我在viewDidLoad中应用了以下代码，它可以工作:

  // this will set the back button title
self.navigationController.navigationBar.topItem.title = @"Test";

 // this line set the back button and default icon color  

//[[self.navigationController.navigationBar.subviews lastObject] setTintColor:[UIColor blackColor]];

this line change the back default icon to your custom icon
[[self.navigationController.navigationBar.subviews lastObject] setTintColor:[UIColor colorWithPatternImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"menuicon"]]];

只是更新我使用矢量图标

 // add left bar button item

try this code:

- (void)viewDidLoad
{ 
    [super viewDidLoad];

   UIImage* image_back = [UIImage imageNamed:@"your_leftarrowImage.png"];
    CGRect backframe = CGRectMake(250, 9, 15,21);
    UIButton *backbutton = [[UIButton alloc] initWithFrame:backframe];
    [backbutton setBackgroundImage:image_back forState:UIControlStateNormal];
    [backbutton addTarget:self action:@selector(Btn_back:)
         forControlEvents:UIControlEventTouchUpInside];
    [backbutton setShowsTouchWhenHighlighted:YES];
    UIBarButtonItem *backbarbutton =[[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithCustomView:backbutton];
    self.navigationItem.leftBarButtonItem=backbarbutton;
    [backbutton release];

}
-(IBAction)Btn_back:(id)sender
{
    [self.navigationController popViewControllerAnimated:YES];

}

所有的答案都不能解决问题。在每个视图控制器中设置后退按钮标题，并且添加偏移量仍然会使下一个视图控制器标题向右移动，这是不可接受的。

这里是使用方法swizzling的方法，只需创建新的扩展UINavigationItem

import UIKit

extension UINavigationItem {
    public override class func initialize() {

    struct Static {
        static var token: dispatch_once_t = 0
    }

    // make sure this isn't a subclass
    if self !== UINavigationItem.self {
        return
    }

    dispatch_once(&Static.token) {
        let originalSelector = Selector("backBarButtonItem")
        let swizzledSelector = #selector(UINavigationItem.noTitleBackBarButtonItem)

        let originalMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(self, originalSelector)
        let swizzledMethod = class_getInstanceMethod(self, swizzledSelector)

        let didAddMethod = class_addMethod(self, originalSelector, method_getImplementation(swizzledMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(swizzledMethod))

        if didAddMethod {
            class_replaceMethod(self, swizzledSelector, method_getImplementation(originalMethod), method_getTypeEncoding(originalMethod))
        } else {
            method_exchangeImplementations(originalMethod, swizzledMethod)
        }
    }
}

// MARK: - Method Swizzling

struct AssociatedKeys {
    static var ArrowBackButtonKey = "noTitleArrowBackButtonKey"
}

func noTitleBackBarButtonItem() -> UIBarButtonItem? {
    if let item = self.noTitleBackBarButtonItem() {
        return item
    }

    if let item = objc_getAssociatedObject(self, &AssociatedKeys.ArrowBackButtonKey) as? UIBarButtonItem {
        return item
    } else {
        let newItem = UIBarButtonItem(title: " ", style: UIBarButtonItemStyle.Plain, target: nil, action: nil)
        objc_setAssociatedObject(self, &AssociatedKeys.ArrowBackButtonKey, newItem as UIBarButtonItem?, .OBJC_ASSOCIATION_RETAIN_NONATOMIC)
        return newItem
    }
}
}

我从iOS 5开始就一直在使用这个解决方案，没有任何问题。我在视图控制器中调用了一个实用函数。你需要在viewDidLoad或之后的任何点中做。

void updateBackButtonTextForViewController(UIViewController *viewController, NSString *text)
{
    if(! viewController.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem)
    {
        viewController.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem =
        [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:text
                                         style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain
                                        target:nil action:nil];
    }
    else
    {
        viewController.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem.title = text;
    }
}

在某些情况下，导航项可能已经存在，在其他情况下需要创建它。这在不影响导航项标题的情况下解释了这两种情况。它允许你通过简单地传入@""来删除标题。

设置返回按钮项目标题为空字符串。

[自我navigationController navigationBar。backItem setTitle: @“”);

其实很简单，我是这么做的:

Objective - C

// Set this in every view controller so that the back button displays back instead of the root view controller name
self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = [[UIBarButtonItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"" style:UIBarButtonItemStylePlain target:nil action:nil];

斯威夫特2

self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = UIBarButtonItem(title: "", style: .Plain, target: nil, action: nil)

斯威夫特3

self.navigationItem.backBarButtonItem = UIBarButtonItem(title: "", style: .plain, target: nil, action: nil)

把这一行放到推送到堆栈(前一个视图控制器)的视图控制器中。新按下的视图控制器返回按钮现在将显示你为initWithTitle所放的任何东西，在本例中是一个空字符串。