There is another time when using getBean makes sense. If you're reconfiguring a system that already exists, where the dependencies are not explicitly called out in spring context files. You can start the process by putting in calls to getBean, so that you don't have to wire it all up at once. This way you can slowly build up your spring configuration putting each piece in place over time and getting the bits lined up properly. The calls to getBean will eventually be replaced, but as you understand the structure of the code, or lack there of, you can start the process of wiring more and more beans and using fewer and fewer calls to getBean.

There is another time when using getBean makes sense. If you're reconfiguring a system that already exists, where the dependencies are not explicitly called out in spring context files. You can start the process by putting in calls to getBean, so that you don't have to wire it all up at once. This way you can slowly build up your spring configuration putting each piece in place over time and getting the bits lined up properly. The calls to getBean will eventually be replaced, but as you understand the structure of the code, or lack there of, you can start the process of wiring more and more beans and using fewer and fewer calls to getBean.

Spring的前提之一是避免耦合。定义和使用接口，DI, AOP，避免使用ApplicationContext.getBean():-)

使用Spring之类的东西的一个最酷的好处是，您不必将对象连接在一起。Zeus的头部打开，您的类就出现了，并且根据需要创建并连接了它们的所有依赖项。这是神奇的和奇妙的。

你越是说ClassINeed ClassINeed = (ClassINeed)ApplicationContext.getBean(" ClassINeed ");，你得到的魔法就越少。代码越少越好。如果您的类确实需要ClassINeed bean，为什么不直接将它连接进来呢?

也就是说，显然需要创建第一个对象。主方法通过getBean()获取一两个bean并没有什么问题，但是应该避免使用它，因为无论何时使用它，都没有真正使用Spring的所有魔力。

其思想是依赖于依赖注入(控制反转，IoC)。也就是说，您的组件已经配置了所需的组件。这些依赖关系是注入的(通过构造函数或设置函数)——你不能自己得到。

getbean()要求您在组件中显式地命名bean。相反，通过使用IoC，您的配置可以确定将使用什么组件。

这让你可以轻松地用不同的组件实现重新连接应用程序，或者通过提供模拟变量(例如，模拟DAO，这样你就不会在测试期间碰到数据库)以一种直接的方式配置测试对象。

你应该使用:ConfigurableApplicationContext而不是for ApplicationContext