extension UIApplication {
        
       public var mainKeyWindow: UIWindow? {
           if #available(iOS 13, *) {
             return UIApplication.shared.connectedScenes
            .filter { $0.activationState == .foregroundActive }
            .first(where: { $0 is UIWindowScene })
            .flatMap { $0 as? UIWindowScene }?.windows
            .first(where: \.isKeyWindow)
           } else {
              return UIApplication.shared.windows.first { $0.isKeyWindow }
           }
        }
    

    public var rootViewController: UIViewController? {
        guard let keyWindow = UIApplication.shared.mainKeyWindow, let rootViewController = keyWindow.rootViewController else {
            return nil
        }
        return rootViewController
    }

    public func topViewController(controller: UIViewController? = UIApplication.shared.rootViewController) -> UIViewController? {

        if controller == nil {
            return topViewController(controller: rootViewController)
        }
        
        if let navigationController = controller as? UINavigationController {
            return topViewController(controller: navigationController.visibleViewController)
        }

        if let tabController = controller as? UITabBarController {
            if let selectedViewController = tabController.selectedViewController {
                return topViewController(controller: selectedViewController)
            }
        }

        if let presentedViewController = controller?.presentedViewController {
            return topViewController(controller: presentedViewController)
        }

        return controller
    }
}

Swift 5.2及以上版本

extension UIWindow {

    func visibleViewController() -> UIViewController? {
        if let rootViewController: UIViewController = self.rootViewController {
            return UIWindow.getVisibleViewControllerFrom(vc: rootViewController)
        }
        return nil
    }

    static func getVisibleViewControllerFrom(vc:UIViewController) -> UIViewController {
        if let navigationController = vc as? UINavigationController,
            let visibleController = navigationController.visibleViewController  {
            return UIWindow.getVisibleViewControllerFrom( vc: visibleController )
        } else if let tabBarController = vc as? UITabBarController,
            let selectedTabController = tabBarController.selectedViewController {
            return UIWindow.getVisibleViewControllerFrom(vc: selectedTabController )
        } else {
            if let presentedViewController = vc.presentedViewController {
                return UIWindow.getVisibleViewControllerFrom(vc: presentedViewController)
            } else {
                return vc
            }
        }
    }
}

用法:

if let topController = window.visibleViewController() {
    println(topController)
}

对于任何寻求快速5/iOS 13+解决方案的人(keywindow自iOS 13以来已弃用)

extension UIApplication {

    class func getTopMostViewController() -> UIViewController? {
        let keyWindow = UIApplication.shared.windows.filter {$0.isKeyWindow}.first
        if var topController = keyWindow?.rootViewController {
            while let presentedViewController = topController.presentedViewController {
                topController = presentedViewController
            }
            return topController
        } else {
            return nil
        }
    }
}

对于Swift 5+， iOS 13 +

extension UIViewController {
    static func topMostViewController() -> UIViewController? {
        if #available(iOS 13.0, *) {
            let keyWindow = UIApplication.shared.windows.filter {$0.isKeyWindow}.first
            return keyWindow?.rootViewController?.topMostViewController()
        }
        
        return UIApplication.shared.keyWindow?.rootViewController?.topMostViewController()
    }
    
    func topMostViewController() -> UIViewController? {
        if let navigationController = self as? UINavigationController {
            return navigationController.topViewController?.topMostViewController()
        }
        else if let tabBarController = self as? UITabBarController {
            if let selectedViewController = tabBarController.selectedViewController {
                return selectedViewController.topMostViewController()
            }
            return tabBarController.topMostViewController()
        }
            
        else if let presentedViewController = self.presentedViewController {
            return presentedViewController.topMostViewController()
        }
        
        else {
            return self
        }
    }
}

用法:

当你在没有UIViewController实例的情况下获取topMostViewController时

guard let viewController = UIViewController.topMostViewController() else { return }
print(viewController)

当你获取UIViewController实例的topMostViewController时

let yourVC = UIViewController()
guard let vc = yourVC.topMostViewController() else { return }
print(vc)

extension UIViewController {
    func topMostViewController() -> UIViewController {
        if self.presentedViewController == nil {
            return self
        }
        if let navigation = self.presentedViewController as? UINavigationController {
            return navigation.visibleViewController.topMostViewController()
        }
        if let tab = self.presentedViewController as? UITabBarController {
            if let selectedTab = tab.selectedViewController {
                return selectedTab.topMostViewController()
            }
            return tab.topMostViewController()
        }
        return self.presentedViewController!.topMostViewController()
    }
}

extension UIApplication {
    func topMostViewController() -> UIViewController? {
        return self.keyWindow?.rootViewController?.topMostViewController()
    }
}

在一个非常罕见的情况下，使用自定义segue，最顶层的视图控制器不在导航堆栈或选项卡栏控制器中或被呈现，但它的视图被插入到关键窗口子视图的顶部。

在这种情况下，有必要检查UIApplication.shared.keyWindow.subviews.last == self。视图来确定当前视图控制器是否是最顶端的。