我如何在javascript中解析URL到主机名和路径?

我想拿一根绳子

var a = "http://example.com/aa/bb/"

然后把它加工成一个物体

a.hostname == "example.com"

and

a.pathname == "/aa/bb"

当前回答

现代方式:

new URL("http://example.com/aa/bb/")

返回一个具有主机名和路径名等属性的对象。

第一个参数是相对或绝对URL;如果它是相对的，那么你需要指定第二个参数(基本URL)。例如，对于相对于当前页面的URL:

new URL("/aa/bb/", location)

除了浏览器，这个API在Node.js中也可以通过require('url'). url从v7开始使用。

2014-06-03 02:18:08

其他回答

使用模块模式的简单而健壮的解决方案。这包括修复IE的路径名不总是有前导正斜杠(/)。

我已经创建了一个Gist和一个JSFiddle，它提供了一个更动态的解析器。我建议你检查一下并提供反馈。

var URLParser = (function (document) {
    var PROPS = 'protocol hostname host pathname port search hash href'.split(' ');
    var self = function (url) {
        this.aEl = document.createElement('a');
        this.parse(url);
    };
    self.prototype.parse = function (url) {
        this.aEl.href = url;
        if (this.aEl.host == "") {
           this.aEl.href = this.aEl.href;
        }
        PROPS.forEach(function (prop) {
            switch (prop) {
                case 'hash':
                    this[prop] = this.aEl[prop].substr(1);
                    break;
                default:
                    this[prop] = this.aEl[prop];
            }
        }, this);
        if (this.pathname.indexOf('/') !== 0) {
            this.pathname = '/' + this.pathname;
        }
        this.requestUri = this.pathname + this.search;
    };
    self.prototype.toObj = function () {
        var obj = {};
        PROPS.forEach(function (prop) {
            obj[prop] = this[prop];
        }, this);
        obj.requestUri = this.requestUri;
        return obj;
    };
    self.prototype.toString = function () {
        return this.href;
    };
    return self;
})(document);

Demo

输出

{
 "protocol": "https:",
 "hostname": "www.example.org",
 "host": "www.example.org:5887",
 "pathname": "/foo/bar",
 "port": "5887",
 "search": "?a=1&b=2",
 "hash": "section-1",
 "href": "https://www.example.org:5887/foo/bar?a=1&b=2#section-1",
 "requestUri": "/foo/bar?a=1&b=2"
}
{
 "protocol": "ftp:",
 "hostname": "www.files.com",
 "host": "www.files.com:22",
 "pathname": "/folder",
 "port": "22",
 "search": "?id=7",
 "hash": "",
 "href": "ftp://www.files.com:22/folder?id=7",
 "requestUri": "/folder?id=7"
}

2015-01-15 13:37:22

现代方式:

new URL("http://example.com/aa/bb/")

返回一个具有主机名和路径名等属性的对象。

第一个参数是相对或绝对URL;如果它是相对的，那么你需要指定第二个参数(基本URL)。例如，对于相对于当前页面的URL:

new URL("/aa/bb/", location)

除了浏览器，这个API在Node.js中也可以通过require('url'). url从v7开始使用。

2014-06-03 02:18:08

freddiefujiwara的答案很好，但我也需要在ie中支持相对url。我想出了以下解决方案:

function getLocation(href) {
    var location = document.createElement("a");
    location.href = href;
    // IE doesn't populate all link properties when setting .href with a relative URL,
    // however .href will return an absolute URL which then can be used on itself
    // to populate these additional fields.
    if (location.host == "") {
      location.href = location.href;
    }
    return location;
};

现在使用它来获得所需的属性:

var a = getLocation('http://example.com/aa/bb/');
document.write(a.hostname);
document.write(a.pathname);

例子:

function getLocation(href) { var location = document.createElement("a"); location.href = href; // IE doesn't populate all link properties when setting .href with a relative URL, // however .href will return an absolute URL which then can be used on itself // to populate these additional fields. if (location.host == "") { location.href = location.href; } return location; }; var urlToParse = 'http://example.com/aa/bb/', a = getLocation(urlToParse); document.write('Absolute URL: ' + urlToParse); document.write('<br />'); document.write('Hostname: ' + a.hostname); document.write('<br />'); document.write('Pathname: ' + a.pathname);

2012-11-15 20:48:21

var loc = window.location;  // => "http://example.com:3000/pathname/?search=test#hash"

返回当前turl。

如果你想传递你自己的字符串作为url(在IE11中不工作):

var loc = new URL("http://example.com:3000/pathname/?search=test#hash")

然后你可以这样解析它:

loc.protocol; // => "http:"
loc.host;     // => "example.com:3000"
loc.hostname; // => "example.com"
loc.port;     // => "3000"
loc.pathname; // => "/pathname/"
loc.hash;     // => "#hash"
loc.search;   // => "?search=test"

2015-07-14 19:02:46

跨浏览器的URL解析，围绕IE 6、7、8和9的相对路径问题工作:

function ParsedUrl(url) {
    var parser = document.createElement("a");
    parser.href = url;

    // IE 8 and 9 dont load the attributes "protocol" and "host" in case the source URL
    // is just a pathname, that is, "/example" and not "http://domain.com/example".
    parser.href = parser.href;

    // IE 7 and 6 wont load "protocol" and "host" even with the above workaround,
    // so we take the protocol/host from window.location and place them manually
    if (parser.host === "") {
        var newProtocolAndHost = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host;
        if (url.charAt(1) === "/") {
            parser.href = newProtocolAndHost + url;
        } else {
            // the regex gets everything up to the last "/"
            // /path/takesEverythingUpToAndIncludingTheLastForwardSlash/thisIsIgnored
            // "/" is inserted before because IE takes it of from pathname
            var currentFolder = ("/"+parser.pathname).match(/.*\//)[0];
            parser.href = newProtocolAndHost + currentFolder + url;
        }
    }

    // copies all the properties to this object
    var properties = ['host', 'hostname', 'hash', 'href', 'port', 'protocol', 'search'];
    for (var i = 0, n = properties.length; i < n; i++) {
      this[properties[i]] = parser[properties[i]];
    }

    // pathname is special because IE takes the "/" of the starting of pathname
    this.pathname = (parser.pathname.charAt(0) !== "/" ? "/" : "") + parser.pathname;
}

使用方法(演示JSFiddle在这里):

var myUrl = new ParsedUrl("http://www.example.com:8080/path?query=123#fragment");

结果:

{
    hash: "#fragment"
    host: "www.example.com:8080"
    hostname: "www.example.com"
    href: "http://www.example.com:8080/path?query=123#fragment"
    pathname: "/path"
    port: "8080"
    protocol: "http:"
    search: "?query=123"
}

2016-07-24 22:10:31

我如何在javascript中解析URL到主机名和路径?

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