，将构建后事件命令行设置为(32位操作系统)

"C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1\Bin\gacutil.exe" /if "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"    
"C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" /u "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"    
"C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework\v4.0.30319\RegAsm.exe" "$(TargetDir)$(TargetFileName)"

开发c# bho是一件非常痛苦的事情。它涉及大量烦人的COM代码和p/invoke调用。

我这里有一个基本完成的c# BHO，你可以自由地使用源代码来做任何你想做的事情。我之所以说“大部分”，是因为我从未弄清楚如何在IE保护模式下保存appdata。

另一个很酷的方法是查看:

http://www.crossrider.org

它是一个基于JS和jquery的框架，可以让你用一个简单的JS代码为IE, FF和Chrome开发浏览器扩展。 基本上，框架完成了所有烦人的工作，剩下的就是编写应用程序代码。