如果你想绑定包含布局，

活动

YourMainLayoutBinding mainLayoutBinding = MainLayoutBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater);

View view = mainLayoutBinding.getRoot();

YourIncludedLayoutBinding includedLayoutBinding = YourIncludedLayoutBinding.bind(View);

的片段

YourMainLayoutBinding mainLayoutBinding = MainLayoutBinding.inflate(inflater,container,false);

View view = mainLayoutBinding.getRoot();

YourIncludedLayoutBinding includedLayoutBinding = YourIncludedLayoutBinding.bind(View);

确保你的主布局绑定父根是LinearLayout， incledlayoutbinding父布局也是线性布局

在我的例子中，我忘记将id分配给include标记

现在，当你赋值了id，你就能得到绑定对象，

YourMainLayoutBinding.YourIncludeTagIDLayoutBinding

如果你想绑定包含布局，

活动

YourMainLayoutBinding mainLayoutBinding = MainLayoutBinding.inflate(getLayoutInflater);

View view = mainLayoutBinding.getRoot();

YourIncludedLayoutBinding includedLayoutBinding = YourIncludedLayoutBinding.bind(View);

的片段

YourMainLayoutBinding mainLayoutBinding = MainLayoutBinding.inflate(inflater,container,false);

View view = mainLayoutBinding.getRoot();

YourIncludedLayoutBinding includedLayoutBinding = YourIncludedLayoutBinding.bind(View);

确保你的主布局绑定父根是LinearLayout， incledlayoutbinding父布局也是线性布局

在包含布局中，你必须创建一个容器布局，并在这里放置id。

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">

    <androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout
        android:id="@+id/example"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent">
    </androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

使用数据绑定库。然后用<layout>标签包装XML布局

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layout>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    ... 

    <include 
      android:id="@+id/toolbar"
      layout="@layout/toolbar" />
    
    ...

</LinearLayout>
</layout>

toolbar.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <ImageView 
        android:id="@+id/ivImage"
        ... />

    <TextView 
        android:id="@+id/tvTitle"
        ... />


</LinearLayout>

MainActivity.kt

private lateinit var binding: ActivityMainBinding  

override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
    binding = DataBindingUtil.setContentView(this, R.layout.activity_main)

    // Access include layout views
    binding.toolbar.rootView.ivImage.setImageResource(R.drawable.ic_back_arrow)
    binding.toolbar.rootView.tvTitle.text = getString(R.string.home)
   
    ...
}

关于您的第一个问题，您可以获得包含布局的视图绑定。

下面是一个main_fragment.xml文件示例:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical">

    <androidx.recyclerview.widget.RecyclerView
        android:id="@+id/recycler_view_main"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        android:layout_weight="1" />

    <include
        android:id="@+id/toolbar"
        layout="@layout/toolbar" />

</LinearLayout>

MainFragment.java可以是这样的:

public class MainFragment extends Fragment {

    private MainFragmentBinding binding;
    private ToolbarBinding toolbarBinding;

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public View onCreateView(@NonNull LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        binding = MainFragmentBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false);
        toolbarBinding = binding.toolbar;

        return binding.getRoot();
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();

        toolbarBinding = null;
        binding = null;
    }
}

现在您有了两个绑定:一个对应于主布局，另一个对应于包含的布局。