使用RecyclerView创建动态列表:

当我们创建一个RecyclerView时。适配器我们必须指定ViewHolder,它将绑定到适配器。

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<MyAdapter.ViewHolder> {

    private String[] mDataset;

    public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) {
        mDataset = myDataset;
    }

    public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        public TextView mTextView;
        public ViewHolder(TextView v) {
            super(v);
            mTextView = v;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
        View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext()).inflate(R.layout.some_layout, parent, false);

        //findViewById...

        ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(v);
        return vh;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]);
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return mDataset.length;
    }
}

有可能创建多个视图类型的RecyclerView吗?


当前回答

虽然选择的答案是正确的,但我只是想进一步阐述它。我发现一个有用的自定义适配器为多种视图类型在RecyclerView。 它的Kotlin版本在这里。

自定义适配器如下:

public class CustomAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder> {
    private final Context context;
    ArrayList<String> list; // ArrayList of your Data Model
    final int VIEW_TYPE_ONE = 1;
    final int VIEW_TYPE_TWO = 2;

    public CustomAdapter(Context context, ArrayList<String> list) { // you can pass other parameters in constructor
        this.context = context;
        this.list = list;
    }

    private class ViewHolder1 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView yourView;
        ViewHolder1(final View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            yourView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.yourView); // Initialize your All views prensent in list items
        }
        void bind(int position) {
            // This method will be called anytime a list item is created or update its data
            // Do your stuff here
            yourView.setText(list.get(position));
        }
    }

    private class ViewHolder2 extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

        TextView yourView;
        ViewHolder2(final View itemView) {
            super(itemView);
            yourView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.yourView); // Initialize your All views prensent in list items
        }
        void bind(int position) {
            // This method will be called anytime a list item is created or update its data
            //Do your stuff here
            yourView.setText(list.get(position));
        }
    }

    @Override
    public RecyclerView.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {
       if (viewType == VIEW_TYPE_ONE) {
           return new ViewHolder1(LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.your_list_item_1, parent, false));
       }
       //if its not VIEW_TYPE_ONE then its VIEW_TYPE_TWO
       return new ViewHolder2(LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.your_list_item_2, parent, false));

    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(RecyclerView.ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        if (list.get(position).type == Something) { // Put your condition, according to your requirements
            ((ViewHolder1) holder).bind(position);
        } else {
            ((ViewHolder2) holder).bind(position);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemCount() {
        return list.size();
    }

    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        // Here you can get decide from your model's ArrayList, which type of view you need to load. Like
        if (list.get(position).type == Something) { // Put your condition, according to your requirements
            return VIEW_TYPE_ONE;
        }
        return VIEW_TYPE_TWO;
    }
}

其他回答

我看到有很多很棒的答案,令人难以置信的详细和广泛。就我而言,如果我几乎从头开始,一步一步地推理,我总是能更好地理解事情。我建议你看看这个链接,每当你有类似的问题,搜索任何解决这个问题的代码实验室。

Android Kotlin基本原理:在RecyclerView头

实际上,我想改进一下安东的回答。

由于getItemViewType(int position)返回一个整数值,您可以返回需要膨胀的布局资源ID。这样你就可以在onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType)方法中保存一些逻辑。

此外,我不建议在getItemCount()中进行密集的计算,因为在呈现列表时,以及在呈现可见项之外的每个项时,该特定函数至少被调用了5次。遗憾的是,由于notifyDatasetChanged()方法是final方法,所以不能重写它,但是可以从适配器中的另一个函数调用它。

如果你想将它与Android数据绑定结合使用,请查看https://github.com/evant/binding-collection-adapter -它是迄今为止我所见过的多种视图类型RecyclerView的最佳解决方案。

你可以这样使用它

var items: AsyncDiffPagedObservableList<BaseListItem> =
        AsyncDiffPagedObservableList(GenericDiff)

    val onItemBind: OnItemBind<BaseListItem> =
        OnItemBind { itemBinding, _, item -> itemBinding.set(BR.item, item.layoutRes) }

然后在列表所在的布局中

 <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
                android:layout_width="match_parent"
                android:layout_height="0dp"
                android:layout_weight="1"
                app:enableAnimations="@{false}"
                app:scrollToPosition="@{viewModel.scrollPosition}"

                app:itemBinding="@{viewModel.onItemBind}"
                app:items="@{viewModel.items}"

                app:reverseLayoutManager="@{true}"/>

你的列表项必须实现BaseListItem接口,它看起来像这样:

interface BaseListItem {
    val layoutRes: Int
}

项目视图应该看起来像这样:

<layout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

    <data>

        <variable
                name="item"
                type="...presentation.somescreen.list.YourListItem"/>
    </data>

   ...

