前一个月的Python日期

我试图用python获取前一个月的日期。以下是我的尝试:

str( time.strftime('%Y') ) + str( int(time.strftime('%m'))-1 )

然而，这种方式有两个原因:首先，它将返回2012年2月的20122(而不是201202);其次，它将返回0而不是1月的12。

我一下子就解决了这个麻烦

echo $(date -d"3 month ago" "+%G%m%d")

我认为，如果bash有一种内置的方式来实现这一目的，那么python应该提供更好的东西，而不是强迫自己编写脚本来实现这一目标。当然我可以这样做:

if int(time.strftime('%m')) == 1:
    return '12'
else:
    if int(time.strftime('%m')) < 10:
        return '0'+str(time.strftime('%m')-1)
    else:
        return str(time.strftime('%m') -1)

我还没有测试这段代码，我不想使用它(除非我找不到任何其他方法:/)

谢谢你的帮助!

当前回答

对于那些来到这里，并希望获得前一个月的第一天和最后一天的人:

from datetime import date, timedelta

last_day_of_prev_month = date.today().replace(day=1) - timedelta(days=1)

start_day_of_prev_month = date.today().replace(day=1) - timedelta(days=last_day_of_prev_month.day)

# For printing results
print("First day of prev month:", start_day_of_prev_month)
print("Last day of prev month:", last_day_of_prev_month)

输出:

First day of prev month: 2019-02-01
Last day of prev month: 2019-02-28

2019-03-22 08:45:23

其他回答

from datetime import date, timedelta

first_day_of_current_month = date.today().replace(day=1)
last_day_of_previous_month = first_day_of_current_month - timedelta(days=1)

print "Previous month:", last_day_of_previous_month.month

Or:

from datetime import date, timedelta

prev = date.today().replace(day=1) - timedelta(days=1)
print prev.month

2012-11-02 16:41:17

你应该使用dateutil。有了它，你可以使用relativedelta，它是timedelta的改进版本。

>>> import datetime 
>>> import dateutil.relativedelta
>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()
>>> print now
2012-03-15 12:33:04.281248
>>> print now + dateutil.relativedelta.relativedelta(months=-1)
2012-02-15 12:33:04.281248

2012-03-15 17:35:06

您来这里可能是因为您正在NiFi中使用Jython。这就是我最终实现它的方式。我稍微偏离了Robin Carlo Catacutan的答案，因为访问last_day_of_prev_month。由于这里解释的Jython数据类型问题，由于某种原因，这个问题似乎存在于NiFi的Jython中，但不存在于vanilla Jython中。

from datetime import date, timedelta
import calendar
    
flowFile = session.get()
    
if flowFile != None:

    first_weekday_in_prev_month, num_days_in_prev_month = calendar.monthrange(date.today().year,date.today().month-1)

    last_day_of_prev_month = date.today().replace(day=1) - timedelta(days=1)
    first_day_of_prev_month = date.today().replace(day=1) - timedelta(days=num_days_in_prev_month)
            
    last_day_of_prev_month = str(last_day_of_prev_month)
    first_day_of_prev_month = str(first_day_of_prev_month)
    
    flowFile = session.putAllAttributes(flowFile, {
        "last_day_of_prev_month": last_day_of_prev_month,
        "first_day_of_prev_month": first_day_of_prev_month
    })
    
session.transfer(flowFile, REL_SUCCESS)

2021-05-31 16:30:13

import pandas as pd

lastmonth = int(pd.to_datetime("today").strftime("%Y%m"))-1

print(lastmonth)

202101

from datetime import date, timedelta
YYYYMM = (date.today().replace(day=1)-timedelta(days=1)).strftime("%Y%m")

2021-02-05 18:44:18


from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from dateutil.relativedelta import relativedelta

#Months(0-12) (1 for Previous month)

#last day of (n) previous month (n=months)
day = datetime(2023, 1, 13)
n = 1
lastDayMonth = ((day - relativedelta(months=n) + relativedelta(day=31)).date());

#First day of previous month (n=months=1)
firstDayMonth = ((day - relativedelta(months=n) + relativedelta(day=1)).date());

print("Last Day of Month - "+ str(lastDayMonth))
print("First Day of Month - "+ str(firstDayMonth))

#Last business day (Friday) of prev (n) month if last day on weekend
lastBusDay = (lastDayMonth - timedelta(max(1,(lastDayMonth.weekday() + 6) % 7 - 3))) if lastDayMonth.weekday() in (5,6) else lastDayMonth

print("Last Business Day of Month - " + str(lastBusinessDay))

print()

2023-02-01 17:53:31

前一个月的Python日期

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