下面的方法尝试从java.lang.management.ManagementFactory中提取PID:

private static String getProcessId(final String fallback) {
    // Note: may fail in some JVM implementations
    // therefore fallback has to be provided

    // something like '<pid>@<hostname>', at least in SUN / Oracle JVMs
    final String jvmName = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean().getName();
    final int index = jvmName.indexOf('@');

    if (index < 1) {
        // part before '@' empty (index = 0) / '@' not found (index = -1)
        return fallback;
    }

    try {
        return Long.toString(Long.parseLong(jvmName.substring(0, index)));
    } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
        // ignore
    }
    return fallback;
}

例如，只需调用getProcessId("<PID>")。

这是JConsole，可能还有jps和VisualVM使用的代码。它利用类 sun.jvmstat.monitor。* tool.jar中的包

package my.code.a003.process;

import sun.jvmstat.monitor.HostIdentifier;
import sun.jvmstat.monitor.MonitorException;
import sun.jvmstat.monitor.MonitoredHost;
import sun.jvmstat.monitor.MonitoredVm;
import sun.jvmstat.monitor.MonitoredVmUtil;
import sun.jvmstat.monitor.VmIdentifier;


public class GetOwnPid {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new GetOwnPid().run();
    }

    public void run() {
        System.out.println(getPid(this.getClass()));
    }

    public Integer getPid(Class<?> mainClass) {
        MonitoredHost monitoredHost;
        Set<Integer> activeVmPids;
        try {
            monitoredHost = MonitoredHost.getMonitoredHost(new HostIdentifier((String) null));
            activeVmPids = monitoredHost.activeVms();
            MonitoredVm mvm = null;
            for (Integer vmPid : activeVmPids) {
                try {
                    mvm = monitoredHost.getMonitoredVm(new VmIdentifier(vmPid.toString()));
                    String mvmMainClass = MonitoredVmUtil.mainClass(mvm, true);
                    if (mainClass.getName().equals(mvmMainClass)) {
                        return vmPid;
                    }
                } finally {
                    if (mvm != null) {
                        mvm.detach();
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch (java.net.URISyntaxException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.getMessage());
        } catch (MonitorException e) {
            throw new InternalError(e.getMessage());
        }
        return null;
    }
}

这里有几个问题:

The tool.jar is a library distributed with Oracle JDK but not JRE! You cannot get tool.jar from Maven repo; configure it with Maven is a bit tricky The tool.jar probably contains platform dependent (native?) code so it is not easily distributable It runs under assumption that all (local) running JVM apps are "monitorable". It looks like that from Java 6 all apps generally are (unless you actively configure opposite) It probably works only for Java 6+ Eclipse does not publish main class, so you will not get Eclipse PID easily Bug in MonitoredVmUtil?

更新:我刚刚再次检查了JPS使用这种方式，即Jvmstat库(tool.jar的一部分)。因此，不需要调用JPS作为外部进程，直接调用Jvmstat库，如我的示例所示。你也可以通过这种方式获取在本地主机上运行的所有jvm的列表。 参见JPS源代码:

你可以在GitHub上查看我的项目:JavaSysMon。它提供了进程id和一堆其他东西(CPU使用率，内存使用率)跨平台(目前是Windows, Mac OSX, Linux和Solaris)

我发现了一个可能有点极端的解决方案，除了Windows 10之外，我没有在其他操作系统上尝试过，但我认为它值得注意。

如果您发现自己使用J2V8和nodejs，那么可以运行一个简单的javascript函数，返回java进程的pid。

这里有一个例子:

public static void main(String[] args) {
    NodeJS nodeJS = NodeJS.createNodeJS();
    int pid = nodeJS.getRuntime().executeIntegerScript("process.pid;\n");
    System.out.println(pid);
    nodeJS.release();
}

下面是一个后门方法，它可能不适用于所有的虚拟机，但应该适用于linux和windows(原始示例):

java.lang.management.RuntimeMXBean runtime = 
    java.lang.management.ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
java.lang.reflect.Field jvm = runtime.getClass().getDeclaredField("jvm");
jvm.setAccessible(true);
sun.management.VMManagement mgmt =  
    (sun.management.VMManagement) jvm.get(runtime);
java.lang.reflect.Method pid_method =  
    mgmt.getClass().getDeclaredMethod("getProcessId");
pid_method.setAccessible(true);

int pid = (Integer) pid_method.invoke(mgmt);

以下是我的解决方案:

public static boolean isPIDInUse(int pid) {

        try {

            String s = null;
            int java_pid;

            RuntimeMXBean rt = ManagementFactory.getRuntimeMXBean();
            java_pid = Integer.parseInt(rt.getName().substring(0, rt.getName().indexOf("@")));

            if (java_pid == pid) {
                System.out.println("In Use\n");
                return true;
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Exception:  " + e.getMessage());
        }
        return false;
    }