</layout>

YourListItem实现BaseListItem。

我有一个更好的解决方案,它允许以声明性和类型安全的方式创建多个视图类型。它是用Kotlin写的,顺便说一下,这真的很棒。

所有所需视图类型的简单视图持有者

class ViewHolderMedium(itemView: View) : RecyclerView.ViewHolder(itemView) {
    val icon: ImageView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.icon) as ImageView
    val label: TextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.label) as TextView
}

有一个适配器数据项的抽象。注意,视图类型由特定视图持有者类(Kotlin中的KClass)的hashCode表示。

trait AdapterItem {
   val viewType: Int
   fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder)
}

abstract class AdapterItemBase<T>(val viewHolderClass: KClass<T>) : AdapterItem {
   override val viewType: Int = viewHolderClass.hashCode()
   abstract fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: T)
   override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder) {
       bindViewHolder(viewHolder as T)
   }
}

只有bindViewHolder需要在具体的适配器项类中重写(类型安全的方式)。

class AdapterItemMedium(val icon: Drawable, val label: String, val onClick: () -> Unit) : AdapterItemBase<ViewHolderMedium>(ViewHolderMedium::class) {
    override fun bindViewHolder(viewHolder: ViewHolderMedium) {
        viewHolder.icon.setImageDrawable(icon)
        viewHolder.label.setText(label)
        viewHolder.itemView.setOnClickListener { onClick() }
    }
}

这样的AdapterItemMedium对象的列表是适配器的数据源,它实际上接受List<AdapterItem>。见下文。

这个解决方案的重要部分是视图持有者工厂,它将提供特定ViewHolder的新实例:

class ViewHolderProvider {
    private val viewHolderFactories = hashMapOf<Int, Pair<Int, Any>>()

    fun provideViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
        val (layoutId: Int, f: Any) = viewHolderFactories.get(viewType)
        val viewHolderFactory = f as (View) -> RecyclerView.ViewHolder
        val view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(layoutId, viewGroup, false)
        return viewHolderFactory(view)
    }

    fun registerViewHolderFactory<T>(key: KClass<T>, layoutId: Int, viewHolderFactory: (View) -> T) {
        viewHolderFactories.put(key.hashCode(), Pair(layoutId, viewHolderFactory))
    }
}

简单的适配器类是这样的:

public class MultitypeAdapter(val items: List<AdapterItem>) : RecyclerView.Adapter<RecyclerView.ViewHolder>() {

   val viewHolderProvider = ViewHolderProvider() // inject ex Dagger2

   init {
        viewHolderProvider!!.registerViewHolderFactory(ViewHolderMedium::class, R.layout.item_medium, { itemView ->
            ViewHolderMedium(itemView)
        })
   }

   override fun getItemViewType(position: Int): Int {
        return items[position].viewType
    }

    override fun getItemCount(): Int {
        return items.size()
    }

    override fun onCreateViewHolder(viewGroup: ViewGroup, viewType: Int): RecyclerView.ViewHolder? {
        return viewHolderProvider!!.provideViewHolder(viewGroup, viewType)
    }

    override fun onBindViewHolder(viewHolder: RecyclerView.ViewHolder, position: Int) {
        items[position].bindViewHolder(viewHolder)
    }
}

创建一个新的视图类型只需要三个步骤:

创建一个视图持有者类 创建一个适配器项类(从AdapterItemBase扩展) 在ViewHolderProvider中注册视图持有者类

下面是这个概念的一个例子:android-drawer-template。

它甚至更进一步—视图类型充当旋转组件,具有可选择的适配器项。

下面的代码不是伪代码。我已经测试过了,它对我很有效。

我想在我的recyclerview中创建一个headerview,然后在用户可以点击的标题下面显示一个图片列表。

我在我的代码中使用了一些开关,不知道这是否是最有效的方法,所以请随意给出您的评论:

   public class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{

        //These are the general elements in the RecyclerView
        public TextView place;
        public ImageView pics;

        //This is the Header on the Recycler (viewType = 0)
        public TextView name, description;

        //This constructor would switch what to findViewBy according to the type of viewType
        public ViewHolder(View v, int viewType) {
            super(v);
            if (viewType == 0) {
                name = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.name);
                decsription = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.description);
            } else if (viewType == 1) {
                place = (TextView) v.findViewById(R.id.place);
                pics = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.pics);
            }
        }
    }


    @Override
    public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,
                                         int viewType)
    {
        View v;
        ViewHolder vh;
        // create a new view
        switch (viewType) {
            case 0: //This would be the header view in my Recycler
                v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                    .inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_welcome, parent, false);
                vh = new ViewHolder(v,viewType);
                return  vh;
            default: //This would be the normal list with the pictures of the places in the world
                v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())
                        .inflate(R.layout.recyclerview_picture, parent, false);
                vh = new ViewHolder(v, viewType);
                v.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener(){

                    @Override
                    public void onClick(View v) {
                        Intent intent = new Intent(mContext, nextActivity.class);
                        intent.putExtra("ListNo",mRecyclerView.getChildPosition(v));
                        mContext.startActivity(intent);
                    }
                });
                return vh;
        }
    }

    //Overridden so that I can display custom rows in the recyclerview
    @Override
    public int getItemViewType(int position) {
        int viewType = 1; //Default is 1
        if (position == 0) viewType = 0; //If zero, it will be a header view
        return viewType;
    }

    @Override
    public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {
        //position == 0 means it's the info header view on the Recycler
        if (position == 0) {
            holder.name.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(mContext,"name clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            holder.description.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
                @Override
                public void onClick(View v) {
                    Toast.makeText(mContext,"description clicked", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                }
            });
            //This means it is beyond the headerview now as it is no longer 0. For testing purposes, I'm alternating between two pics for now
        } else if (position > 0) {
           holder.place.setText(mDataset[position]);
            if (position % 2 == 0) {
               holder.pics.setImageDrawable(mContext.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.pic1));
            }
            if (position % 2 == 1) {
                holder.pics.setImageDrawable(mContext.getResources().getDrawable(R.drawable.pic2));
            }
        }
    }