我在AWS EC2上运行了一些docker容器,/var/lib/docker/overlay2文件夹的磁盘大小增长得非常快。
我想知道删除它的内容是否安全?
或者如果docker有某种命令来释放一些磁盘使用。
更新:
我实际上已经尝试了docker系统prune -a,它回收了0Kb。
此外,我的/docker/overlay2磁盘大小比docker系统df的输出大得多
在阅读docker文档和BMitch的回答后,我相信触摸这个文件夹是一个愚蠢的想法,我会尝试其他方法来回收我的磁盘空间。
基于Mert Mertce的回答,我编写了以下脚本,包括旋转器和进度条。
然而,自从写了脚本之后,我注意到我们构建服务器上的额外目录是暂时的——也就是说,Docker似乎正在清理,尽管速度很慢。我不知道如果存在删除目录的竞争,Docker是否会感到不安。我们目前的解决方案是使用documentum,但是有很多额外的开销(150+GB)。
#!/bin/bash
[[ $(id -u) -eq 0 ]] || exec sudo /bin/bash -c "$(printf '%q ' "$BASH_SOURCE" "$@")"
progname=$(basename $0)
quiet=false
no_dry_run=false
while getopts ":qn" opt
do
case "$opt" in
q)
quiet=true
;;
n)
no_dry_run=true
;;
?)
echo "unexpected option ${opt}"
echo "usage: ${progname} [-q|--quiet]"
echo " -q: no output"
echo " -n: no dry run (will remove unused directories)"
exit 1
;;
esac
done
shift "$(($OPTIND -1))"
[[ ${quiet} = false ]] || exec /bin/bash -c "$(printf '%q ' "$BASH_SOURCE" "$@")" > /dev/null
echo "Running as: $(id -un)"
progress_bar() {
local w=80 p=$1; shift
# create a string of spaces, then change them to dots
printf -v dots "%*s" "$(( $p*$w/100 ))" ""; dots=${dots// /.};
# print those dots on a fixed-width space plus the percentage etc.
printf "\r\e[K|%-*s| %3d %% %s" "$w" "$dots" "$p" "$*";
}
cd /var/lib/docker/overlay2
echo cleaning in ${PWD}
i=1
spi=1
sp="/-\|"
directories=( $(find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d | cut -d/ -f2) )
images=( $(docker image ls --all --format "{{.ID}}") )
total=$((${#directories[@]} * ${#images[@]}))
used=()
for d in "${directories[@]}"
do
for id in ${images[@]}
do
((++i))
progress_bar "$(( ${i} * 100 / ${total}))" "scanning for used directories ${sp:spi++%${#sp}:1} "
docker inspect $id | grep -q $d
if [ $? ]
then
used+=("$d")
i=$(( $i + $(( ${#images[@]} - $(( $i % ${#images[@]} )) )) ))
break
fi
done
done
echo -e "\b\b " # get rid of spinner
i=1
used=($(printf '%s\n' "${used[@]}" | sort -u))
unused=( $(find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -type d | cut -d/ -f2) )
for d in "${used[@]}"
do
((++i))
progress_bar "$(( ${i} * 100 / ${#used[@]}))" "scanning for unused directories ${sp:spi++%${#sp}:1} "
for uni in "${!unused[@]}"
do
if [[ ${unused[uni]} = $d ]]
then
unset 'unused[uni]'
break;
fi
done
done
echo -e "\b\b " # get rid of spinner
if [ ${#unused[@]} -gt 0 ]
then
[[ ${no_dry_run} = true ]] || echo "Could remove: (to automatically remove, use the -n, "'"'"no-dry-run"'"'" flag)"
for d in "${unused[@]}"
do
if [[ ${no_dry_run} = true ]]
then
echo "Removing $(realpath ${d})"
rm -rf ${d}
else
echo " $(realpath ${d})"
fi
done
echo Done
else
echo "All directories are used, nothing to clean up."
fi
Docker使用/var/lib/docker来存储映像、容器和本地命名卷。删除它可能导致数据丢失,并可能停止引擎运行。overlay2子目录专门包含图像和容器的各种文件系统层。
要清除未使用的容器和映像,请参阅docker系统修剪。还有一些选项可以删除卷,甚至是带标签的图像,但默认情况下由于数据丢失的可能性而不启用:
$ docker system prune --help
Usage: docker system prune [OPTIONS]
Remove unused data
Options:
-a, --all Remove all unused images not just dangling ones
--filter filter Provide filter values (e.g. 'label=<key>=<value>')
-f, --force Do not prompt for confirmation
--volumes Prune volumes
剪枝永远不会删除的内容包括:
正在运行的容器(使用docker ps列出它们)
这些容器上的日志(有关限制日志大小的详细信息,请参阅这篇文章)
由这些容器所做的文件系统更改(通过docker diff可见)
此外,在这个垃圾收集过程中,docker可能不会看到在普通docker文件夹之外创建的任何内容。这可能是其他应用写到这个目录,或者docker引擎之前的配置(例如,从AUFS切换到overlay2,或者可能在启用用户名称空间之后)。
What would happen if this advice is ignored and you deleted a single folder like overlay2 out from this filesystem? The container filesystems are assembled from a collection of filesystem layers, and the overlay2 folder is where docker is performing some of these mounts (you'll see them in the output of mount when a container is running). Deleting some of these when they are in use would delete chunks of the filesystem out from a running container, and likely break the ability to start a new container from an impacted image. See this question for one of many possible results.
为了完全刷新docker到一个干净的状态,你可以删除整个目录,而不仅仅是像overlay2这样的子目录:
# danger, read the entire text around this code before running
# you will lose data
sudo -s
systemctl stop docker
rm -rf /var/lib/docker
systemctl start docker
exit
引擎将在完全空的状态下重新启动,这意味着你将失去所有:
图片
容器
名叫卷
用户创建的网络
群状态