我如何让一个函数等待,直到所有的jQuery Ajax请求在另一个函数内完成?

简而言之,在执行下一个Ajax请求之前,我需要等待所有Ajax请求都完成。但如何?


当前回答

在@BBonifield回答的基础上,我写了一个实用函数,这样信号量逻辑就不会分布在所有ajax调用中。

untilAjax是一个实用函数,它在所有ajaxCalls完成后调用回调函数。

ajaxObjs是一个ajax设置对象的数组[http://api.jquery.com/jQuery.ajax/]。

Fn是回调函数

function untilAjax(ajaxObjs, fn) {
  if (!ajaxObjs || !fn) {
    return;
  }
  var ajaxCount = ajaxObjs.length,
    succ = null;

  for (var i = 0; i < ajaxObjs.length; i++) { //append logic to invoke callback function once all the ajax calls are completed, in success handler.
    succ = ajaxObjs[i]['success'];
    ajaxObjs[i]['success'] = function(data) { //modified success handler
      if (succ) {
        succ(data);
      }
      ajaxCount--;
      if (ajaxCount == 0) {
        fn(); //modify statement suitably if you want 'this' keyword to refer to another object
      }
    };
    $.ajax(ajaxObjs[i]); //make ajax call
    succ = null;
  };

示例:doSomething函数使用untilAjax。

function doSomething() {
  // variable declarations
  untilAjax([{
    url: 'url2',
    dataType: 'json',
    success: function(data) {
      //do something with success data
    }
  }, {
    url: 'url1',
    dataType: 'json',
    success: function(data) {
      //do something with success data
    }
  }, {
    url: 'url2',
    dataType: 'json',
    success: function(response) {
      //do something with success data
    }
  }], function() {
    // logic after all the calls are completed.
  });
}

其他回答

为了扩展Alex的回答,我举了一个带有可变论点和承诺的例子。我想通过ajax加载图像,并在它们全部加载后显示在页面上。

为了做到这一点,我使用了以下方法:

let urlCreator = window.URL || window.webkitURL;

// Helper function for making ajax requests
let fetch = function(url) {
    return $.ajax({
        type: "get",
        xhrFields: {
            responseType: "blob"
        },
        url: url,
    });
};

// Map the array of urls to an array of ajax requests
let urls = ["https://placekitten.com/200/250", "https://placekitten.com/300/250"];
let files = urls.map(url => fetch(url));

// Use the spread operator to wait for all requests
$.when(...files).then(function() {
    // If we have multiple urls, then loop through
    if(urls.length > 1) {
        // Create image urls and tags for each result
        Array.from(arguments).forEach(data => {
            let imageUrl = urlCreator.createObjectURL(data[0]);
            let img = `<img src=${imageUrl}>`;
            $("#image_container").append(img);
        });
    }
    else {
        // Create image source and tag for result
        let imageUrl = urlCreator.createObjectURL(arguments[0]);
        let img = `<img src=${imageUrl}>`;
        $("#image_container").append(img);
    }
});

更新工作的单个或多个url: https://jsfiddle.net/euypj5w9/

当所有ajax加载完成时,我使用大小检查

function get_ajax(link, data, callback) { $.ajax({ url: link, type: "GET", data: data, dataType: "json", success: function (data, status, jqXHR) { callback(jqXHR.status, data) }, error: function (jqXHR, status, err) { callback(jqXHR.status, jqXHR); }, complete: function (jqXHR, status) { } }) } function run_list_ajax(callback){ var size=0; var max= 10; for (let index = 0; index < max; index++) { var link = 'http://api.jquery.com/ajaxStop/'; var data={i:index} get_ajax(link,data,function(status, data){ console.log(index) if(size>max-2){ callback('done') } size++ }) } } run_list_ajax(function(info){ console.log(info) }) <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.1/jquery.min.js"></script>

看看我的解决方案:

1.将这个函数(和变量)插入到你的javascript文件:

var runFunctionQueue_callback;

function runFunctionQueue(f, index, callback) {

  var next_index = index + 1

  if (callback !== undefined) runFunctionQueue_callback = callback;

  if (f[next_index] !== undefined) {
    console.log(index + ' Next function avalaible -> ' + next_index);
    $.ajax({
      type: 'GET',
      url: f[index].file,
      data: (f[index].data),
      complete: function() {
        runFunctionQueue(f, next_index);
      }
    });
  } else {
    console.log(index + ' Last function');
    $.ajax({
      type: 'GET',
      url: f[index].file,
      data: (f[index].data),
      async: false,
      complete: runFunctionQueue_callback
    });
  }
}

2.用你的请求构建一个数组,像这样:

var f = [
           {file: 'file_path', data: {action: 'action', data: 'any_data}},
           {file: 'file_path', data: {action: 'action', data: 'any_data}},
           {file: 'file_path', data: {action: 'action', data: 'any_data}},
           {file: 'file_path', data: {action: 'action', data: 'any_data}}
        ];

3.创建回调函数:

function Function_callback() {
  alert('done');
}

4.使用参数调用runFunctionQueue函数:

runFunctionQueue(f, 0, QuestionInsert_callback);
// first parameter: array with requests data
// second parameter: start from first request
// third parameter: the callback function

注意:上面的答案使用的功能在编写这个答案时并不存在。我建议使用jQuery.when()而不是这些方法,但我把答案留给历史用途。

-

您可能可以使用一个简单的计数信号量,尽管如何实现它取决于您的代码。一个简单的例子是……

var semaphore  = 0,     // counting semaphore for ajax requests
    all_queued = false; // bool indicator to account for instances where the first request might finish before the second even starts

semaphore++;
$.get('ajax/test1.html', function(data) {
    semaphore--;
    if (all_queued && semaphore === 0) {
        // process your custom stuff here
    }
});

semaphore++;
$.get('ajax/test2.html', function(data) {
    semaphore--;
    if (all_queued && semaphore === 0) {
        // process your custom stuff here
    }
});

semaphore++;
$.get('ajax/test3.html', function(data) {
    semaphore--;
    if (all_queued && semaphore === 0) {
        // process your custom stuff here
    }
});

semaphore++;
$.get('ajax/test4.html', function(data) {
    semaphore--;
    if (all_queued && semaphore === 0) {
        // process your custom stuff here
    }
});

// now that all ajax requests are queued up, switch the bool to indicate it
all_queued = true;

如果你想让它像{async: false}一样操作,但又不想锁定浏览器,你可以用jQuery队列来完成同样的事情。

var $queue = $("<div/>");
$queue.queue(function(){
    $.get('ajax/test1.html', function(data) {
        $queue.dequeue();
    });
}).queue(function(){
    $.get('ajax/test2.html', function(data) {
        $queue.dequeue();
    });
}).queue(function(){
    $.get('ajax/test3.html', function(data) {
        $queue.dequeue();
    });
}).queue(function(){
    $.get('ajax/test4.html', function(data) {
        $queue.dequeue();
    });
});

如果你需要简单的东西;Once and done回调

        //multiple ajax calls above
        var callback = function () {
            if ($.active !== 0) {
                setTimeout(callback, '500');
                return;
            }
            //whatever you need to do here
            //...
        };
        callback();