我试图从用户获得一些数据，并将其发送到gcc中的另一个函数。代码是这样的。
printf("Enter your Name: ");
if (!(fgets(Name, sizeof Name, stdin) != NULL)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Error reading Name.\n");
exit(1);
}
然而，我发现它最后有一个换行符\n字符。如果我输入John，它最终会发送John\n。我如何删除\n并发送一个合适的字符串。
当前回答
如果可以选择使用getline(不要忽略其安全性问题)，如果希望使用大括号指针，则可以避免使用字符串函数，因为getline返回的是字符数。如下图所示
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char *fname, *lname;
size_t size = 32, nchar; // Max size of strings and number of characters read
fname = malloc(size * sizeof *fname);
lname = malloc(size * sizeof *lname);
if (NULL == fname || NULL == lname)
{
printf("Error in memory allocation.");
exit(1);
}
printf("Enter first name ");
nchar = getline(&fname, &size, stdin);
if (nchar == -1) // getline return -1 on failure to read a line.
{
printf("Line couldn't be read..");
// This if block could be repeated for next getline too
exit(1);
}
printf("Number of characters read :%zu\n", nchar);
fname[nchar - 1] = '\0';
printf("Enter last name ");
nchar = getline(&lname, &size, stdin);
printf("Number of characters read :%zu\n", nchar);
lname[nchar - 1] = '\0';
printf("Name entered %s %s\n", fname, lname);
return 0;
}
注意:getline的[安全问题]不应该被忽视。
其他回答
这就是我的解。非常简单。
// Delete new line
// char preDelete[256] include "\n" as newline after fgets
char deletedWords[256];
int iLeng = strlen(preDelete);
int iFinal = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < iLeng; i++) {
if (preDelete[i] == '\n') {
}
else {
deletedWords[iFinal] = preDelete[i];
iFinal++;
}
if (i == iLeng -1 ) {
deletedWords[iFinal] = '\0';
}
}
如果每一行都有'\n'，则直接从fgets输出中删除'\n'
line[strlen(line) - 1] = '\0';
否则:
void remove_newline_ch(char *line)
{
int new_line = strlen(line) -1;
if (line[new_line] == '\n')
line[new_line] = '\0';
}
对于单个“\n”切边，
void remove_new_line(char* string)
{
size_t length = strlen(string);
if((length > 0) && (string[length-1] == '\n'))
{
string[length-1] ='\0';
}
}
对于多个“\n”切边，
void remove_multi_new_line(char* string)
{
size_t length = strlen(string);
while((length>0) && (string[length-1] == '\n'))
{
--length;
string[length] ='\0';
}
}
如果可以选择使用getline(不要忽略其安全性问题)，如果希望使用大括号指针，则可以避免使用字符串函数，因为getline返回的是字符数。如下图所示
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
int main()
{
char *fname, *lname;
size_t size = 32, nchar; // Max size of strings and number of characters read
fname = malloc(size * sizeof *fname);
lname = malloc(size * sizeof *lname);
if (NULL == fname || NULL == lname)
{
printf("Error in memory allocation.");
exit(1);
}
printf("Enter first name ");
nchar = getline(&fname, &size, stdin);
if (nchar == -1) // getline return -1 on failure to read a line.
{
printf("Line couldn't be read..");
// This if block could be repeated for next getline too
exit(1);
}
printf("Number of characters read :%zu\n", nchar);
fname[nchar - 1] = '\0';
printf("Enter last name ");
nchar = getline(&lname, &size, stdin);
printf("Number of characters read :%zu\n", nchar);
lname[nchar - 1] = '\0';
printf("Name entered %s %s\n", fname, lname);
return 0;
}
注意:getline的[安全问题]不应该被忽视。
我的新手方式;-)请让我知道这是正确的。这似乎对我所有的案子都有效:
#define IPT_SIZE 5
int findNULL(char* arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < strlen(arr); i++)
{
if (*(arr+i) == '\n')
{
return i;
}
}
return 0;
}
int main()
{
char *input = malloc(IPT_SIZE + 1 * sizeof(char)), buff;
int counter = 0;
//prompt user for the input:
printf("input string no longer than %i characters: ", IPT_SIZE);
do
{
fgets(input, 1000, stdin);
*(input + findNULL(input)) = '\0';
if (strlen(input) > IPT_SIZE)
{
printf("error! the given string is too large. try again...\n");
counter++;
}
//if the counter exceeds 3, exit the program (custom function):
errorMsgExit(counter, 3);
}
while (strlen(input) > IPT_SIZE);
//rest of the program follows
free(input)
return 0;
}
