看看Leland Kwong的代码。

基本思路是将wheeleling事件绑定到子元素上，然后使用子元素的原生javascript属性scrollHeight和jquery属性outerHeight来检测滚动的结束，在此基础上返回false以阻止任何滚动。

var scrollableDist,curScrollPos,wheelEvent,dY;
$('#child-element').on('wheel', function(e){
  scrollableDist = $(this)[0].scrollHeight - $(this).outerHeight();
  curScrollPos = $(this).scrollTop();
  wheelEvent = e.originalEvent;
  dY = wheelEvent.deltaY;
  if ((dY>0 && curScrollPos >= scrollableDist) ||
      (dY<0 && curScrollPos <= 0)) {
    return false;
  }
});

如果有人还在寻找一个解决方案，下面的插件做的工作http://mohammadyounes.github.io/jquery-scrollLock/

它完全解决了在给定容器内锁定鼠标滚轮滚动的问题，防止它传播到父元素。

不改变滚轮滚动速度，不会影响用户体验。无论操作系统的鼠标滚轮垂直滚动速度如何，你都可以得到相同的行为(在Windows上，它可以设置为一个屏幕或一行，最多100行每个凹槽)。

演示:http://mohammadyounes.github.io/jquery-scrollLock/example/

来源:https://github.com/MohammadYounes/jquery-scrollLock

上面的方法不是那么自然，经过一些谷歌我找到了一个更好的解决方案，不需要jQuery。参见[1]和演示[2]。

var element = document.getElementById('uf-notice-ul'); var isMacWebkit = (navigator.userAgent.indexOf("Macintosh") !== -1 && navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebKit") !== -1); var isFirefox = (navigator.userAgent.indexOf("firefox") !== -1); element.onwheel = wheelHandler; // Future browsers element.onmousewheel = wheelHandler; // Most current browsers if (isFirefox) { element.scrollTop = 0; element.addEventListener("DOMMouseScroll", wheelHandler, false); } // prevent from scrolling parrent elements function wheelHandler(event) { var e = event || window.event; // Standard or IE event object // Extract the amount of rotation from the event object, looking // for properties of a wheel event object, a mousewheel event object // (in both its 2D and 1D forms), and the Firefox DOMMouseScroll event. // Scale the deltas so that one "click" toward the screen is 30 pixels. // If future browsers fire both "wheel" and "mousewheel" for the same // event, we'll end up double-counting it here. Hopefully, however, // cancelling the wheel event will prevent generation of mousewheel. var deltaX = e.deltaX * -30 || // wheel event e.wheelDeltaX / 4 || // mousewheel 0; // property not defined var deltaY = e.deltaY * -30 || // wheel event e.wheelDeltaY / 4 || // mousewheel event in Webkit (e.wheelDeltaY === undefined && // if there is no 2D property then e.wheelDelta / 4) || // use the 1D wheel property e.detail * -10 || // Firefox DOMMouseScroll event 0; // property not defined // Most browsers generate one event with delta 120 per mousewheel click. // On Macs, however, the mousewheels seem to be velocity-sensitive and // the delta values are often larger multiples of 120, at // least with the Apple Mouse. Use browser-testing to defeat this. if (isMacWebkit) { deltaX /= 30; deltaY /= 30; } e.currentTarget.scrollTop -= deltaY; // If we ever get a mousewheel or wheel event in (a future version of) // Firefox, then we don't need DOMMouseScroll anymore. if (isFirefox && e.type !== "DOMMouseScroll") { element.removeEventListener("DOMMouseScroll", wheelHandler, false); } // Don't let this event bubble. Prevent any default action. // This stops the browser from using the mousewheel event to scroll // the document. Hopefully calling preventDefault() on a wheel event // will also prevent the generation of a mousewheel event for the // same rotation. if (e.preventDefault) e.preventDefault(); if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation(); e.cancelBubble = true; // IE events e.returnValue = false; // IE events return false; }

[1] https://dimakuzmich.wordpress.com/2013/07/16/prevent-scrolling-of-parent-element-with-javascript/

[2] http://jsfiddle.net/dima_k/5mPkB/1/

还有一个有趣的技巧，当鼠标悬停在可滚动元素上时，锁定父元素的scrollTop。这样你就不必实现自己的滚轮。

下面是一个防止文档滚动的示例，但它可以针对任何元素进行调整。

scrollable.mouseenter(function ()
{
  var scroll = $(document).scrollTop();
  $(document).on('scroll.trap', function ()
  {
    if ($(document).scrollTop() != scroll) $(document).scrollTop(scroll);
  });
});

scrollable.mouseleave(function ()
{
  $(document).off('scroll.trap');
});

值得一提的是，在像reactJS, AngularJS, VueJS等现代框架中，当处理固定位置元素时，这个问题有简单的解决方案。例如侧板或叠加元素。

这种技术被称为“传送门”，这意味着应用程序中使用的一个组件，不需要从你正在使用它的地方实际提取它，将在body元素的底部装载它的子元素，在你试图避免滚动的父元素之外。

注意，它不会避免滚动body元素本身。你可以结合这种技术，在滚动div中安装你的应用程序，以达到预期的结果。

React material-ui中的门户实现示例:https://material-ui-next.com/api/portal/

有es6跨浏览器+移动香草js决定:

function stopParentScroll(selector) {
    let last_touch;
    let MouseWheelHandler = (e, selector) => {
        let delta;
        if(e.deltaY)
            delta = e.deltaY;
        else if(e.wheelDelta)
            delta = e.wheelDelta;
        else if(e.changedTouches){
            if(!last_touch){
                last_touch = e.changedTouches[0].clientY;
            }
            else{
                if(e.changedTouches[0].clientY > last_touch){
                    delta = -1;
                }
                else{
                    delta = 1;
                }
            }
        }
        let prevent = function() {
            e.stopPropagation();
            e.preventDefault();
            e.returnValue = false;
            return false;
        };

        if(selector.scrollTop === 0 && delta < 0){
            return prevent();
        }
        else if(selector.scrollTop === (selector.scrollHeight - selector.clientHeight) && delta > 0){
            return prevent();
        }
    };

    selector.onwheel = e => {MouseWheelHandler(e, selector)}; 
    selector.onmousewheel = e => {MouseWheelHandler(e, selector)}; 
    selector.ontouchmove  = e => {MouseWheelHandler(e, selector)};
}