我想在Python中实现一个HashMap。我想让用户输入。根据他的输入,我正在从HashMap中检索一些信息。如果用户输入HashMap的一个键,我想检索相应的值。

我如何在Python中实现这个功能?

HashMap<String,String> streetno=new HashMap<String,String>();
   streetno.put("1", "Sachin Tendulkar");
   streetno.put("2", "Dravid");
   streetno.put("3","Sehwag");
   streetno.put("4","Laxman");
   streetno.put("5","Kohli")

当前回答

class HashMap:
    def __init__(self):
        self.size = 64
        self.map = [None] * self.size

    def _get_hash(self, key):
        hash = 0

        for char in str(key):
            hash += ord(char)
        return hash % self.size

    def add(self, key, value):
        key_hash = self._get_hash(key)
        key_value = [key, value]

        if self.map[key_hash] is None:
            self.map[key_hash] = list([key_value])
            return True
        else:
            for pair in self.map[key_hash]:
                if pair[0] == key:
                    pair[1] = value
                    return True
                else:
                    self.map[key_hash].append(list([key_value]))
                    return True

    def get(self, key):
        key_hash = self._get_hash(key)
        if self.map[key_hash] is not None:
            for pair in self.map[key_hash]: 
                if pair[0] == key:
                    return pair[1]
        return None

    def delete(self, key):
        key_hash = self._get_hash(key)

        if self.map[key_hash] is None :
            return False
        for i in range(0, len(self.map[key_hash])):
            if self.map[key_hash][i][0] == key:
                self.map[key_hash].pop(i)
                return True

    def print(self):

        print('---Phonebook---')
        for item in self.map:
            if item is not None:
                print(str(item))

h = HashMap()

其他回答

在python中,你会使用字典。

它是python中非常重要的类型,经常使用。

您可以轻松地创建一个

name = {}

字典有很多方法:

# add entries:
>>> name['first'] = 'John'
>>> name['second'] = 'Doe'
>>> name
{'first': 'John', 'second': 'Doe'}

# you can store all objects and datatypes as value in a dictionary
# as key you can use all objects and datatypes that are hashable
>>> name['list'] = ['list', 'inside', 'dict']
>>> name[1] = 1
>>> name
{'first': 'John', 'second': 'Doe', 1: 1, 'list': ['list', 'inside', 'dict']}

你不能影响字典的顺序。

class HashMap:
    def __init__(self):
        self.size = 64
        self.map = [None] * self.size

    def _get_hash(self, key):
        hash = 0

        for char in str(key):
            hash += ord(char)
        return hash % self.size

    def add(self, key, value):
        key_hash = self._get_hash(key)
        key_value = [key, value]

        if self.map[key_hash] is None:
            self.map[key_hash] = list([key_value])
            return True
        else:
            for pair in self.map[key_hash]:
                if pair[0] == key:
                    pair[1] = value
                    return True
                else:
                    self.map[key_hash].append(list([key_value]))
                    return True

    def get(self, key):
        key_hash = self._get_hash(key)
        if self.map[key_hash] is not None:
            for pair in self.map[key_hash]: 
                if pair[0] == key:
                    return pair[1]
        return None

    def delete(self, key):
        key_hash = self._get_hash(key)

        if self.map[key_hash] is None :
            return False
        for i in range(0, len(self.map[key_hash])):
            if self.map[key_hash][i][0] == key:
                self.map[key_hash].pop(i)
                return True

    def print(self):

        print('---Phonebook---')
        for item in self.map:
            if item is not None:
                print(str(item))

h = HashMap()

Python字典是一种内置类型,支持键值对。它是相对于Java的HashMap最近的内置数据结构。

你可以声明一个键值对为值的dict:

streetno = {
    "1": "Sachin Tendulkar",
    "2": "Dravid",
    "3": "Sehwag",
    "4": "Laxman",
    "5": "Kohli"
}

你也可以在创建后设置一个键值映射:

streetno = {}
streetno["1"] = "Sachin Tendulkar"
print(streetno["1"]) # => "Sachin Tendulkar"

另一种创建字典的方法是使用内置函数dict(),但这仅在键是有效标识符时有效:

streetno = dict(one="Sachin Tendulkar", two="Dravid")
print(streetno["one"]) # => "Sachin Tendulkar"

Python中的字典是实现这一点的最佳方式。我们可以使用给定的<key,value>对创建以下字典:

d = {"1": "Sachin Tendulkar", "2": "Dravid", "3": "Sehwag", "4": "Laxman", "5": "Kohli"}

要提取特定键的值,我们可以直接使用d[key]:

name = d["1"] # The value of name would be "Sachin Tendulkar" here

Python Counter在这种情况下也是一个很好的选择:

from collections import Counter

counter = Counter(["Sachin Tendulkar", "Sachin Tendulkar", "other things"])

print(counter)

这将返回一个包含列表中每个元素计数的dict:

Counter({'Sachin Tendulkar': 2, 'other things': 1})